Take a ride on Berlin's clean city trains, and you'll notice one thing: the German capital seems to be disappearing under a tide of graffiti.

     These are almost impossible to read or are fashionable names and fantastic pictures on walls, bridges, subway trains－almost any urban surface. To some people, they're an art form with an edge. They're rebellious (叛逆的), daring and even beautiful. To others, graffiti is nothing but a disease that slowly moves into neighborhoods.

     For most officials, the root of the problem is that German law does not treat graffiti as a crime and low-cost airlines have made Berlin a center for graffiti sprayers from all over Europe.

     In Berlin, annual damage caused by graffiti is estimated at 500 million euros.50 million euros are spent on cleaning up graffiti.

     Neighboring countries have far severer graffiti laws, according to a report in the Berliner Kurier newspaper. In Sweden and Norway, repeat offenders(冒犯者) can be given prison terms of up to four years and in Denmark up to six years. And US states put repeat offenders in serious cases in prison for longer terms.

     Under current German law, graffiti is only punishable if it can be proven that the spraying itself or the removal of the graffiti resulted in damages to the surface under it.

     "We have to clearly show most young people who do this that illegal spraying is punishable," said Karin Schubert, Berlin's social democratic justice minister. If so, it could make life more difficult for Germany's estimated 8,000 active graffiti artists.

     Graffiti used to be admired, especially when it appeared on the western side of the Berlin Wall.

1．Many sprayers come to Berlin to make graffiti because________.

    A. Berlin is a center for graffiti sprayers

    B. the people there like the art of graffiti very much

    C. they will not be punished severely there for their graffiti

D. Berlin is the birthplace of graffiti

2．Graffiti sprayers will get the severest punishment in_____.

    A. Germany          B. US              C. Norway            D. Denmark

3．In the second paragraph the writer mainly wants to tell us _______.

    A. colorful graffiti is everywhere in Berlin

    B. graffiti is always hard to understand

    C. graffiti is a popular street art

    D. people's different opinions about graffiti

4．It's clear that graffiti ________.

    A. attracted many foreign tourists to Berlin

    B. brings great loss to Berlin

    C. is liked by all the young people in Berlin

    D. is ugly and unpleasant to old people

5．The best title for the passage would be_______.

    A. A Pop Art－Graffiti                B. Berlin－the Center of Graffiti                                                                                                                                                 

    C. Graffiti, Art or Disease?             D. Anti-graffiti Movement

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆山西省康杰中學(xué)高三第二次模擬考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Trying to make a big decision while you’re also preparing for a scary presentation? You might want to hold off on that. Feeling stressed changes how people weigh risk and reward. However, an article published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, suggests stressed people pay more attention to the positive sides of a possible outcome.
It’s a bit surprising that stress makes people focus on the way things could go right, says Mara Mather of the University of Southern California. She co-wrote the review paper with Nichole R.Lighthall. “This is sort of not what people would think, ” Mather says. “Stress is usually associated with negative experiences, so you’d think, maybe I’m going to be more focused on the negative outcomes.”
But researchers have found that when people are under stress, they start paying more attention to positive information and discounting negative information. “Stress seems to help people learn from positive feedback and impairs（削弱）their learning from negative feedback, ” Mather says.
When people under stress are making a difficult decision, they may pay more attention to the good sides of the alternatives they’re considering and less to the problems. So someone who’s deciding whether to take a new job and is feeling stressed by the decision might focus on the increase in salary more than the longer commute（上下班往返）.
The increased focus on the positives also helps explain why stress plays a role in addictions. People under stress have a harder time controlling their urges. “The compulsion to get that reward comes stronger and they’re less able to resist it,” Mather says. A person who’s under stress might think only about the good feelings they’ll get from a drug, while the downsides shrink into the distance.
Stress also increases the differences in how men and women think about risk. When men are under stress, they become even more willing to take risks; when women are stressed, they get more conservative(保守的). Previous research backs this up — men usually react to difficulties while trying to fight them or escape them; women try to find friends and improve their relationships.
【小題1】By saying “You might want to hold off on that” in the first paragraph, the writer suggests that      .

