The National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., is one of the world’s greatest art museums. Millions of people have entered its doors to see paintings by the world’s fine artists. But if these priceless masterpieces are to be preserved, the Gallery must protect them carefully. The Gallery’s 135-man guard force has successfully prevented them from being stolen, but protecting the paintings from nature is a greater problem.
In past times, the owners of paintings did not protect them from damaging changes in humidity(濕度)and temperature. As a result, the life of these paintings were shortened. In the National Gallery, however, humidity and temperature are carefully controlled. The building is air-conditioned in summer and heated in winter. The air-conditioning and heating system are so important to the life of the painting that the Gallery has two of each system. If one should fail, the extra one can take over.
Light is another enemy of paintings. Ultraviolet rays(紫外線)in light cause paintings to fade(褪色). Long ago, paintings often hung in dark churches and palaces. A coat of varnish(清漆)was a protection from the weak light. But when museums took over the care of many paintings, they were often hung in brighter light than before. Soon they were in danger of fading. The damaging effects of light were increased when the museums removed the varnish coating, yellowed with age.
To protect its paintings, the National Gallery put a special kind of glass in its skylights. This glass allows visible lights to enter the building but it keeps out harmful ultraviolet rays. The Gallery has also developed new and better varnishes which help to keep paintings from fading. Thanks to these new precautions, many of the world’s greatest paintings are being well protected for future generations to enjoy.
小題1:The text mainly tells us about_________________________.
A.the guard force in the National Gallery
B.protecting great paintings from nature
C.priceless paintings of past times
D.the air-conditioning and heating systems in the National Gallery
小題2:Which of the following is NOT an enemy of paintings?
A.Varnish.B.Temperature.C.Light.D.Humidity.
小題3:The underlined word “precautions” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____________.  
A.decorationsB.problemsC.suggestionsD.a(chǎn)pplications
小題4:From the text we can infer that________________________.
A.great artists painted in dark churches and palaces
B.you can touch these paintings while you are in the National Gallery
C.the care of the world’s greatest paintings is both a big responsibility and a great challenge
D.the guard force in the Gallery has not done a good job

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:C

小題1:主旨大意題。結(jié)合but protecting the paintings from nature is a greater problem可知文章主要介紹了The National Gallery of Art如何保護(hù)館內(nèi)的繪畫(huà)作品免受自然環(huán)境的破壞的。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題。結(jié)合the owners of paintings did not protect them from damaging changes in humidity(濕度)and temperature和Light is another enemy of paintings可知B. C. D.對(duì)繪畫(huà)作品都有害。
小題3:推斷詞義題。結(jié)合上文The Gallery has also developed new and better varnishes which help to keep paintings from fading.可知these new precautions應(yīng)指的是The Gallery新開(kāi)發(fā)的設(shè)備。
小題4:推斷題。結(jié)合But if these priceless masterpieces are to be preserved, the Gallery must protect them carefully.可知對(duì)于保護(hù)這些繪畫(huà)作品既是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)也是美術(shù)館的責(zé)任。
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

