Question

【題目】假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下面畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

The central problem of translating has always been if to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going on until at least the first century BC. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers was preferred some kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the message rather than the form; the matter not the manner. This was the often revolution slogan of writers who wanted the truth to be read and understand. Then at the turn of 19th century, the view translation was impossible gained some currency. If attempting at all, it must be as literally as possible. This view peaked the statements of an extreme “l(fā)iteralists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nabokov. Now, the context has changed, but the basic problem remained.

Answer 1

【答案】1. if-whether

2. until-since

3. 去掉was

4. revolution-revolutionary

5. understand–understood

6. view后加that

7. attempting-attempted

8. literally-literal

9. an-the

10. remained-remains

【解析】文章介紹了翻譯過程中人們對(duì)直譯還是自由翻譯問題的不同觀點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)是要注重翻譯的精神。

1. if-whether

考查連詞 。此處為固定搭配：whether…or… 是……還是 。故if-whether.

2. until-since

考查連詞。此處指 自從至少公元前1世紀(jì)以來(lái)，這個(gè)問題就一直在爭(zhēng)論之中。表示“自從”，故 until-since.

3. 去掉was

考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意，句中主語(yǔ)many writers和動(dòng)詞prefer是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故去掉was.

4. revolution-revolutionary

考查形容詞。此處是形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞slogan，指“革命性的標(biāo)語(yǔ)”，故用形容詞revolutionary.

5. understand–understood

考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)to be和句意可知此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，用過去分詞。故understand–understood.

6. view后加that

考查引導(dǎo)詞。 view 后是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)前面的view 起到解釋說(shuō)明的作用。 從句不缺少成分， 用 that 引導(dǎo)，故view后加that.

7. attempting-attempted

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是省略：if （translation were） attempted, 邏輯主語(yǔ)是 translation，和動(dòng)詞 attempt是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞。故attempting-attempted.

8. literally-literal

考查形容詞。前面有be動(dòng)詞，后面是形容詞做表語(yǔ)，不用副詞。故literally-literal.

9. an-the

考查冠詞。此處為特指extreme “l(fā)iteralists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nabokov， 用定冠詞 the。故an-the.

10. remained-remains

考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)problem是第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞也用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故用 remains。