12.When we think someone is smart,we say they have a big brain.But are there any facts to prove that statement?
Yes!In a new study done by Michael McDaniel,a psychologist at Virginia
Commonwealth University,bigger does mean smarter."For all ages and sex groups,"he says,"it is now very clear that intelligence has something to do with brain volume(容量)."
McDaniel reached his conclusion after measuring the size and volume of 26brains with the help of some instruments.He then used standard IQ tests to measure the intelligence of the owners of these brains.
But do IQ tests really reveal intelligence?McDaniel believes that they do,and here are other studies to back up that point of view.One study last year found that IQ is related to the amount and distribution(分布)of gray matter in the brain.The study showed that the amount of gray matter in certain places was strongly related to high IQ.The distribution of gray matter in the brain,which is different for different people,could explain why one person with a high IQ is good at math but poor at spelling,while someone else with the same IQ has just the opposite ability.
Yet another recent study found that women have more gray matter(compared with white matter) than men!However,the study also showed that in the areas of the brain specifically(特別地) related to intelligence,men had much more gray matter,which is needed for some tasks,such as doing a math problem.Women,on the other hand,had more white matter,which is necessary for collecting information.And the point is that intelligence can be influenced in different ways.
"On average,"McDaniel says,"smarter people learn more quickly,make fewer mistakes,and are more productive."He believes in the use of IQ tests to examine those who want to find a job.So,be well,do good work,and…exercise that brain!
8.What does Michael McDaniel's new study prove?B
A.Women have more white matter than men.
B.The bigger the brain is,the cleverer the person is.
C.IQ has nothing to do with the amount of gray matter.
D.The brain is filled with large amounts of gray matter.
9.The underlined phrase"back up"in Paragraph 4meansD.
A.express   B.share   C.change   D.support
10.What can we learn from the text?D
A.Men are smarter than women.
B.Age has an influence on one's intelligence.
C.McDaniel suggests people do more IQ tests.
D.People with the same IQ may have different abilities
11.The author thinks Michael McDaniel's study isC.
A.crazy   B.difficult   C.correct  D.subjective (主觀的)

分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀,作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了Michael McDaniel的新研究證明了大腦越大,人就越聰明,但相同智商的人可能有不同的能力.

解答 8.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段Commonwealth University,bigger does mean smarter."For all ages and sex groups,"he says,"it is now very clear that intelligence has something to do with brain volume可知Michael McDaniel的新研究證明了大腦越大,人就越聰明;故選B.
9.D.詞義猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)文章McDaniel believes that they do,and here are other studies to back up that point of view可知麥克丹尼爾認(rèn)為,他們這樣做,這是其他的研究支持這一觀點(diǎn);意為支持;故選D.
10.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第五段The distribution of gray matter in the brain,which is different for different people,could explain why one person with a high IQ is good at math but poor at spelling,while someone else with the same IQ has just the opposite ability可知相同智商的人可能有不同的能力;故選D.
11.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)最后一段So,be well,do good work,and…exercise that brain!可知作者認(rèn)為Michael McDaniel的研究很正確;故選C.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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