Forget chip fat, sugar cane or rapeseed oil — the latest source of biofuel could be watermelons. Scientists have discovered that the fruit is a great source of sugar that can be readily distilled (蒸餾) into alcohol to power cars and farm machinery.
And sellers reject 360,000 tons of “substandard” fruit every year in America alone which could be used as an economical way to make fuel. The waste from US growers could produce nearly two million gallons (nine million litres) of biofuel per year.
In the study, researchers at the United States Department of Agriculture set out to determine the biofuel potential of juice from rejected watermelons —those not sold due to cosmetic imperfections, and currently ploughed back into the field. About a fifth of each yearly watermelon crop is left in the field because of surface blemishes (瑕疵) or because they are misshapen.
Dr. Wayne Fish, who led the team, found that 50 percent of the fruit was fermentable (可發(fā)酵的) into alcohol which could provide valuable fuel.
“We’ve shown that the juice of these watermelons is a source of readily fermentable sugars, representing an unexploited raw material for alcohol biofuel production,” he said.
The study, published in the journal Biotechnology for Biofuels, discovered that watermelons could produce around 20 gallons of fuel per acre from fruit that otherwise would go to waste.
Production of biofuels has been targeted by Western governments as a way to support renewable energy targets.
The European Union has a target for 2010 that 5.75 percent of transport fuels should come from biological sources, but the target is unlikely to be met.
The British government’s Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation requires five percent of the fuel sold at the pump by 2010 to be biofuel.
小題1:The passage mainly tells us ______.
A．watermelon juice will be the largest source of renewable energy
B．the advantages of fuel made from watermelons
C．Western countries aim at producing biofuels
D．watermelons could be used to make fuel
小題2: It can be learned from the text that ______.
A．a(chǎn)bout two gallons of fuel could be made from rejected fruit per acre
B．sellers in the world throw away 360,000 tons of watermelons every year
C．half of the watermelons were fermentable into alcohol to provide energy
D．five percent of fuel is required to be biofuel from watermelons by 2010 in Britain
小題3:The underlined word “cosmetic” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.
A．freshB．sweetC．surfaceD．inside
小題4:We can infer from the passage that ______.
A．it will cost a lot to make biofuel from watermelons
B．Western countries are engaged in biofuel study but still have a long way to go
C．watermelon juice has been used as a source of sugars to produce alcohol biofuel
D．the European Union is likely to meet its target of transport fuels from biological sources
小題1:D
小題2:C
小題3:C
小題4:B
小題1 這篇文章主要講的是西瓜可以被用來當(dāng)做燃料。A、B答案不完全 C應(yīng)該是“The European Union has a target for 2010 that 5.75 percent of transport fuels should come from biological sources”目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)運(yùn)輸燃料來自生物源。
小題2  A原文倒數(shù)第二段watermelons could produce around 20 gallons of fuel per acre；
B第二段第一句話sellers reject 360,000 tons of “substandard” fruit every year而不是throw away；C正確原文第四段found that 50 percent of the fruit was fermentable  into alcohol which could provide valuable fuel.；D在原文最后一段意思與原文不符。
小題3 通過后面“is left in the field because of surface blemishes (瑕疵) or because they are misshapen.”可知文章是說由于外表有瑕疵，故為C
小題4 原文倒數(shù)第二段說“but the target is unlikely to be met”故C、D錯(cuò)誤；文章第二段可找出專家使用“substandard”fruit，這是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)的方式，故A錯(cuò)誤；B是說西方國家所從事的生物燃料研究仍有很長的路要走。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I know what you're thinking: pizza? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night's leftovers in the a. m. if you want to.
I know lots of women who skip breakfast, and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it. Some say they don't have time, others think they're “saving” calories, still others just don't like breakfast food.
But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you’re trying to lose weight. “Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,” says Katherine Brooking, R, D, who developed the super-easy eating plan for this year’s “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even pizza can be healthy if it's loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece.
Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.
So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night’s leftovers－it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat it tomorrow,” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it... you may save yourself some pre­bedtime calories. And watch your body gain the fat­burning effects.