A．you might want to delay making your big decision
B．you should save the presentation for later
C．you should avoid taking risks
D．you might benefit from the stress
【小題2】From the article, we can conclude that stress       .
A．often leads people to take more risks
B．often leads people to make balanced decisions
C．makes people think more of negative results
D．makes people ignore the negative side of problems
【小題3】Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
A．Stress is helpful in getting rid of addictions.
B．People who are addicted to drugs are easily stressed.
C．When women are stressed, they do not tend to take risks.
D．When men are stressed, they are more likely to develop an addiction.
【小題4】What is the central theme of the article?
A．Stress can affect decision-making.
B．Stress increases our desire to get rewards.
C．We should think more about the upside of problems.
D．There is a link between stress and negative experiences.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012屆陜西省寶雞市群力中學(xué)高三第一次診斷性考試英語 題型：填空題

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下框的A-F選項(xiàng)中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。

A．Focus on your relationships．
B．Think about what to do next step．
C．Take good care of your body．
D．Try to avoid over thinking．
E．Set up a proper goal for yourself．
F．Practice acts of kindness．
Five Happiness Secrets For Tough Times
Sonja Lyubomirsky, an author, has researched the science of happiness for years．
Here are her tips to help you cope with a bad economy, and increase your bursts of happiness throughout the day．
【小題1】________
“You could spend a lot of time thinking deeply,” says Lyubomirsky．“But that just makes you feel even more pessimistic, more out of control, and affects your self esteem．Your relationships will suffer and your job performance will suffer．”
Get rid of pessimism．One of the most effective ways to cope when things are difficult is to adopt a positive thinking strategy．“What can I learn from this? Times are tough, I’ve been furloughed at work, but I can spend more time with the kids, adopt a new hobby, or learn a new set of skills．”
【小題2】________
Now more than ever we need each other to survive．Lyubomirsky found that doing good things for friends, family, or strangers can make you happier．Think of practical, everyday gestures that can make someone’s life a little bit easier．For example, Lyubomirsky says, “Maybe now many of us can’t afford to take a cab to the airport, so offer to give a friend a ride．”
【小題3】________
You don’t need an expert to tell you that relationships are critical to happiness．
Not being the bread-winner anymore or not being able to fulfill your kid’s needs can weigh down hard on your family life．But the trick is to stop feeling guilty and focus on caring for your loved ones．
“I was at a psychology conference where an expert was talking about the effects of this economy on families and how parents can’t afford to buy their kids luxuries like toys anymore,” says Lyubomirsky．“But what they don’t realize is that kids don’t care about toys — what they care about is parents being grumpy and taking it out on them．”
【小題4】________
“If you find a happy person you will find a project,” says Lyubomirsky．“Happy people all have goals they care about．”
Commit yourself to a project – whether it is a business you want to start or a dance you want to learn．But it’s also important to remember to be flexible in these times．
Don’t get frustrated if circumstances are stopping you from meeting your goals．Adopt and change!
“If your spouse has lost their job you might have to change your goal,” says Lyubomirsky．“Or you might have to learn a whole new skill for a new job．”
【小題5】________
When times are tough, it’s easy to get skip your regular workouts in favor of moping in front of the TV and eating a bag of chips．Your thinking is “I have more important things to worry about right now than looking good．”
But carve out a small part of your day to give your body some TLC．It will go a long way in boosting your happiness．“Even if you can’t afford to go to the gym,”
Lyubomirsky says, “take time out to exercise at home．”

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆新疆兵團(tuán)農(nóng)三師第一中學(xué)高二下期月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Few of us act alone in the real world. Most things are done with the help or ideas of other people. Group projects are great practice for high school, college, and real life, when you will probably have a job that requires working with others. Right now, group projects can be fun and they often allow you to do a bigger, more interesting project than you could alone. With group work, you can actually learn more in less time.

Group projects also give you a chance to get to know kids you might not otherwise know or talk with. Group projects are also a great way to practice skills you’re not so sure of. For example: working on a deadline, staying organized, or being patient. And if you’re a little nervous talking in front of a group, a joint project can help you become more comfortable with it. Maybe your group will pick you to tell the whole class about your project. If so, you’ll know your whole group is rooting for you!

One of the most important things about group work is talking and meeting together. It’s a good idea to continually check with everybody on their progress to see if anyone needs help. You might think the first step is to figure out who will do what, but actually it’s getting to know another a little. Take a few minutes to chat. Even if you know each other well, it can help to take a minute to think about your skills and share your strengths and weaknesses. The second step is to go over ground rules from your teacher and any that you want to create together as a group.

1.Group projects can give you a chance to do the following EXCEPT ________.

A．get to know more friends                 B．learn more than you do alone

C．work in an organized way                 D．get rid of shyness forever

2.The underlined phrase “root for” in the second paragraph means _______.

