Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled—to $1. 01 per pack—smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.

This is not a surprise to public health advocates（擁護者）They’ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase.

The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.

In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost ＄10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. In Charleston, S. C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation, the price was $4. 78.

The influence is obvious.

In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys—13.8%, far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records.

Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.”

That’s true. But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place. As for today’s adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.

49. The text is mainly about ________.

A. the price of cigarettes                     B. the rate of teen smoking

C. the effect of tobacco tax increase            D. the differences in tobacco tax rate

50. The underlined word "deter” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.

A. discourage         B. remove            C. benefit            D. free 

51. Rogers’ attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of ________.

A. tolerance          B. unconcern          C. doubt             D. sympathy

52. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.

B. Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.

C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking.

D. Adults will depend more on their families.

49 - 52.  CADA       

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Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled—to $1. 01 per pack—smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.  
This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They’ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase.  
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely. 
In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost ＄10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. Charleston, S, C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation. The price was $4. 78.  
The influence is obvious.  
In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys—13.8%, far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records.  
Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.”  
That’s true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place, As for today’s adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.  
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B. Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.  
C. Tobacco taxes improve public health.  
D. Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.  
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Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled－to $1.01 per pack－smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.

This is not a surprise to public health advocates.They've studied the effect of state tax increases for years，finding that smokers，especially teens，are price sensitive.Nor is it a shock to the industry，which fiercely fights every tax increase.

The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.Tobacco taxes improve public health，they raise money and most particularly，they deter people from taking up the habit as teens，which is when nearly all smokers are addicted.Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.

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Hal Rogers，Representative from Kentucky，like those who are against high tobacco taxes，argues that the burden of the tax falls on low?income Americans “who choose to smoke.”

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完形填空（共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分）

從A.B.C.D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

    In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment．There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be   31   ．

    Today things are   32   , the world has become too   33   ．We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are   34   our environment with dangerous chemicals．If we continue to do this, human life on the earth   35   survive．

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    We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, fish will die． 41  , in most countries wastes are   42   put into rivers or into the sea, and there are   43   laws to stop this．

    We know, too, that if the   44   of the world continues to rise at the present rate , in a few years there will not be enough   45   ．What can we do to solve these problems?

    If we eat more vegetables and less   46   ,there will be more food available for everyone．Land that is used to grow crops   47   five times more people than land where animals are kept．

    Our natural resources will    48    longer if we learn to recyclethem．

    The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth  49  ．

    Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner   50    in the future．

1.A．beautiful          B．unlimited        C．unusual          D．valuable

2.A．common             B．the same         C．changeable       D．different

3.A．crowded            B．small            C．dirty            D．busy

4.A．protecting         B．saving           C．polluting        D．fighting

5.A．may not            B．will not         C．shall not        D．could not

6.A．wonders            B．realizes         C．considers        D．discovers

7.A．poles              B．boats            C．methods          D．ideas

8.A．mountains          B．the sea          C．trees            D．forests

9.A．continue           B．have             C．ought            D．go on

10.A．grow              B．plant            C．save             D．cut down

11.A．Thus              B．However          C．Generally        D．Therefore

12.A．still             B．even             C．a(chǎn)lso             D．certainly

13.A．many              B．none             C．some             D．few

14.A．production        B．pollution        C．population       D．development

15.A．houses            B．vegetables       C．food             D．places

16.A．fruit             B．meat             C．fish             D．grain

17.A．feeds             B．increases        C．supplies         D．helps

18.A．use               B．stay             C．keep             D．last

19.A．control           B．born             C．plan             D．pay

20.A．nature            B．sea              C．planet           D．forest

 

 

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