Question

1．下面短文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
    增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞．
    刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
    修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
    注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
    2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．
One day，I was cooking in the kitchen when the telephone rings．I went to answer them immediately．It was from the one of my close friends，Lisa．When we were talked on the phone，the fire alarm sounded．I ran back to the kitchen，．The room was full of smoke but the beef was badly burnt．I quickly turned off the gas，opening all the windows，and then went out the house．To my surprise，two fire engine were outside my house．I was rather worried．I told the firemen it was my careless cooking which caused the heavy smoke and that I would be carefully later．

Answer 1

分析 一天，我在廚房做飯時，電話響了，我便立刻去接電話，是我的一位朋友Lisa打來的．當我們在電話里正說著話的時候，火警報警器響了．我跑回到廚房，發(fā)現(xiàn)滿屋子都是煙，牛肉也被嚴重燒焦了．我迅速關(guān)掉燃氣，打開所有窗戶，然后從屋子里出去．令我吃驚地是，有兩輛消防車停在了我家的外面．我心里很著急，告訴消防員是我做飯時粗心引起的濃煙，今后我會小心的．

解答 One day，I was cooking in the kitchen when the telephone rings．
                                                                                      rang   
I went to answer them immediately．It was from the one of my
                          it                                           去掉the  
close friends，Lisa．When we weretalkedon the phone，
                                                     talking
the fire alarm sounded．I ran back to the kitchen．
The room was full of smokebutthe beef was badly burnt．
                                        and
I quickly turned off the gas，opening all the windows，
                                            opened 
and then went out∧the house．To my surprise，
                         of
two fire enginewere outside my house．I was rather worried．
             engines
I told the firemen it was my careless cooking which caused 
                                                                  that  
the heavy smoke and that I would be carefully later．
                                                        careful 
1．將rings改為rang    考查時態(tài)     由于這里講述的在過去的某一天發(fā)生的事情，故此處應(yīng)使用一般過去時rang
2．將them改為it    考查人稱代詞   根據(jù)上文"電話鈴響了"可知，此處的意思應(yīng)是：我立即去接電話；故將them改為it 來代指電話  
3．去掉the   考查冠詞的用法    根據(jù)句意可知，此處的one of 指的是"…中之一"，并不表示特指；故去掉定冠詞the  
4．將talked改為talking   考查時態(tài)   根據(jù)句意"當我們在電話里正說著話的時候，火警報警器響了．"并結(jié)合上文可知，此處指的是那天正打電話時發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)使用過去進行時；主語we與動詞talk是主謂關(guān)系，不應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)；故將talked改為talking  
5．將but改為and     考查連詞的用法     由于"The room was full of smoke滿屋子都是煙"與"the beef was badly burnt牛肉被嚴重燒焦"之間是并列關(guān)系，并非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；故將but改為and    
6．將opening改為opened      考查謂語動詞的用法     根據(jù)句意可知，本句講的是當時一連串的動作：迅速關(guān)掉燃氣，打開所有窗戶，然后從屋子里出去；此處在句中作并列謂語，而不是狀語；故用過去式即將opening改為opened     
7．在out之后加of    考查固定短語          固定短語go out of"從…出去"；此處的意思是"從屋子里出去"；故在out之后加of    
8．將engine改為engines     考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)   根據(jù)該句前面的two可知，此處指的是兩輛消防車，engine為可數(shù)名詞；故將engine改為engines    
9．將which改為that     考查強調(diào)句    根據(jù)句意可知，本句是強調(diào)句"It+be+強調(diào)部分+that/who…"，強調(diào)部分是"my careless cooking"表示行為，并非強調(diào)人；故用that
10．將carefully改為careful     考查形容詞的用法     此處用來描述主語I的情況，故用形容詞careful

點評 短文改錯是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題，主要考查學生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力．錯誤類型一般有：缺詞、多詞和錯詞．常見的錯誤有：1 詞法錯誤，主要包括動詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此類試題時，需要正確分析句子成分，熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常見句法錯誤．通常表現(xiàn)為簡單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強調(diào)句等錯誤．解答此類試題時，需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法．3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下，進行作答．