A simple piece of clothesline hangs between some environmentally friendly Americans and their neighbors.
On one side stand those who see clothes dryers (干衣機(jī)) as a waste of energy and a major polluter of the environment.As a result, they are turning to clotheslines as part of the “what-I-can-do environmentalism.”
On the other side are people who are against drying clothes outside, arguing that clotheslines are unpleasant to look at.They have persuaded Homeowners Associations (HOAs) access the U.S.to ban outdoor clotheslines, because clothesline drying also tends to lower home value in the neighborhood.
This has led to a Right-to-Dry Movement that is calling for laws to be passed to protect people’s right to use clotheslines.So far, only three states have laws to protect clothesline.Right-to-Dry supporters argue that there should be more.
Matt Reck, 37, is the kind of eco-conscious(有生態(tài)意識(shí)的)person who feeds his trees with bathwater and reuses water drops from his air conditioners to water plants.His family also uses a clothesline.But on July 9, 2007, the HOA in Wake Forest, North Carolina, told him that a dissatisfied neighbor had telephoned them about his clothesline.The Recks paid no attention to the warning and still dried their clothes on a line in the yard.“Many people say they are environmentally friendly but they don’t take matters into their own hands,” says Reck.The local HOA has decided not to take any action, unless more neighbors come to them.
North Carolina lawmakers are saying that banning clotheslines is not the right thing to do.But HOAs and housing businesses believe that clothesline drying reminds people of poor neighborhoods.They worry that if buyers think their future neighbors can’t even afford dryers, housing prices will fall.
Environmentalists say such worries are not necessary, and in view of global warming, that idea needs to change.As they say, “The clothesline is beautiful.Hanging clothes outside should be encouraged.We all have to do at least something to slow down the process of global warming.”
小題1:One of the reasons why supporters of clothes dryers are trying to ban clothesline drying is that ______.
A.clothes dryers are more efficient
B.clothesline drying reduces home value
C.clothes dryers are energy-saving
D.clothesline drying is not allowed in most U.S.states
小題2:Who are in favor of clothesline drying?
A.Housing businesses.
B.Environmentalists.
C.Homeowners Associations.
D.Reck’s dissatisfied neighbors.
小題3:What is mainly discussed in the text?
A.Clothesline drying: a way to save energy and money.
B.Clothesline drying: a lost art rediscovered.
C.Opposite opinions on clothesline drying.
D.Different varieties of clotheslines.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Sea turtles come in many different sizes, shapes and colors. The shell of each sea turtle species is different in length, color, shape and the arrangement of the scales(鱗片).
Sea turtles do not have teeth but use their jaws (下巴)to eat. Their sense of smell is excellent. Their eyesight underwater is good, but they have near-sighted eyes out of water. Their special bodies make them adapt to life at sea. However, sea turtles maintain(保持) close ties to land.
Female sea turtles have to go to the seaside to lay their eggs in the sand; therefore, all baby sea turtles begin their lives on land. Most research on sea turtles has been focused on female turtles nesting and the baby sea turtles in the nest, largely because they can be found most easily. After decades of studying sea turtles, much has been learned about. However, many mysteries(謎) still remain.
Researchers do not yet know how long baby turtles spend in the open sea, or exactly where they go. People believe they spend their earliest years floating in the sea, where they do little more than eat and grow. Once turtles reach dinner-plate size, they appear at feeding grounds in waters near the shore. They grow slowly and take between 15 and 50 years to grow old enough to bear baby sea turtles, depending on the species. There is no way to know the age of a sea turtle from its physical appearance. It is believed that some species can live for over 100 years.
小題1:Which of the following statements is NOT true about sea turtles?
A.They don’t use teeth to eat.
B.They have a good sense of smell.
C.Sea turtles are more adaptable to life at sea.
D.Different species have different shells.
小題2:The underlined phrase “near-sighted eyes” in the second paragraph means_____.
A.good eyesightB.bad eyes
C.excellent eyesD.poor eyesight
小題3:Which of the following questions is answered in the text?
A.Why do female turtles lay eggs on land?
B.Why can’t people tell how old a sea turtle is from its appearance?
C.Where do the baby turtles usually go?
D.Do sea turtles grow very fast?
小題4:What would be the best title for the text?
A.Mysteries About Sea Turtles
B.Baby and Female Sea Turtles
C.The Growth of Different Sea Turtles
D.The Characteristics(特點(diǎn)) of Sea Turtles

