It seems hard to watch someone yawn（打哈欠） and not to yawn ourselves. Even reading about yawning can make you do it. Now, a new study has found why yawning has such a powerful force.
Yawning when others yawn, the study suggests, is a sign of pity and a form of social connection. Kids don’t develop this deeply rooted behavior until around age four, the study found. Kids with autism (自閉癥) are less likely to catch yawns. In the most serious cases, they never do. Yawning might help doctors to see whether the children are developing rightly. The work could also lead to a better understanding of the ways that people communicate and connect.
"Emotional infection seems to be a born thing that connects us together," said Molly Helt, a graduate student in psychology at the University of Connecticut. "Yawning may be part of that." Inspiration for her study came when she tried to get her own autistic son to clear his ears on an airplane. She repeatedly yawned at him, hoping he would yawn back. He never did.
"The fact that autistic kids don’t do it might mean they’re really missing out on that emotional connection with people around them," she said. "The biggest thing people try to figure out after birth is how we become humans and understand that humans have minds that are different from others’," she added. "Autistic people never seem to understand that."
Like infectious （有感染力的）laughter and crying, scientists have found that yawning is a shared experience that promotes social connection. Helt said it could fight stress after a period of being nervous and spread a feeling of calm through a group.
【小題1】What does the new study suggest, according to the first two paragraphs?
| A．Yawning is a form of communication. |
| B．It is easy to stop yawning when you see others yawn. |
| C．Children follow others in yawning just after they are born. |
| D．Yawning has some mysterious force which is related to God. |
| A．humans differ from animals because they communicate with others |
| B．yawning is a kind of emotional connection among humans |
| C．emotions are infectious, but yawning is not |
| D．yawning helps clear ears on planes |
| A．It is natural to yawn back if people around you yawn. |
| B．Some kids are too young to yawn after others. |
| C．Yawning can be used to test children’s development. |
| D．Kids with autism yawn easily when others yawn. |
| A．yawning is different from infectious laughter and crying in theory |
| B．it is bad manners to yawn on some social occasions |
| C．the more you yawn, the happier you will be |
| D．yawning can make people feel relaxed |
【小題1】A
【小題2】B
【小題3】D
【小題4】D
解析試題分析：文章大意：這篇文章主要講了打哈欠是憐憫心和社會(huì)關(guān)系的一種表現(xiàn)形式，會(huì)在人與人之間相互傳染，打哈欠是人們之間的一種情感交流方式，是人們之間溝通的紐帶，打哈欠能使人放松。
【小題1】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一、二段的描述可知打哈欠是憐憫心和社會(huì)關(guān)系的一種表現(xiàn)形式，會(huì)在人與人之間相互傳染。故A正確。
【小題2】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合文章三、四段可知Helt通過(guò)患有自閉癥的兒子對(duì)打哈欠“啟而不發(fā)”的情況意識(shí)到打哈欠是人們之間的一種情感交流方式，是人們之間溝通的紐帶。故B正確。
【小題3】D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章描述可知看到別人打哈欠就會(huì)回應(yīng)是人的一種自然反應(yīng)；孩子們從四歲開(kāi)始就會(huì)對(duì)別人的打哈欠有反應(yīng)；心理學(xué)家也能通過(guò)打哈欠的測(cè)試了解孩子的心理發(fā)展進(jìn)度，故A、B、C項(xiàng)說(shuō)法均正確；根據(jù)第三段可知自閉癥患者對(duì)打哈欠的反應(yīng)不如常人。故D正確。
【小題4】D推理判斷題。根據(jù)Helt said it could fight stress after a period of being nervous and spread a feeling of calm through a group可知答案。故D正確。
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There’s been a lot of talk about white-and-blue collar（衣領(lǐng)） workers, and you may have even heard of gold collar workers, but lately a new color of collar is making its way into China’s urban vernacular(土話(huà))—green. Green collars say no when work is life and life is work. They choose to get out of the fast lane(車(chē)道), and explore new ways of living “green”.
Living green doesn’t mean someone is working as an environmentalist, biologist or scientist. Instead it is more of a lifestyle choice. A typical green collar is well educated like a white-collar but physically tough like a blue-collar, likely born in the 70s or 80s of the last century and living in one of China’s big cities, with a monthly income well above 5,000 yuan(about US $700).
The life of a green collar may go something like this: Turn off the mobile phone after work, eat only healthy food rich in vitamins, go on hikes every weekend, and like to help the underprivileged.
