Question

【題目】請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。 注意:請(qǐng)將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。

A psychotherapist once taught me a little trick that helped me feel less angry at my partner and less sad about the failings of our relationship.

She said, "Look at him and imagine him as a very little boy; that way, you separate yourself somewhat from the adult, and you are likely to understand and forgive him."

It actually helped. I couldn't be as mad at or disappointed by a child as I could be with a grown man. So, at least on some occasions, we were both spared the heartache of an uncomfortable silence or a not-so-silent argument. And I sometimes still use versions of that trick whenever I feel frustrated or angry in other relationships or personal exchanges.

But what if you could mentally change the form of the emotion itself? According to scientists at the University of Texas, maybe you can.

Focusing specifically on sadness, the researchers asked two groups of study participants to write about a time in their lives when they felt very sad. They then asked one group to imagine sadness as a person, and write down a description of the person they imagined would be sadness. Not surprisingly, the participants described sadness in such ways as an older person with gray hair and sunken eyes or a young girl holding her head down as she slowly walked along.

The researchers asked the other group of participants to write down a description of sadness with respect to its impact on their moods. When asked to rate their levels of sadness after completing their descriptions, the participants who wrote about the emotion itself and how it affects them reported higher levels of sadness than the group that anthropomorphized (人格化)sadness into a specific type of person with familiar human characteristics. The researchers suggest that by giving life to the emotion, participants can view sadness as something (or someone) separate and somewhat distant from themselves, helping them relieve their negative feelings.

While it's okay to feel sad, many people behave in unconscious and sometimes self-destructive ways to distract or "save" themselves when they are consumed by negative emotions. So in the study authors wanted to know whether or not the group that reported feeling less sad would make smarter shopping decisions.

They tested this by asking participants in both groups to first choose between a salad or a cheesecake dessert to go with the main dish they were having for lunch. The researchers also asked participants to choose between a computer loaded with features for productivity or a computer loaded with features for entertainment. Those study participants who had anthropomorphized their emotions were more likely to choose the salad and the productive computer than those who had simply written about their feelings.

For obvious reasons, then, they say this technique is best for reduce negative emotions.

A Little Trick to Help You Feel 【1】Sad
Passage outlines	Supporting details
The writer's experience	When he was angry with his partner, the writer was able to improve his mood by 【2】 his partner as a little boy, which is sometimes 【3】to both sides.
This trick can mentally change the form of people's emotion	It is no【4】that the study participants tend to picture sadness as an older person or an unhappy girl. The participants who describe their emotion as a person have a 【5】level of sadness than those who merely describe their emotion itself.
This trick can 【6】people's consumption decisions	When lost in negative emotions, people may lose 【7】of themselves and behave in self-destructive ways. Participants who give 【8】to the emotion prefer salad while those who don't choose food 【9】in sugar and caloric.
【10】	This little trick can help people reduce negative feelings.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Less

【2】imagining

【3】beneficial/helpful

【4】surprise

【5】lower

【6】affect/influence/impact

【7】control

【8】life

【9】rich/high/abundant

【10】Conclusion

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了緩解悲傷情緒的方法——將悲傷的情緒具體化，但要將悲傷的情緒與相應(yīng)的人分割開。同時(shí)文章中還介紹了一些實(shí)驗(yàn)，要求實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象將自己悲傷的情緒想象成一個(gè)人，并賦予這個(gè)“人”以生命，從而達(dá)到減輕悲傷情緒的目的。

【1】文中第一段提到“a little trick that helped me feel less angry at my partner and less sad about the failings of our relationship.”心理治療師告訴了作者一個(gè)幫助自己對(duì)父母不那么生氣以及對(duì)關(guān)系不那么難過的方法。文章第一段為主旨段，提取關(guān)鍵詞less。在做文章標(biāo)題時(shí)應(yīng)注意大寫。故填Less。

【2】根據(jù)第二段“Look at him and imagine him as a very little boy;”可知應(yīng)填imagine，但by為介詞，后接動(dòng)詞ing形式，故填imagining。

【3】第三段we were both spared the heartache of an uncomfortable silence or a not-so-silent argument. 可知。我們都可以免于一個(gè)不舒服沉默帶來的心痛或不那么沉默帶來的爭(zhēng)論。be spared of意為幸免于，即對(duì)雙方都有好處或益處。故填beneficial/helpful。

【4】第五段提到Not surprisingly, the participants described sadness in such ways 可知，毫無意外的是，參與者用那樣的方式描述了悲傷。Not surprisingly=It is no surprise that。故填surprise。

【5】第六段提到the participants who wrote about the emotion itself --- reported higher level of sadness than --描述情緒本身的參與者有著更高層次的悲傷，因此與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的，將悲傷描述成一個(gè)人的，悲傷的層次較低。故填lower。

【6】倒數(shù)第二段Those study participants who had anthropomorphized their emotions were more likely to choose the salad and the productive computer than those who had simply written about their feelings.接受了心理治療的參與者更有可能選擇沙拉作為作為主菜，且會(huì)選擇裝有工具性軟件的電腦，說明心理治療會(huì)對(duì)參與者造成影響，故填affect/influence/impact。

【7】倒數(shù)第三段提到While it's okay to feel sad, many people behave in unconscious and--可知。當(dāng)沉浸在悲傷里時(shí)，很多人就會(huì)表現(xiàn)的無意識(shí)，即失去了對(duì)自己的控制。故先control。

【8】根據(jù)anthropomorphized一詞，及第六段最后一句提到The researchers suggest that by giving life to the emotion, participants can view sadness as something (or someone) separate and somewhat distant from themselves, helping them relieve their negative feelings.通過將情緒賦予生命，參與者可以將悲傷從別的事情中分離開來，幫助他們減少負(fù)面情緒。故填life。

【9】由倒數(shù)第二段的choose between a salad or a cheesecake dessert 可知，這些都是高甜、高熱量的食物，故填rich/high/abundant。

【10】最后一段提到For obvious reasons, then, they say this technique is best for reduce negative emotions.這樣的方式是減低負(fù)面情緒最好的方法。最后一段是對(duì)整篇文章的歸納總結(jié)，故填Conclusion。