The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?

　　Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.

　　The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is very positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your stupid friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.

　　In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”

　　Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.

　　The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治療) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.

1.What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?

　 A. It has produced positive results.

　 B. It is a highly profitable industry.

　 C. It is based on the concept of positive thinking.

　 D. It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.

2. What does the word “underline” mean (Line 4, Para. 3)?

　 A. point out        B. lay emphasis on     C. pay no attention to    D. take for granted

3.Which of the following is TRUE about the Canadian researchers’ study?

　 A. Encouraging positive thinking many do more good than harm.

   B. Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one’s mood.

   C. There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.

   D. Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.

4.What do we learn from the last paragraph?

　 A. Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.

　 B. People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.

　 C. Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.

　 D. The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.

 

【答案】

 

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

【解析】略

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年湖北省荊州市畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢查（Ⅱ）英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空

At the age of 11, Peter Lynch started caddying(當(dāng)球童) at Brae Burn Country Club in Newton, Mass. “It was better than a newspaper carrier, and much more profitable,” the Fidelity vice chairman recalls. He kept it up during the summers for almost a decade. “You get to know the course and can give the golf players advice about how to approach various holes,” he says. “Where else, at age 15 or 16, can you serve as a trusted adviser to high-powered people?”

One of those people was George Sullivan, then president of Fidelity’s funds, who was so impressed with Lynch’s smarts that he hired him in 1966. “There were about 75 applicants for 3 job openings,” Lynch says now. “But I was the only one who had caddied for the president for 10 years.”

In between caddying and managing money, Lynch went to Boston College on a scholarship from a program called the Francis Ouimet Fund. Named after the 1913 winner of the U.S. Open, the fund launched in 1949 which is open to Massachusetts kids only. Ouimet executive director Robert Donovan says, “Help with college is a logical extension of friendly relation between golfers and their favorite caddies, because there is a close tie to train up them to be excellent that happens between the players and the kids who carry their golf poles. And for the teens, caddying is all about being around successful role models.”

It is obvious that caddies who are finally successful include all kinds of outstanding personnel, from actor Bill Murray, to New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman, to former GE chairman and CEO Jack Welch.

Of course, the great number of financial giants who caddied in their youth might be coincidence, but Dick Connolly thinks not. “Caddying life teaches you a lot about business, and about life,” he says. “You learn to show up early and look people in the eye when you shake their hand, and you learn how to read people -- including who’s likely to cheat and who isn’t.” Connolly is a longtime investment advisor at Morgan Stanley’s Boston office, a former Ouimet scholarship student and, along with Peter Lynch and Roger Altman, one of the program’s biggest supporters. He wants to share the most important lesson he learned on the links, so he says: “One golfer I caddied for told me that if you want to succeed in any field -- golf or business -- you have to spend a lot of lonely hours, either practicing or working, when you’d rather be partying with your friends. That’s true, and it stuck with me.”

 1.Which of the following may Peter Lynch agree about caddying?

A. He could have a relaxing job as a caddie.

B. He could make more money from the golf players.　　

C. His duty was to advise the players how to play golf.

D. His caddying experiences contributed to his later career.

2.Why was the Francis Ouimet Fund set up to support Massachusetts kids only?

A. Because of the advice from the rich golf players.

B. Because of those giants with caddying experiences.

C. Because of the great success the caddies have achieved.

D. Because of the friendly relation between golfers and their caddies.

3.According to Dick Connolly, caddying experience in your youth_____.

A. helps you learn to live with loneliness

B. teaches you a lot about business and life

C. makes it possible to meet with great people

D. offers you chances to communicate with others

4.Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?

A. Legend of Peter Lynch.

B. An introduction of Golf Caddying.

C. Golf Caddying into Future Success.

D. Five Giants with Caddying Experiences.

 

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I keep a two dollar bill in my wallet that was given to me by my mother when I was six years old.

The  31  goes with me wherever I go. My mother gave it to me so that  32  would follow me. She looked at me and said, “I want you to carry this two dollar bill for extra good luck.”

“Thanks, mom,” I replied, “I will keep it  33  to me always.”

My mother passed away when I was seven years old. I remember I took out my two dollar bill and held it in my hand for the longest time, knowing that she would  34  me the rest of my life.

Each time I felt I had a crisis, I would  35  for my two dollar bill and set it on the table. I would  36  at it for several hours and could always  37  a solution. When I applied for my first job, I was thirty years old and very shy. The thought of being interviewed for a job was  38  but I had to work. I saw one of the interviewers well dressed with  39  purse and shoes. I also knew the chance of being chosen was  40  when looking at the length of others’ resumes.