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解


At 2 p.m. on December 5, 1945, five Navy aircraft took off in perfect flying weather from a naval air installation in southeastern Florida, on a routine training mission over the Atlantic Ocean. Less than two hours later, the flight commander radioed that he was “completely lost”. Then there was silence. A rescue plane was sent to search for the missing aircraft, and it, too, disappeared. Despite one of history’s most extensive search efforts, involving more than 300 planes and dozens of ships, the Navy found nothing, not even an oil stain floating on the water.
This is just one of the many frightening stories told of “the Bermuda Triangle”, a mysterious area of the Atlantic Ocean roughly stretching southwest from Bermuda to the Florida coast and down to Puerto Rico. During the past 30 years, the triangle has claimed the lives of some 1,000 sailors and pilots.
Stranger yet are the numerous “ghost” ships that have been found floating crewless within the triangle. On one strange occasion in 1881, the cargo ship Ellen Austin discovered a small sailing ship, sails waving uselessly in the wind. The boat was full of wood with no one on deck. The captain of the Ellen Austin installed a new crew to sail it, but two days later, during a rough storm, the two ships temporarily lost sight of each other. When the captain again boarded the boat, he found his crew had disappeared. After a second crew was assigned, the ship was again lost in a fog bank. This time, no trace of the boat — or the crew — was ever found.
Charles Berlitz, a man with an interest in Atlantis, the legendary lost island, puts forward his theory that a giant solar crystal, which once was the power generator for Atlantis, lies on the ocean floor. From time to time, according to his theory, passing ships and planes set off the crystal, which confuses their instruments and engulfs them into the ocean.
Officially, the U.S. Navy does not recognize the triangle as a danger zone and is convinced that “the majority of disappearances in the triangle can be due to the unique features of the area’s environment.” These include the swift Gulf Stream current and the unexplored valleys under water of the Atlantic. Also, the triangle is one of only two places on earth where a compass needle points to true north rather than magnetic north, causing problems in navigation.
However, other scientists argue that beings from outer space have established a highly advanced civilization in the unexplored depths of the Atlantic inside the triangle. There, they believe, most of the missing vessels – and their crews – may still be on display for study by these higher intelligences.
小題1:The author develops the first two paragraphs through _______.
A.a(chǎn) series of events described in order of time
B.a(chǎn) general view supported by specific examples
C.a(chǎn) specific incident followed by a general introduction
D.a(chǎn) strange phenomenon followed by cause explanation
小題2:What did the captain of Ellen Austin do when he discovered a small sailing ship floating crewless?
A.He had all the wood transferred onto his own ship.
B.He had new powerful sails fixed on the small boat.
C.He sent a message that they were in danger and needed help.
D.He asked some of his sailors to get onto the boat to sail it.
小題3:The underlined word “engulfs” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.
A.dropsB.sucksC.puts D.throws
小題4:Which of the following could serve as the best title for this passage?
A.The Mysterious Bermuda Triangle
B.The History of the Bermuda Triangle
C.A New Research on the Bermuda Triangle
D.A New Angle to Look at the Bermuda Triangle

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解


For those who are tired doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application).
Strange though it may seem — “my wife already does that” was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week — Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install (安裝) a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”.
Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, it’s Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.
The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owners is at work or on the bus.
Samsung says it’s not just something new — the app connection actually has some practical uses.
“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.
The company also says that with electricity rate(電價(jià))varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money.
Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do —enable laziness. Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.
小題1:What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES?
A.The machine will be a big success.
B.their wives like doing the laundry.
C.The machine is unrelated to their life.
D.This kind of technology is familiar to them.
小題2:What can we learn about the new laundry machines?
A.They can tell you when your clothes need washing
B.They can be controlled with a smartphone
C.They are difficult to operate
D.They are sold at a low price
小題3:We can conclude form Samsung’s statements that ___________.
A.the app connection makes life easier
B.it is better to dry clothes in the morning
C.smartphone can shorten the drying time
D.we should refresh clothes back at home
小題4:What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A.The laundry should be frequently checked
B.Lazy people like using such machines
C.Good technologies also cause problems
D.Television may help do the laundry.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解