A．like              B．support           C．offer             D．prevent

3.What’s the purpose in checking others’ progress?

A．To learn what they will do next.

B．To find good topics to talk with them about.

C．To help them when they need help.

D．To make sure that their work is finished on time.

4. According to the passage, we can infer that _______.

A．group members should be your close friends

B．talking with group members should be the first step of group work

C．knowing persons is more important than your projects

D．rules from teachers are more important than working among group members

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年河南省沁陽市高三一�？记坝�(xùn)練英語試卷（二）（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Think about the last time you felt a negative emotion—like stress, anger, or frustration. What was going through your mind as you were going through that negativity? Was your mind cluttered with (充斥) different kinds of thoughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable to think?

The next time you find yourself in the middle of a very stressful time, or you feel angry or frustrated, stop. Yes, that’s right, stop. Whatever you’re doing, stop and sit for one minute. While you’re sitting there, completely immerse yourself in the negative emotion.

Allow that emotion to consume you. Allow yourself one minute to truly feel that emotion. Don’t cheat yourself here. Take the entire minute—but only one minute—to do nothing else but feel that emotion.

When the minute is over, ask yourself, “Am I willing to keep holding on to this negative emotion as I go through the rest of the day?”

Once you’ve allowed yourself to be totally immersed in the emotion and really feel it, you will be surprised to find that the emotion clears rather quickly.

If you feel you need to hold on to the emotion for a little longer, that is OK. Allow yourself another minute to feel the emotion.

When you feel you’ve had enough of the emotion, ask yourself if you’re willing to carry that negativity with you for the rest of the day. If not, take a deep breath. As you exhale, release all that negativity with your breath.

This exercise seems simple—almost too simple. But, it is very effective. By allowing that negative emotion the space to be truly felt, you are dealing with the emotion rather than stuffing it down and trying not to feel it. You are actually taking away the power of the emotion by giving it the space and attention it needs. When you immerse yourself in the emotion, and realize that it is only emotion, it loses its control. You can clear your head and proceed with your task.

1.What should you do when you are into negativity according to the article?

A．Listen to some music.

B．Ignore it and do something else.

C．Just do nothing and truly feel that emotion.

D．Think about it and try to deal with it immediately.

2.The underlined word “immerse” (Paragraph 2) most probably means _____.

A．break down        B．get rid of          C．cut off            D．throw into

3.What’s the best title of this text?

A．Clear Your Mental Space.

B．Deep Breath, Trouble Away.

C．Try to Avoid the Negative Emotion.

D．Keep Holding on to This Negative Emotion as Long as Possible.

4.The author’s opinion towards negative emotion is _____.

A．doubtful          B．optimistic          C．frightened         D．confused

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：遼寧省沈陽市09-10年高一下學(xué)期聯(lián)合考試（英語） 題型：閱讀理解

Life in 2060

　　Let us suppose it is now about A.D. 2060. Let’s make believe (假裝；虛構(gòu)) it is about sixty years from now. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.

　　Voyages to the moon are being made every day. It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960 to take a holiday in Europe. At a number of scenic spots on the moon, many hotels have been built. The hotels are air-conditioned, naturally. In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon, every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment (娛樂) of young and old.

　　What are people eating now? People are still eating food. They haven’t yet started to take on heir (繼承) supply of energy directly as electrical current or as nuclear power. They may some day. But many foods now come in pill form, and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.

　　Since there are several times as many people in the world today as there were a hundred years ago, most of our planet’s surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer destroyed by pests. The harvest is always good.

　　Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farm. It is possible to run the farm by just pushing a few buttons now and then.

　　People are now largely vegetarians (素食者). You see, as the number of people increases, the number of animal decreases. Therefore, the people have to be vegetarians and we are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds, and we know the causes and cure of disease and pain, and it is possible to get rid of diseases. No one has to be ill any more.

　　Such would be our life in 2060.

36. When was the passage written?

　　A. In about A.D. 2060.   B. In about 1960.

　　C. In about 2000.      D. In about 2004.

37. According to the passage, what will be on the moon in about A.D. 2060?

　　A. Many tourists.    B. Many other animals.

　　C. Many plants.     D. A sea.

38. What will people eat then according to the passage?

　　A. Biscuits in pill form.   B. Foods in pill form.

　　C. Foods in water form.   D. Foods in gas form.

39. The passage tells us that in 2060, ____ on the earth than now.

　　A. there are fewer population   B. there are more pests

　　C. there is less water       D. the crops are getting better

 

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