“What makes you feel you are  41  for this job?” The well－dressed woman asked. “I really need this job and there is nothing I can not do” I responded. She then asked me a series of questions and the interview was over. As I left, I  42  and said “Please give me a chance. I learn quickly and can be a very  43  member of your team.”

I went home,  44 . That evening I received a phone call. “Gina” she said, “we decided to give you a chance to  45  yourself.” “Thank you, you will not regret this decision.” I  46  the phone and yelled. At that instant, I remember my mom once said to us “You are  47  in my mind. Don’t  48  failure. It is a way to get us to try harder.”

How  49  this gift from Mom! It had built up  50  in me.

1.                A．money         B．check          C．bill  D．paper

 

2.                A．luck           B．happiness       C．wealth   D．wisdom

 

3.                A．close          B．near           C．hard D．firm

 

4.                A．look out for     B．watch over      C．see to    D．come across

 

5.                A．get            B．stretch         C．hold D．reach

 

6.                A．stare           B．glance          C．observe  D．glare

 

7.                A．come up with    B．put forward      C．set up    D．pull through

 

8.                A．exciting        B．a(chǎn)mazing         C．nervous  D．scary

 

9.                A．suitable        B．matching        C．fancy D．exaggerating（夸張的）

 

10.               A．slim           B．terrible         C．few  D．a(chǎn)bundant

 

11.               A．born           B．qualified        C．stable D．grateful

 

12.               A．turned around   B．turned back     C．put up D．raise up

 

13.               A．productive      B．a(chǎn)dditional       C．concise（簡潔）    D．effective

 

14.               A．terrified        B．exhausted      C．sound D．cautious

 

15.               A．test           B．challenge       C．prove D．strengthen

 

16.               A．hung up        B．got through     C．set aside   D．got off

 

17.               A．brilliant        B．a(chǎn)wesome       C．careful    D．unbelievable

 

18.               A．stand          B．bend          C．fear  D．ruin

 

19.               A．rare           B．special         C．relative   D．primary

 

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    閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

When one takes shoes to a shop to be mended, he is given a ticket with a number on it. Then,  1  his shoes are ready, he goes back to the shop, gives the ticket to the shoemaker, gets his shoes and  2  for them.

One day Mrs Smith gave her husband a pair of her shoes which needed  3  and asked him to  4  them to the shop. Mr Smith did so, and put the  5  for them in his pocket.

He went back four days  6  to get the shoes,  7  when he went into the shop, he was not able to find his ticket  8 , and the shoemaker did not want to give him the  9  until he got the ticket. “How do I know that the shoes are  10  unless you give me the ticket?” he said. “If I give them to you now, somebody  11  may come into my shop with the ticket tomorrow, and then I shan’t be able to give him the shoes.” Mrs Smith needed the shoes very much, so her husband  12  for a moment and then went out to his  13 , which was at the side of the road  14  the shop. He   _15  the door, and whistled（耳語）to his wife’s small  16 , which was sitting on the back seat. Then he went back into the shop with the dog and  _17  it, “Get the shoes!” the dog began to  18  around the shop, and soon it found Mrs Smith’s shoes and brought one of them to Mr Smith, then the  19 . “That should prove（證明）that they are my wife’s,.” said Mr Smith. The shoemaker  20 . Then he gave the shoes to Mr Smith.

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⒉ A. cares       B. looks    C. pays     D. waits

⒊ A. making    B. mending       C. buying D. selling

⒋ A. show       B. change         C. find       D. take

⒌ A. ticket       B. paper   C. bill        D. list

⒍ A. late B. later     C. ago       D. long

⒎ A. or    B. because       C. and       D. but

⒏ A. with his son    B. again   C. in his office  D. slowly

⒐ A. shoes      B. idea      C. dog       D. answer

⒑ A. black        B. beautiful      C. yours   D. whose

⒒ A. old  B. young  C. other   D. else

⒓ A. worried   B. stood   C. thought        D. hoped

⒔ A. car  B. bus       C. boat     D. train

⒕ A. inside      B. round   C. up         D. outside

⒖ A. opened   B. closed  C. broke   D. built

⒗ A. clock        B. dog       C. hen       D. cat

⒘ A. talked      B. replied C. answered    D. said to

⒙ A. hear         B. taste    C. smell    D. see

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    As the 2 for the Olympics neared, it became clear that Bill’s wife would give 3  to their first child at about the same time, so Bill  4  himself in a dilemma（左右為難的困境）．Should he go to Paris or should he stay at home with his family and  5  about the Olympics? After all, competing in the Olympics was one of his lifelong  6 .

Bill, after a great deal of thinking, decided to withdraw from the competition.