Global emissions(排放)of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel burning jumped by the largest amount on record in 2010. Emissions rose 5.9 percent in 2010, according to an analysis released on Sunday by the Global Carbon Project.
Scientists said the increase was almost certainly the largest absolute jump in any year since the Industrial Revolution. The increase solidified a trend of ever-rising emissions that will make it difficult, if not impossible, to stop severe climate change in coming decades.
The burning of coal represented more than half of the growth in emissions, the analysis found. In the United States, emissions dropped by a remarkable 7 percent in the year of 2009, but rose by over 4 percent in 2010, the new analysis shows.
“Each year, emissions go up, and there’s another year of negotiations, another year of indecision,” said Glen P. Peters, a researcher at the Center for International Climate and Environmental Research. “There’s no evidence that this path we’ve been following in the last 10 years is going to change.”
Scientists say the rapid growth of emissions is warming the Earth and putting human welfare at long-term risk. But their increasingly urgent pleas that society find a way to limit emissions have met sharp political resistance in many countries because doing so would involve higher energy costs.
The new figures show a continuation of a trend in which developing countries have surpassed (超過(guò)) the wealthy countries in their overall greenhouse emissions. In 2010, the burning of fossil fuels and the production of cement (水泥) sent more than nine billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere, the new analysis found, with 57 percent of that coming from developing countries.
On the surface, the figures of recent years suggest that wealthy countries have made headway in stabilizing their emissions. But Dr. Peters pointed out that, in a sense, the rich countries have simply exported some of them.
The fast rise in developing countries has been caused to a large extent by the growth of energy-intensive manufacturing industries that make goods that rich countries import. “All that has changed is the location in which the emissions are being produced,” Dr. Peters said.
Many countries, as part of their response to the economic crisis, invested billions in programs designed to make their energy systems greener. While it is possible, the new numbers suggest they have had little effect so far.
小題1:Many governments in the world resist limiting emissions because          .
A.it is not the best way to solve such problems
B.they don’t realize the risks of carbon emissions
C.it would probably harm human welfare in the long run
D.they are unwilling to accept higher energy costs
小題2:According to Glen P. Peters, We can learn that          .
A.the rapid growth of emissions contributes to potential risks for humans
B.rich countries actually take more responsibility for the growth of emissions
C.human beings will follow the same path of negotiations in the next 10 years
D.some countries negotiate together yearly whether to reduce the amounts of emissions
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A.Emissions in the United States dropped by about 7 percent in 2010.
B.Developing countries will produce less emissions with economic development.
C.There is a long way to go for many countries to limit the fast growth of emissions.
D.Over 50 percent of the growth in emissions resulted from the burning of fossil fuels.
小題4:The text mainly talks about          .
A.a(chǎn)n analysis released by the Global Carbon Project
B.the record jump in carbon dioxide emissions
C.the possible climate change in future decades
D.the main harm of greenhouse gases

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解


Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept. We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital.
Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special children’s hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off. From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher—and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games.
Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”. Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can.
Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.
小題1:Which of the following statements is true?
A.Every child in hospital receives some teaching.
B.Not enough is known about hospital teaching.
C.Hospital teaching is of poor quality.
D.The special children's hospitals are worst off.
小題2:It can be inferred from the latest survey that________.
A.hospital teaching across the country is similar
B.each hospital has at least one part-time teacher
C.a(chǎn)ll hospitals surveyed offer education to children
D.only one-fourth of the hospital have full-time teacher
小題3:The hospital teachers are found________.
A.not welcomed by the children and their parentsB.unnecessary
C.not quite helpfulD.capable
小題4:In order to catch up with their school work, children in hospital usually turn to________.
A.hospital teachersB.schoolmatesC.parents D.school teachers
小題5:We can conclude from the passage that the author is________.
A.unfavorable towards children receiving education in hospitals
B.in favor of the present state of teaching in hospitals
C.unsatisfied with the present state of hospital teaching
D.satisfied with the results of the latest survey

