Question

【題目】 Laboratory studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high intensity blue light damages retinal (視網膜的) cells in mice.【1】So, why is there the disconnect between blue light's effects on rodent(嚙齒類動物) eyes and human eyes?

【2】We have protective elements, such as macular pigments (黃斑色素) and the natural blue-blocking ability of the crystalline lens (晶狀體). These structures absorb blue light before it reaches the delicate retina.

Just because blue light isn't harming your retina, it doesn't mean your electronic devices are harmless.【3】Mounting evidence suggests that screen time before bed increases the time it takes to fall sleep. It also robs you of restorative rapid-eye movement seep, dulls focus, and reduces brain activity the next day.

【4】

First, turn off your electronic devices before bed. Outside of the bedroom, when you do look at your screens, lower the brightness.

Second, follow the“20-20-20”rule The American Optometric Association(美國驗光學會) defines this rule as taking a 20-second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet in the distance. 【5】

Third, use lubricating eye drops before extended computer use. This method will build up the body's natural tears and keep the eye's surface water-bearing.

A.This will allow your eyes to relax.

B.Human eyes are different from rodent eyes.

C.That's why it's so important to have your eyes tested regularly.

D.Because of is wavelength, blue light dos disrupt healthy sleep physiology (生理機能).

E.But epidemiological (流行病學的) studies on real people tell a different story.

F.Consumers often don't think about the impact digital devices might have on their vision.

G.There are ways to make your screen viewing more comfortable and more helpful to seep.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】B

【3】D

【4】G

【5】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。作者給了幾個關于如何防止屏幕損害視力的建議。

【1】根據(jù)前文“Laboratory studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high intensity blue light damages retinal (視網膜的) cells in mice.”可知實驗室研究表明，長期暴露在高強度藍光下會損害小鼠的視網膜細胞。后文“why is there the disconnect between blue light's effects on rodent eyes and human eyes?”可知藍光對嚙齒類動物眼睛的影響和對人類的眼睛影響不一樣。前后內容上形成了對比，連接上下文，E項（但針對普通人的流行病學研究卻講述了一個不同的故事。）切題。故選E項。

【2】根據(jù)后文“We have protective elements, such as macular pigments (黃斑色素) and the natural blue-blocking ability of the crystalline lens (晶狀體). ”可知我們的眼睛有保護性成分，例如黃斑色素和晶狀體的天然藍光阻擋能力。也就是說本段在講我們的眼睛與嚙齒類動物眼睛的不同之處�？崭裉幵诙问祝�要總結全段，B項（人眼和嚙齒動物的眼睛不同。）切題。故選B項。

【3】根據(jù)前文“Just because blue light isn't harming your retina, it doesn't mean your electronic devices are harmless.”可知僅僅因為藍光不會傷害你的視網膜，并不意味著你的電子設備就沒有害處。根據(jù)后文“Mounting evidence suggests that screen time before bed increases the time it takes to fall sleep. It also robs you of restorative rapid-eye movement seep, dulls focus, and reduces brain activity the next day.”可知越來越多的證據(jù)表明，睡覺前使用屏幕會增加入睡時間。它還會讓你無法完成恢復精力的快速動眼睡眠，讓你在第二天無法集中注意力，大腦活躍度下降。通過前后文可知這一段是關于藍光對眼睛的影響的，連接上下文，D項（藍光的波長導致它確實會擾亂健康睡眠的生理規(guī)律。）切題。故選D項。

【4】根據(jù)下文“First, turn off your electronic devices before bed. Outside of the bedroom, when you do look at your screens, lower the brightness.”可知作者建議讀者首先睡覺前關掉你的電子設備。在其他場合看屏幕時，要調低亮度。最后兩段也都是作者給出的建議。根據(jù)位置和文章內容判斷，這里的空格處要總結后面幾段，G項（這里有一些方法能讓你看屏幕更舒服，并降低其對睡眠的影響。）切題。故選G項。

【5】根據(jù)前文“Second, follow the“20-20-20”rule The American Optometric Association(美國驗光學會) defines this rule as taking a 20-second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet in the distance. ”可知第二個建議是遵循“三個 20”原則。美國驗光協(xié)會將其定義為：每隔 20 分鐘休息 20 秒，并注視 20 英尺外的物體。根據(jù)前后兩段可以觀察出這幾段的格式都是先給一個建議，然后解釋這個建議有什么好處。所以這里要選一個選項解釋“三個 20”原則的好處。A項（這會讓眼睛有眨眼和放松的機會。）切題。故選A項。

當文中出現(xiàn)明顯的結構詞、詞組，或空格句在一些特殊位置，如段首、段尾等，要考慮文章、段落的行文結構，根據(jù)空格句在文中所起的作用，來考慮作答。

空格句在段首，可能有以下兩種情況。

①段落主題句：閱讀后文的內容，推斷出段落主題，選出正確選項。

②過渡句：在后文找不到解題線索時，就要想到空格句子可能起到承上啟下的作用，試著從上一段的結尾處尋找線索。正確選項通常與上一段結尾能夠自然地銜接起來。

比如第2小題，空格句在段首。根據(jù)后文可知這段在講人類眼睛的特別之處，B項（人眼和嚙齒動物的眼睛不同。）正好能夠總結這一段的內容。答案選B項。