Green collars even have their own club. In Beijing, the Green Collar Club is for people who share a “be happy, healthy and helpful” spirit. The club often holds charity parties and uses the donations for environmental protection and poverty relief projects in China.
“They are successful in their careers, but do not miss the pleasures in life. They have a lot of money, but do not fall slave to it.” said Zuo Shiguang, one of the founding members of the club.
【小題1】What is the passage mainly about?
| A．Differences between white-and-blue collars and green collars. |
| B．The increasing awareness(意識(shí)) of environmental protection. |
| C．New trends of life in China’s big cities. |
| D．The lifestyle of green collars. |
| A．they have a large income to use |
| B．they refuse to live an unhealthy life |
| C．they spend a lot of money and time in the open air |
| D．they devote themselves to environmental protection |
| A．Appreciative. | B．Doubtful. | C．Negative(否定的). | D．Neutral(中立的). |
| A．in heavy polluted areas | B．in faraway places |
| C．in a poor state of education | D．in unfavourable(不利的) conditions |
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How many times have you got upset because someone wasn’t doing his job，because your child isn’t behaving？How many times have you been irritated (惱怒的) when you’ve planned something carefully and things didn’t go as you’d hoped?
This kind of anger and irritation happens to all of us—it’s part of the human experiences.
One thing that irritates me is when people talk during a movie，or cut me off in traffic.Actually，I have a lot of these little annoyances—don’t we all？And it isn’t always easy to find peace when you’ve become upset or irritated.
Let me tell you a little secret to finding peace of mind：see_the_glass_as_already_broken.
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One quick example：on our recent trip to Japan，I told my kids to expect things to go wrong—they always do on a trip.I told them，“See it as part of the adventure.”
And this worked like a charm.When we inevitably (不可避免地) took the wrong train on a foreignlanguage subway system，or when it rained on the day we went to Disney Sea，or when we took three trains and walked 10 blocks only to find the National Children’s Castle closed on Mondays...they said，“It’s part of the adventure！” And it was all OK—we didn’t get too bothered.
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【小題1】The author would probably agree that________.
| A．we should control our anger and irritation |
| B．we must get well prepared for the future |
| C．optimism can help us overcome our anger and irritation |
| D．a(chǎn)nger and irritation is a natural part of our life |
| A．tell us his own experience in life |
| B．a(chǎn)dvise us how to find peace of mind |
| C．tell us a happy trip he took with his children |
| D．a(chǎn)sk us to see things from both sides |
| A．get ready for the worst result of things |
| B．enjoy the process of things |
| C．expect little from life |
| D．find the relationship between cause and effect |
| A．often gets angry in his life |
| B．can adjust his state of mind accordingly |
| C．a(chǎn)lways expects others to act in his way |
| D．a(chǎn)lways suffers from his anger and irritation |
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The nature of what is news may change .What basically makes news is what affects our lives - the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though .It's already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic（基因的） engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do - as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.
It's quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted（傳送）electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact ,I'm pretty sure how it will happen m the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read - sports and international news, etc.
I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media（媒體）．They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn't happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet. it's never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.
【小題1】What is the best title for the passage?
| A．The Best Way to Get News | B．The Changes of Media |
| C．Make Your Own Newspaper | D．The Future of Newspaper |
| A．more big political affairs, wars and disasters will make news |
| B．newspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longer |
| C．newspapers will cover more scientific research |
| D．more and more people will watch TV |
| A．Sports and international news. | B．A menu of important news. |
| C．The most Important news. | D．what you are interested in. |
| A．newspapers will win the competition among the different meclia |
| B．newspapers will stay with us together with other media |
| C．television will take the place of newspaper |
| D．the writer believe some media will die out |
| A．depend on | B．compete with | C．fight with | D．kill off |
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The next day，my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes，I encouraged—okay，ordered—them to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take：$1,600.Not bad，huh?
Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big－time bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar.And these days，a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
I've made a living looking for the best deals and exposing(揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade：A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.
I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth.I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes，clothes for my children，and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its shape longer，and it's the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.
【小題1】Why did Delta give the author's family credits?
| A．They took a later flight. |
| B．They had early bookings. |
| C．Their flight had been delayed. |
| D．Their flight had been cancelled. |
| A．She rarely misses a good deal. |
| B．She seldom makes a compromise. |
| C．She is very strict with her children. |
| D．She is interested in cheap products. |
| A．She's a teacher. |
| B．She's a housewife. |
| C．She's a media person. |
| D．She's a businesswoman. |
| A．How to expose bad tricks. |
| B．How to reserve airline seats. |
| C．How to spend money wisely. |
| D．How to make a business deal. |
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Today’s youth seem content to take the easy route and enjoy the ride of life. When tough situations arise, they often get annoyed and complain. How you live your teen years will have a profound influence on the rest of your life.