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解


Enter a typical high school, and the first thing you see is the front office, where the principal dwells and grades are stored. The front office also reinforces familiar hierarchy(等級(jí)制度): principal at the top, teachers in the middle, kids on the bottom, sitting with hands folded at their desks.
Now, imagine a school where the organizational structure is completely flat. At the New Country School in Henderson, Minn, there is no front office. Visitors are immediately embraced by an airy atrium that is the centerpiece of this one-room schoolhouse. And all around the room, 124 students sit at desks — real office desks — working at their own personal computers on their own projects.
When Dee Thomas and her colleagues got together 15 years ago to design a new high school, they knew there was one thing that had to go: The bell. "You don't go into your job in the morning and say, 'OK, for the first 45 minutes of my job, I'm going to do the math part.' And then a bell goes off, and you do the social history part of your job. You don't do that," Thomas said.
There are no teachers at New Country. Every few weeks, students must present projects they've been working on to the rest of the school community. To prepare for their presentations, they gather at tables in the middle of the school atrium and present their work to their "advisers."
Kids at New Country test better than their peers on the state tests and on the pre-college ACT. The school sends 90 percent of its graduates to college. But that doesn't tell the whole story. New Country struggles to keep its seniors from leaving. The school's senior project is demanding — 300 hours of work.
But for some students, New Country offers a rare alternative, a choice they can't find anywhere else. And the school is constantly visited by educators from around the world looking for new ideas. That's the foundation of efforts to reform American high schools today — that there's a need to experiment with an institution that is failing millions of students
小題1:The author mentioned the typical high school in the first paragraph ___________.
A. to tell us what the typical high school is like in USA.
B. to present a sharp contrast with the experimental school, New Country.
C. to introduce the topic, New Country, of the passage.
D. to call on students to register in the typical high school
小題2:The following statements about New Country are all true except________.
A.New Country students sit in an open environment that looks a lot like a typical
office.
B.Students consult with "advisers", who "teach" in the traditional sense.
C.No bells in New Country, students choose how to spend their time.
D.No traditional classes, students work on projects they select themselves.
小題3:Compared with typical high school, New Country is well received for its_________.
A.high test scoresB.a(chǎn)lternative
C.comfortable conditionsD.teaching methods
小題4:The passage mainly tells us __________.
A.experimental school gets rid of classes and teachers.
B.typical high school and experimental School.
C.new schools in future in America.
D.education reform in America.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

What will power your house in the future? Nuclear, wind, or solar power? According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US, it might be leaves –but artificial ones.
Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy. It is known as photosynthesis (光合作用). Now researchers have found a way to imitate this seemingly simple process.
The artificial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a special silicon chip (硅片) with catalysts (催化劑). Similar to natural leaves, it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell (電池), which uses those two materials to produce electricity, located either on top of a house or beside the house.
Though the leaf is only about the shape of a poker card, scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries. “One can imagine villages in India and Africa not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology,” said Docera at a conference of the American Chemical Society.
An artificial leaf is not a new idea. The first artificial leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and unstable for practical use. The new leaf, by contrast, is made of cheap materials, easy to use and highly stable. In laboratory studies, Nocera showed that an artificial leaf prorotype (原型) could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.
The wonderful improvements come from Nocera’s recent discovery of several powerful new, inexpensive catalysts. These catalysts make the energy transformation (轉(zhuǎn)換) inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight. Right now, the new leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one. Besides, the device can run in whatever water is available; that is, it doesn’t need pure water. This is important for some countries that don’t have access to pure water.
With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “giving energy to the poor”, scientists believe that the new application could be widely used in developing countries, especially in India and rural China.
小題1:Which of the following order correctly shows how the artificial leaf is used to produce electricity?
a. artificial leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygen
b. the hydrogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cell
c. the artificial leaves are put in water
d. the fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity
A.cbadB.cabdC.bcadD.cadb
小題2:Which of the following statements about new artificial leaves is TRUE according to the article?
A.They are inexpensive but unstable.
B.They are as efficient at carrying out photosynthesis as natural leaves.
C.They can work only in pure water.
D.They need several catalysts to help them work efficiently.
小題3:The aim of the scientists at MIT in developing the new artificial leaves is to         .
A.build-up more power stations in the world
B.provide cheaper energy for developing countries
C.offer people in developing countries access to pure water
D.gain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process
小題4:What is the main point of the article?
A.Introduction to the history of artificial leaves.
B.An invention copying photosynthesis.
C.Giving energy to the poor.
D.A mixture of water power and solar energy.

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