3．Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation（創(chuàng)新）that threatens the survival of companies everywhere．It's based on the assumption that old ideas will always work，so they shouldn't be challenged．While this may be a valid assumption in situations that don't change，it's unlikely to hold true in a changing situation．In today's rapid changing global environment，old methods often don't work，and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems．
Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security．If everyone else believes it，then it must be true．Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right，and being right is good．They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work．In 1977，Ken Olsen，co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation（DEC），stated"There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home．"Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry，DEC no longer exists．
People seem to forget that since innovation is a change，there can be no innovation without change．Unfortunately，conventional wisdom prevents leaders，followers and companies from changing and therefore innovating．If companies don't innovate，but their competitors do，the future is likely to be problematic．Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries，so it has a powerful effect on business success．
Ted Turner（founder of CNN） knew little，if anything，about the news business，but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour，as was common before CNN．Turner's solution was to create a cable channel devoted to news 24hours a day．The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time，and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day．However，it doesn't take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers don't have to watch the news all day for the CNN to work．Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information．Due to conventional thinking，the critics failed to recognize the opportunity that was clear to Ted．They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future．
Conventional wisdom prevents creativity，flexibility and risk-taking，so unconventional leaders enthusiastically break from it．To survive，boom and maintain competitive advantage，companies must be flexible when reacting to change．
32．DEC has disappeared probably becauseA．
A．the CEO stuck to the conventional ideas
B．the consumers didn't like its products
C．the leaders lacked the sense of security
D．the employees took many risks with changes
33．The founding of CNN is used as an example to proveC．
A．missing opportunities could lead to failure
B．watching news at the dinner hour is convenient
C．changing could contribute to business success
D．conventional wisdom influences business success
34．What does the underlined part probably mean？B
A．Rocket scientists can ensure the CNN works properly．
B．It's easy to know people needn't watch the news all the time．
C．It's necessary to understand when people watch the news．
D．Most of the viewers don't like to watch the news at work．
35．The passage is mainly written to tell us thatD．
A．old methods are changing with time
B．opportunities lead to business success
C．successful companies need wise leaders
D．conventional wisdom limits innovation．
分析 文章主要講述了傳統(tǒng)的思維方式會阻礙創(chuàng)新，威脅公司的長遠發(fā)展，勇于創(chuàng)新才是成功之道．
解答 32．答案A．細節(jié)理解．根據(jù)文章第二段中的They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work，可知DEC消失是由于它的領導墨守成規(guī)，不接受新的事物，故A選項的描述正確．
33．答案C．推理判斷．根據(jù)文章第四段中的The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time，and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day，可知CNN的例子是用于證明改革是可以促進一個企業(yè)的發(fā)展與成功的．故選C．
34．答案B．推理判斷．分析句意并結合常識，可知道正常的人也不會每天時時刻刻開著收音機聽新聞，結合此句的語境，可知B選項的意思正確．
35．答案D．主旨大意．縱觀全文，文章由一開頭的首句Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation that threatens the survival of companies everywhere就指出了文章的大意，主要說明了常規(guī)常態(tài)的思維妨礙與限制了創(chuàng)新，故選D．
點評 解答任務型閱讀理解題，首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意．因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應盡可能多地捕獲信息材料．其次，細讀題材，各個擊破．掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息．最后，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性．對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準．