You must learn to use your time wisely. You may not see it now, but developing leadership characteristics at a young age is very important. As we get older, it becomes harder to overcome bad habits and replace them with good ones. Possessing leadership qualities is essential, both in this life and in the world to come. There are certain qualities that one needs to develop in order to become a leader: justice, judgment, dependability, initiative, decisiveness, tact, integrity, enthusiasm, poise, unselfishness, courage, knowledge and loyalty. You may recognize these as good qualities to have, without realizing how they apply to leadership. The more these qualities are part of your nature, the more productive and enjoyable your life will be. All of these are qualities that one must possess to one degree or another.
Contrary to popular opinion, leadership is something that is learned. No one is born a leader. We are all capable of exhibiting the leadership qualities mentioned above — some just choose not to. Of course, not veryone can be the “top dog”, let alone all the time. However, everyone does have the capacity to lead in some way — but action is required! Understand that learning is a fact of life—learning to ride a bike, learning to drive, learning to type, learning mathematics, etc. All of these activities require action. While we are born with many different abilities, if we do not use and develop them, those abilities will never come to fruition. Youth is an excellent time to start developing leadership characteristics. Take the time to study each one in detail. Put them into practice as you interact with other people. Determine which areas you are weak in, striving to always improve. Observe the leaders, and how they handle situations and carry themselves. Also, study the lives of great leaders. The results will serve you in this life — and beyond!
【小題1】The purpose of the second paragraph is to show that .
| A．one must overcome bad habits at first |
| B．a(chǎn)ll leaders have the mentioned leadership characteristics |
| C．the earlier and the more you develop leadership characteristics, the better it is |
| D．one must know how to apply the mentioned leadership characteristics first |
| A．they are lazy | B．they don’t learn |
| C．they don’t have the qualities mentioned | D．they don’t develop their abilities |
| A．Everyone can be a leader all the time. |
| B．Everyone can not be a leader all the time. |
| C．Nobody can be a top leader all the time. |
| D．Nobody can not be a leader all the time. |
| A．Learn to be a leader. | B．Everyone can be a leader. |
| C．Leadership characteristics. | D．Leadership is something that is learned. |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Is it necessary for a young man to have an apartment as a prerequisite（先決條件） for marriage? Housing has become a major obstacle（障礙） for Chinese young men hoping to start a family. China may breed a new group of bachelors, men caught in the trap of unaffordable houses.
Since early 2009, the housing market has once again become a hot pot at boiling point. Even with allowance（津貼） and special government policies, home prices in China's first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai are riding the crest（波峰）of a rising wave. According to the "2010 China Marital Status Report" released on Dec 15, 2010, about 70 percent of women interviewed said that housing, a stable income and some savings were the main requirements for marriage.
From the report, we can see that housing is given top priority（優(yōu)先權(quán)） and that women see an apartment as essential(必不可少的) to show that the man is responsible and can provide for his family.
Personality and morals lay outside the top three matrimonial （婚姻的）requirements. Some women and their families hold the traditional position and take it for granted that the home issue should be the man's responsibility, which doesn’t agree with the contemporary independent spirit of women and gender equality. These marriage values reflect the fact that many women consider marriage another form of "social welfare".
Things may be different overseas. Social housing, provided by European authorities, offer the less wealthy people their own piece of real estate. Such housing is usually apartments in tall buildings with 10 or more floors on the outskirts of town, whose main advantage is the low rents.
For many Americans, houses don't pose an obstacle to getting married. They often buy a house after the wedding, because more and more people are reconsidering their real estate worship, and going back to a more rational(理性的) mode of consumption.
In Japan, renting is the custom for newly married young couples. Few young couples can afford to purchase property. Up to 67.1 percent of young couples choose to rent. Generally speaking, renters account for most people younger than 40 in Japan.
Young people should be free to enjoy being young, without the huge pressure of trying to buy property. Society should help create an environment for them to grow up. Don't let the poor bachelor group become a suffering layer（層） of our society.
