Question

【題目】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per night in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged eight hours or more, a new study found．

Researchers used frequent telephone interviews to track the sleep habits of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the last few weeks．Then they exposed the subjects to the virus, quarantined（檢疫隔離）them for five days and kept track of who got sick．

Besides sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to help the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure known as “sleep efficiency”—the percentage of time in bed that you’re actually sleeping—were also less likely to get sick．

The results held true even after researchers adjusted for elements such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies（抗體）to the virus．

The researchers aren’t exactly sure why sleeping better makes you less likely to develop a cold．But they do try to give an answer: “Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of symptom mediators（調(diào)節(jié)因子）that are released in response to infection．” In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you’re infected with the cold virus contributes to the symptoms that define a cold．

The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health．

【1】According to the passage, what does the underlined word “subjects” mean in paragraph 2?

A．a(chǎn)reas of knowledge in a school

B．people being studied in an experiment

C．research topics

D．a(chǎn)nimals being tested

【2】It is shown in the passage that _______．

A．the researchers obtain information about the sleep habits by frequent interviews

B．the researchers do their research in the National Institutes of Health

C．people hope to avoid being infected with a cold by sleeping as much as possible

D．sleeping more and better helps regulate the symptom mediators

【3】What’s the best title of the passage?

A．The Relationship Between Virus and Cold

B．How to Sleep Well

C．Good Sleep Helps Fight a Cold

D．The More the Sleep, the Better Your Body

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【解析】

試題分析：文章是一篇調(diào)查研究，即一周平均每天睡眠少于7個(gè)小時(shí)患病毒感冒的幾率是睡眠8小時(shí)或更多的3倍，文章引導(dǎo)了人們的健康生活方式。

【1】B 本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)原文Researchers used frequent telephone interviews to track the sleep habits of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the last few weeks．研究者為了確保調(diào)查的真實(shí)性和科學(xué)性，于是就電話追蹤了受訪者，對(duì)他們進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)上的記錄，所以選擇B。

【2】D 本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)原文Besides sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to help the body fight illness可以直接得出D項(xiàng)是正確的。

【3】C 本題考查主旨要義。文章以睡眠時(shí)間引入話題，說(shuō)明了睡眠時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短對(duì)人們身體健康的直接影響，所以選擇C項(xiàng)。