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    There was a（n） 16  end to Bill’s story. The child  17  born to Bill and his wife was a boy whom they  18  Frank. Twenty-eight years later, in 1952, Bill  19  a telegram from Frank. It was sent from Helsinki, Finland, where the 1952 Olympics were being held. The telegram  20 :“Dad, I won. I’m bringing home the gold medal you lost the chance to win while waiting for me to be born.”

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2．A．year                     B．deadline                 C．time                   D．chance

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4．A．found                   B．put                       C．thought              D．trapped

5．A．expect                  B．compete                C．comment            D．forget

6．A．promises              B．dreams                  C．journeys             D．businesses

7．A．What                   B．As                        C．So                     D．That

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12．A．did                     B．paid                      C．made                 D．lost

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完形填空

At the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris, the sports of canoe (劃船) racing was added to the list of international competition. The 1team in the four-man canoe race was the United States team. One member of that team was a young man named Bill Havens.
As the time for the Olympics 2, it became clear that Bill’s wife would give birth to their first child at about the 3that the U.S. team would be competing in the Pairs games. In 1924 there were no planes form Paris to the United States, only 4ships. Bill found himself in a dilemma (左右為難的困境).
Bill’s wife insisted that he go to Paris. 5, competing in the Olympics was a lifelong dream. But Bill felt 6and, after much soul-searching, decided to remain home, where he could 7his wife when the child arrived. He considered being at her 8his highest priority (優(yōu)先考慮的事), even higher than going to Paris to fulfill his 9.
The team won the gold medal in Paris. And Bill’s wife was 10 in giving birth to their child. 11, Bill could have competed in the event and returned home 12to be with he when she gave birth.
People said, “What a shame!” But Bill said he had no 13. For the rest of his life, he 14he had made the better decision.
Bill Havens knew what was most important to him. Not everybody 15that out. Not everybody has the strength to say no to something he or she truly 16 in order to say yes to something that truly 17. Peace begins to 18our lives when we learn to say yes to the things that really matter.
Twenty eight years later, Bill 19 a telegram. It was from Finland, where the 1952 Olympics were being held. The telegram read, “Dad, I won. I’m bringing home the gold medal you 20while waiting for me to be born.”

  1. 1.
    1. A.
      new
    2. B.
      favorite
    3. C.
      special
    4. D.
      weak
  2. 2.
    1. A.
      arrived
    2. B.
      passed
    3. C.
      neared
    4. D.
      ended
  3. 3.
    1. A.
      moment
    2. B.
      opportunity
    3. C.
      time
    4. D.
      promise
  4. 4.
    1. A.
      fast
    2. B.
      old
    3. C.
      small
    4. D.
      slow
  5. 5.
    1. A.
      In all
    2. B.
      After all
    3. C.
      As a result
    4. D.
      As usual
  6. 6.
    1. A.
      honored
    2. B.
      worried
    3. C.
      conflicted
    4. D.
      delighted
  7. 7.
    1. A.
      persuade
    2. B.
      accompany
    3. C.
      support
    4. D.
      satisfy
  8. 8.
    1. A.
      place
    2. B.
      side
    3. C.
      door
    4. D.
      mercy
  9. 9.
    1. A.
      duty
    2. B.
      promise
    3. C.
      dream
    4. D.
      demand
  10. 10.
    1. A.
      favoring
    2. B.
      successful
    3. C.
      safe
    4. D.
      late
  11. 11.
    1. A.
      In addition
    2. B.
      For example
    3. C.
      In fact
    4. D.
      At last
  12. 12.
    1. A.
      on time
    2. B.
      in time
    3. C.
      on purpose
    4. D.
      in need
  13. 13.
    1. A.
      judgments
    2. B.
      excuse
    3. C.
      choices
    4. D.
      regrets
  14. 14.
    1. A.
      believed
    2. B.
      wished
    3. C.
      wondered
    4. D.
      proved
  15. 15.
    1. A.
      puts
    2. B.
      takes
    3. C.
      figures
    4. D.
      gives
  16. 16.
    1. A.
      trusts
    2. B.
      wants
    3. C.
      understands
    4. D.
      respects
  17. 17.
    1. A.
      matters
    2. B.
      happens
    3. C.
      appears
    4. D.
      continues
  18. 18.
    1. A.
      turn into
    2. B.
      look into
    3. C.
      settle on
    4. D.
      rely on
  19. 19.
    1. A.
      discovered
    2. B.
      wrote
    3. C.
      sent
    4. D.
      received
  20. 20.
    1. A.
      grasped
    2. B.
      offered
    3. C.
      took
    4. D.
      lost

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