【小題1】Which of the following is Not True according to the text?
| A．Home prices have been extremely high since early 2009. |
| B．In the modern society, women don’t want to be independent. |
| C．Chinese government has already done something to control home prices. |
| D．Lots of Chinese young men couldn’t get married because of their economic capability. |
| A．urban areas | B．rural areas（鄉(xiāng)下） |
| C．suburbs | D．downtown areas |
| A．Because they can’t afford a house. |
| B．Because they enjoy their social welfare. |
| C．Because their families want them to marry men with houses. |
| D．Because they think it’s a symbol of the men’s sense of responsibility. |
| A．new couples in those countries like to rent houses |
| B．the situation is different in some foreign countries |
| C．it’s better to live in those countries than live in China |
| D．their governments have done more than Chinese government |
| A．the society can develop rapidly |
| B．young people can lead a happy life |
| C．a(chǎn)ll the young people can afford houses |
| D．the poor bachelors can become rich and enjoy their life |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
It is not unusual to see your desk-mate yawn (打呵欠) as he complains that he didn't have a good sleep the night before. Many teens don't get enough sleep because they have too much homework, which keeps them up at night. Some teens cannot sleep at night even when they want to.
Studies show that during your teenage years, the body's biological clock is reset, telling you to sleep later at night and wake up later in the morning.
But changes in the body clock aren't the only reason teens lose sleep. Lots of people have insomnia (失眠). The most common cause of insomnia is stress. But all sorts of things can lead to insomnia. These include physical discomfort, emotional troubles and even sleeping environment. It's common for everyone to have insomnia from time to time. But if it lasts for a month or more go and see a doctor.
Some people have a condition that causes stomach acid (酸) to move backward towards the chest. This produces the uncomfortable, burning feeling called heartburn. So even if the person doesn't notice the feelings of heartburn because he is sleeping, he may feel tired the next day.
Most teens have nightmares sometimes. But, if they are frequent, a person's sleep pattern can be seriously affected. The most common cause of nightmares is emotional problems, such as stress (壓力) or anxiety. If you have them a lot, it's a good idea to talk to a doctor.
Doctors encourage teens to make lifestyle changes to develop good sleeping habits. You probably know that coffee can keep you awake, but did you know that playing video games or watching TV does the same?
【小題1】The main idea of the first paragraph is ________.
| A．There is a problem that teenagers can’t get enough sleep. |
| B．Sleeping problems have different causes. |
| C．Yawning is a good way to get rid of sleep. |
| D．Teenagers care too much for homework. |
| A．easily makes teenagers lead to insomnia |
| B．is the origin of their insomnia |
| C．provides them with plenty of time at night |
| D．is helpful to improve their concentration(注意力) |
| A．It is nothing and shouldn’t be taken seriously. |
| B．It can release their stress or anxiety. |
| C．Emotional problems are the only way to form nightmares. |
| D．People will suffer from sleep if frequent. |
| A．Drinking some coffee before going to bed. |
| B．Playing video game or watching TV from time to time. |
| C．Turning to a doctor for help. |
| D．Eating much medicine for insomnia. |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Today，we are told，children don’t spend enough time in the fresh air．Many of them are addicted to a screen either on a computer or a TV—they seem to be living in a virtual world．They have lost touch with nature．
But now 400 organizations in the UK，from playgroups to the National Health Service，are encouraging children to have some“wild time”．They want kids to swap at least 30 minutes of watching TV or playing computer games for time playing outside．Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, rummaging for conkers and playing hide and seek are just some of the things kids can do. Even if they live in a city，they can go on adventures in the garden or the park．
Children often need a helping hand from mum and dad．They need to be shown what to do and where to go．Andy Simpson from National Health Service says，“We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids’ development，independence and creativity，by giving wild time a go”．
So despite the complicated world that young people grow up in now，it seems that going back to basics and experiencing“nature’s playground”is what modern children need．David Bond from Project Wild Thing says，“We need to make more space for wild time in children’s daily routine，freeing this generation of kids to have the sort of experiences that many of us took for granted”．
This might sound a bit old fashioned to you or maybe，like me，it’s made you think about sticking on your boots，getting outdoors and reliving your childhood．There’s no age limit on enjoying yourself!
【小題1】What is the best title of the text?
| A．Wild time for children | B．Benefits of wild time |
| C．More space for children | D．Adventures of children |
| A．building dens | B．climbing trees |
| C．playing hide and seek | D．watching TV |
| A．wild time is hard to design |
| B．wild time is beneficial for children |
| C．parents know the importance of wild time |
| D．parents like keeping their children indoors |
| A．Modem children need wild time． |
| B．Adults value outdoor activities． |
| C．The present world is complicated． |
| D．This generation of kids have no freedom． |
| A．people like recalling the past |
| B．it is out of date to go outdoors |
| C．it is too late for adults to enjoy nature |
| D．people at any age can enjoy wild time |
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