Question

【題目】How to Make Small Talk

There’s nothing small about small talk. Many great friendships and relationships have started with small talk. Small talk helps you build a meaningful relationship with a person. 【1】If you want to know how to master small talk, just follow these steps.

【2】 If you want to make a person feel comfortable, the best thing to do is to have an ＂open attitude＂ and to direct your body toward that person without being too forceful. Just make eye contact, don’t cross your arms, and face your shoulders toward that person. This will make the person feel like you’re giving him all of your attention.

Put away your phone. There’s nothing more annoying than talking to a person who is constantly checking his cellphone.

Though you should look eager to talk to the person, don’t look too eager. Don’t lean(倚靠) so close that you scare him away. 【3】

Give a friendly greeting. If you’re seeing someone you already know, just say hello and greet her by her name, ＂Hi, Jen, it’s good to see you.＂【4】 If you don’t know the person, introduce yourself first so you feel more confident and in control of the conversation.

【5】 Just a simple ＂I love your shoes — where did you get them?＂ can get you into a fun conversation about shoe shopping. Even if the praise(稱贊) doesn’t lead anywhere, it will still make the person feel more appreciated before you start discussing other subjects.

A. Have friendly body language.

B. Start with a small compliment.

C. Focus your attention on their shoes.

D. Many people are turned off by a close-talker.

E. It also benefits you in the professional world.

F. You will feel uncomfortable when close to others.

G. This is simple and direct and lets the person know you’re excited to talk.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】A

【3】D

【4】G

【5】B

【解析】閑聊是一種重要的交際活動(dòng)，它有助于人們與他人建立起一段有意義的關(guān)系，但閑聊也需要技巧。

【1】E

考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上文談到了閑聊可以“helps you build a meaningful relationship”，而E項(xiàng)“It also benefits you in the professional world.”與此對應(yīng)，故選E項(xiàng)，說明閑聊的好處。

【2】A

考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。從文章的結(jié)構(gòu)分析，本空應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇一個(gè)主題句。下文中的“…eye contact, don’t cross your arms”等都是肢體語言，因此選A項(xiàng)“要有友好的肢體語言”符合語境。

【3】D

考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上文中的“Don’t lean(倚靠) so close that you scare him away.”說明不要過分靠近別人，你會把人嚇跑的。而D項(xiàng)（近距離交談會使許多人感到厭煩的）符合語境，故選D項(xiàng)。

【4】G

考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上文舉例說明，遇到認(rèn)識的人要主動(dòng)向他人問候，G項(xiàng)中的This指代上文的例子，“lets the person know you’re excited to talk.”說明與他人打招呼的好處。故選G項(xiàng)。

【5】B

考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本句是尾段的主題句，尾段舉的例子“I love your shoes—where did you get them?”都是如何開始一次small talk的例句，故選B項(xiàng)。

該題型對學(xué)生的考察能力總體從兩個(gè)方面來考察；第一，把握整篇文章的布局和邏輯層次關(guān)系。第二把握微觀信息間關(guān)聯(lián)性。（即空格前后句間關(guān)系。該題型選項(xiàng)大致可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容），過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。正確的解題思路分為兩步：

（1）首當(dāng)其沖看首段，跳過空格快速通讀全篇，了解文章大意。

（2）精讀空格前后兩句，利用各種銜接手段選擇正確的選項(xiàng)填入空格。由于七選五空出的是整個(gè)句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，因此我們可以通過選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來確定這兩個(gè)句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。如第2小題，下文中的“...eye contact, don’t cross your arms”等都是肢體語言，因此選A項(xiàng)“要有友好的肢體語言”符合語境。

（3）看選項(xiàng)，找出與空前空后句中心詞同義、近義或相關(guān)性的詞語。實(shí)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞的對接，先易后難，各個(gè)突破。此外要通過句子的邏輯關(guān)系或句子的標(biāo)點(diǎn)來判斷該句在文章的位置。通過閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出跟其他選項(xiàng)完全不同意思的句子，這樣我們就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：復(fù)現(xiàn)，包括同義反復(fù)，反義反復(fù)。如第5小題

（4）解題的關(guān)鍵是能嫻熟地利用各種銜接手段。尤其要注意代詞，連詞等。如表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but，though, however 等。如第１小題運(yùn)用but表示前后的轉(zhuǎn)折。因果關(guān)系如so.because, therefore 等，如第5小題，使用了一個(gè)even if來作假設(shè)。