小題1:The underlined word "leftovers" in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A．food remaining after a meal B．things left undone
C．meals made of vegetables D．pizza topped with fruit
小題2:What can we infer from the text?
A．Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry.
B．Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast.
C．There are some easy ways of cooking a meal.
D．Eating vegetables helps save energy.
小題3:According to the last paragraph, it is important to ______.
A．eat something for breakfastB．be careful about what you eat
C．heat up food before eating itD．eat calorie- controlled food
小題4:The text is written mainly for those _______.
A．who go to work earlyB．who eat before sleep
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Depression(抑郁癥)is a serious problem today．Depression causes workers to be unproductive，causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars．One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread，costly and deadly”．Depression hits one person in five around the world．
Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated，studies show that depression is a problem among everyone。Over any six-month period，between five to seven percent of the world's population will be suffering from a serious depression．
suicide(自殺)rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme，or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large，and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks. People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively．
Depression，which researchers agree has its origin in the genes(基因)，brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate-making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently．
Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese's inability to face it．Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy．  Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available．
“Most patients in China just don't get help，”a Chinese doctor says．“In my hospital．I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning，just have time to say “Hello how do you feel？”
In Western countries，people are not afraid to admit that they have depression，but most do not tell it to their boss，because they fear that their boss would fire them．
“In my experience，aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it. Because they feel the most secure about themselves，”an American doctor says．
Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment．
小題1:Which of the following is true according to the passage？
A．It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression．
B．Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work
C．Depression is a commonly-existing problem only in rich countries．
D．The poorer and the less educated a person is，the less he will suffer from depression．
小題2:Compared to normal people，the depressed people are likely to be▁▁▁．
A．very unconfident and often absent-minded
B．easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks
C．working efficiently and productively
D．either weak or lazy
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A．the understanding of the problem
B．the lack of treatment and doctors
C．their unwillingness to tell it to their boss
D．the doctors' careless work
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A．People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists．
B．The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed．
C．More and more patients will turn to specialists for help．
D．Western people are braver than Chinese people．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can’t fix the damage．Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.
Dr．Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain．
Dr．White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys’ blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys’ brains. When the brain’s temperature was 10 ℃, Dr．White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them．
小題1:The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that____ ．
A．the time is too short for doctors
B．the patients are often too nervous
C．the damage is extremely hard to fix
D．the blood-cooling machine might break down
小題2:The brain operation was made possible mainly by____ ．
A．taking the blood out of the brain
B．trying the operation on monkeys first
C．having the blood go through a machine
D．lowering the brain’s temperature
小題3:With Dr. White’s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain____ ．
A．can last as long as 30 minutes
B．can keep the brain’s blood warm
C．can keep the patient’s brain healthy
D．can help monkeys do different jobs
小題4:What is the right order of the steps in the operation?
a．send the cooled blood back to the brain 　　b．stop the blood to the brain
c．have the blood cooled down 　　         d．operate on the brain
A．a(chǎn),b,c,dB．c,a,b,dC．c,b,d,aD．b,c,d,a

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Encouraging pupils to keep noise to a minimum should be a valuable component of all children’s education, according to new research.
Dr. Helen Lees, from Stirling University’s school of education, says that “enforced（強(qiáng)制的）silence” is seen as a punishment and often acts to suppress children’s natural ability. But she says that teaching children about the benefits of “enforced silence”,--- deliberate stillness that gives them the opportunity to focus and reflect in a stress-free environment--- can have a significant effect on pupils’ concentration and behavior.
It is the latest in a string of researches to establish a link between the classroom environment and pupils’ academic ability.
A study almost a decade ago in London found that children’s exam results were cut by as much as a third if they were taught in noisy classrooms. Teaching unions have also called for a limit of 26℃ to be put on classroom temperatures because teachers and pupils struggle to work in hot conditions, and some educationalists claim that too much clutter（雜亂的東西）on classroom walls can prevent children from concentrating.
Dr. Lees said, “When we take some research on school settings and put it all together, what we see is that education without silence does not make much sense. In areas of better learning outcomes, better self- confidence and well-being measures, enforced silence in a person’s life and an individual’s education is shown throughout the relevant research to be a benefit.”
Dozens of schools across Britain have already introduced periods of “reflective silence” into the timetable.
Kevin Hogston, head of Sheringdale Primary, south London, has just introduced a minute’s silence at the start of twice-weekly meetings in which children are taught breathing techniques and encouraged to reflect. The school plans to introduce it into classrooms every day.
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A．is an effective way of punishment
B．does not make much sense in class
C．can improve pupils’ confidence
D．makes pupils more creative
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A．preventB．improveC．a(chǎn)pplyD．reveal
小題3:What can be inferred from the research on school settings?
A．Students are more active if taught in noisy classrooms.
B．Silence makes a great difference to pupils.
C．Clutter on the walls can help students concentrate.
D．Most schools are not satisfactory in terms of classroom temperatures.
小題4: What would be the best title for the text?
A．Arranging classroom settings benefits studies
B．Achieving silence is beneficial for people
C．Using enforced silence is effective punishment
D．Keeping quiet in class improves academic performance

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中(A、B、C和 D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Most of us feel upset if we miss just one meal, and if we try to go without food for 12 hours we would really be uncomfortable. But there are some people who seem able to “fast” for very long periods.
Various records are claimed for long fast, but in most cases there is no medical proof and so the records are doubtful. One South African woman claimed that she lived for 102 days on nothinig but water and soda water.
There are great differences among living things in the ability to survive without food. For example , a tick（扁虱）, which lives on animals, may survive a whole year. Warm-blooded animals use up their stores of food in the body more quickly.
In fact, the smaller and more active the animal, the more quickly it uses up its reserves. A small bird starves to death in about five days, a dog in about twenty. In general, we can say that a warm-blooded creature will die when it has lost about half its normal weight.
This matter of weight is important. Man and other creatures live in a state of metabolic equiplibrium（新陳代謝的平衡）which means maintaining the body weight once a certain point has been reached. This regulation of body weight is done by thirst, hunger, and appetite.
When your blood lacks nutritional materials, this registers（記錄）in the hunger center of the brain and you feel “hungry”. The body is crying out for any kind of fuel(food). And it is our appetite that sees to it hat we chooose a mixed diet, which is the kind the body needs.
小題1:According to this passage, a man will die _________.
A．when a certain point in losing weight has been reached.
B．when his blood lacks nutritional material
C．when his normal weight is lost
D．when he goes without food for more than 12 hours
小題2:The word “fast” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced by ________.
A．eat no foodB．live merely on water and soda water
C．live on nothingD．remains alive for a long time without food
小題3:A tick can survive much longer than a bird because ________.
A．a(chǎn) tick lives on animalsB．a(chǎn) tick is much smaller
C．a(chǎn) bird is more activeD．both B and C
小題4:A person feels hungry _________.
A．if he doesn’t choose a mixed diet
B．because his body cries out for food
C．when soemthing is wrong with regulation of body weight
D．if there are not enough nutritional in his blood
小題5:From the passage we can infer that the author ________.
A．believes the South African woman very firmly
B．does not believe the South African woman at all
C．is not certain whether the South African woman’s claim was true.
D．is doubtful whether there was such a South African woman

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

After moving to the United States , immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American , a new study finds . That’s one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America.
The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing un-American influenced respondents’ food choices . After being questioned about their ability to speak English , 75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite. Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.
When their American identiy was called into question during a follow-up study, Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes , such as hamburgers and cheese sand wiches In that experiment , 55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant . Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study. Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories , including 12grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat(飽和脂肪).
“People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in , ”said Sauna Cheryan ,an anthor of the study and assistant professor of psychology at the University of Washington.” If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives , this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health .Cheryan added.
Social pressures , the study concluded , are at the heart of the problem. “In American society today , being American is associated with being white . Americans , who don’t fit this image even if they were born here and speak English , feel that pressure to prove that they’re American,” said Cheryan.
小題1:The author wants to show that      .
A．more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks
B．immigrants tend to eat American junk food to fit in
C．most Americans are at the risk of heart disease
D．a(chǎn)ll the American people have a bad eating habit
小題2:According to the survey,      .
A．Asian-Americans care less about their health
B．25 percent of Americans like junk food
C．choosing food is related to Asian-American’s situation
D．immigrants are forced to eat junk food
小題3:The underlined word “fare” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “      ”.
A．food offered as a mealB．a(chǎn) person taking a taxi
C．money spent on foodD．a(chǎn)n arranged thing to do
小題4:According to Sauna Cheryan,       .
A．what immigrants have done is ridiculous
B．American traditional foods are healthier
C．immigrants risk their health in order to fit in
D．American culture affects immigrants deeply
小題5:Which of the following should take the blame for the bad eating habit?
A．The situation of employment.B．The traditional culture.
C．The American government.D．The pressures from society.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago. ___小題1:___
The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sickness. ___小題2:___ So they are called “disease of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.
Scientists noticed that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. __小題3:___ However, a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of day.
Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy product, and they made very little use of grains.
___小題4:___ We eat six times more salt than our ancestors(祖先). We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.
___小題5:___ But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way as our ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.
A．These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.
B．People today probably don’t want to live the way people thousands of years ago did.
C．Ancient people also lived in large groups.
D．But today, we eat a lot of these.
E. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise.
F. In that case, they would live much healthier.
G. People today probably live the same life as people thousands of years ago did.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Are there fastest ways to lose weight? Yes, there are! This is no magic trick or miracle. It just needs sensible actions.
●Drink water
No, you don’t have to fill up like a tub, but ensure that you drink 8 to 10 glasses of water every day. Don’t substitute for juice. With adequate water intake your body will be able to metabolize（新陳代謝）fat more effectively. And if you have a glass of water 10-15 minutes before your meal, you will feel full once you start eating. Another fun fact, did you know that you can lose 62 calories by drinking ice cold water?
●Eat 5 times a day
Start with breakfast. The more you eat for breakfast, the less food you will want to eat at night. Please don’t skip this meal as you’ll end up swallowing everything in sight for the rest of the day. You don’t need to gobble up 5 large meals. Eat sensibly so your body doesn’t crave for food.
●Use weights
Needless to say, exercise is crucial to weight loss. You can’t expect to sit on the sofa all day, sip water and lose weight. Join a good gym that lets you work with weights. It will help you build muscle and your metabolism rate will increase. You’ll soon see the fat come off and in its place muscle will develop.
●Smaller bowls
It’s better to substitute the huge bowls you usually use for small ones – when food starts to fall off, you’ll know it’s enough. Try to get these new bowls in dark colors. Dark blue will be your best choice since it is the number one color that fights off the appetite. Avoid red/orange/yellow colors in your dining area – they are the ones making your appetite go sky high.
●Read between lines
Food and drink products are all out to get you. They scream “Buy me! Buy me!” They could be “fat free” but they could still have a lot of calories. You need to analyze the nutrition label on the cover. Find out what’s good for you and what isn’t. Knowing in advance can help you stay away from products that are calorie-enriched.
●Don’t punish yourself
Go easy on yourself at least one day in a week. If you begin to dislike your diet then there’s something wrong. Find a diet that suits your body type and your lifestyle.
小題1:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．If you are on a diet, you should always keep to your diet.
B．Use smaller bowls can help you eat less food.
C．Skipping breakfast is not a wise way to lose weight.
D．Reading the nutrition label on drink and food products is helpful.
小題2:If you are going to run a restaurant, which colors will you choose to paint the dining area?
A．black and yellowB．gray and white
C．red and orangeD．blue and purple
小題3: Which of the following belongs to “weights” mentioned in the text?
A．beamB．shotC．barbellD．badminton
小題4:In order to lose weight quickly, you can do the following except_____.
A．drinking juice instead of water
B．working with weights to build muscle
C．buying products that are not calorie-enriched
D．eating proper amount of food

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