Grant Wood’s American Gothic caused a stir（轟動(dòng)）in 1930 when it was exhibited for the first time at the Art Institute of Chicago and awarded a prize of 300 dollars. Newspapers across the country carried the story, and the painting of a farmer and a younger woman posed before a white house brought the artist instant fame.

In 1930, Grant Wood, an American painter with European training, noticed a small white house built in the small southern Iowa town of Eldon. Wood was so fascinated by it that he decided to paint the house along with the kind of people he thought should live in that house. In the painting, the farmer is modeled on his dentist. Dr. Byron McKeeby. His younger sister Nan served as a model for the woman （imagined to be the farmer’s wife or daughter）. Wood wanted to give a description of the traditional roles of men and women as the man is holding a pitchfork symbolizing hard labor. Each element was painted separately; the models sat separately and never stood in front of the house. The Gothic style of the house inspired the painting’s title.

American Gothic remains one of the most famous paintings in the history of American art. The painting has become part of American popular culture. Some believe that Wood used it to satirize（諷刺） the narrow-mindedness that has been said to characterize Midwestern culture. The painting may also be read as a praise of the moral virtue or rural America or even as a mixture of praise and satire. American Gothic is one of the few images to reach the status of cultural symbol, along with Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa.

1.Which of the following is true about American Gothic?

A．It won a prize of 300 pounds.

B．The two characters in it posed before the White House.

C．It was the first painting by Grant Wood.

D．It was on show at the Art Institute of Chicago in 1930.

2.From the passage we can infer Iowa is in __________.

A．the southern town of Eldon

B．the Midwest of the United States

C．a(chǎn) European country

D．the city of Chicago

3.Grant Wood chose the two models __________.

A．to describe traditional roles of men and women

B．to praise the moral virtue of rural America

C．to make his dentist and his sister famous

D．to carry the story across the country

4. The title of the painting is based on __________.

A．the name of a small town

B．the man and the woman

C．the style of the house

D．the pitchfork symbolizing hard labor

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More than 2.25 billion cups of coffee are consumed across the globe each day, and it’s likely that many taste bitter.

Now, a new study suggests that coffee fans can make their drink taste sweeter by simply changing the color of their cups.

Scientists claim that blue and glass mugs, which are popular in some coffee shops, can reduce coffee’s bitterness, without any need for sugar, and that coffee drunk from white cups tastes the bitterest.

To prove their claims, the researchers invited 36 volunteers and used three different colored cups— blue, white and transparent glass—to do an experiment.

In the experiment, coffee consumed from the white cup was found to taste less sweet when compared to the other two colored cups, while the blue cup made the coffee taste the sweetest.

The scientists believe that the color brown may be associated with coffee’s bitterness because coffee in a white cup appears the brownest and tastes the bitterest.

“Our study clearly shows that the color of a coffee cup does influence the perceived (感受到的) taste and flavor of coffee,” said Dr George Doorn of Federation University Australia, “but the potential effects may be different between a one-time purchase and a return customer.”

“Anyhow, the effect of the color of the cup on the flavor of the coffee suggests that café owners, baristas (服務(wù)員), as well as coffee cup manufacturers should carefully consider the color of their cups, ” he added.

However, the idea that color can alter the taste of food and drink is not new.

A study published last year revealed that red, strawberry-flavored mousse (慕斯蛋糕) served on a white plate was rated as 10 percent sweeter and 15 percent more flavorous than the same food presented on a black plate.

1. What color of the cup can best reduce coffee’s bitterness without adding sugar?

A. Blue. B. Brown. C. White. D. Transparent.

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① different brands of coffee

② different colored coffee cups

③ several volunteers

④ several manufactures

A. ① ② B. ② ③ C. ② ④ D. ③ ④

3.Why does coffee in white cups taste the least sweet?

A. Because white cups are not as beautiful as other cups.

B. Because white cups make coffee appear the brownest.

C. Because white cups reduce the sugar in them.

D. Because white cups are better used to serve cakes.

4.According to the article, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Black plates increase the sweetness of food and drink.

B. Strawberry-flavored mousse is 10 percent sweeter than coffee.

C. People consume more than 2.5 billion cups of coffee across the globe every year.

D. People can make coffee taste sweeter by changing the color of their coffee cups.

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We shall not start the project until it __________ by the committee.

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The United States is a country of immigrants. It is a place where people from all over the world come to build a better life. Some immigrants bring their families. Some bring a few of their favorite things. Others come alone with nothing but determination. One thing that every immigrant brings with them is their culture.

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In cities all over America, you can see different cultures that formed this country. Many things that you may think of as being “American” are actually from a foreign culture. Some of the best examples of this are the foods people eat. Pizza and spaghetti are foods that all Americans know and love. But both of them are from Italy. Baseball is an all-American sport. But the hot dogs that people eat during the game are a type of food that was brought to America by German immigrants.

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A. the history of American immigration

B. why people chose to move to America

C. the rapid growth of the population of America

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B. they are very popular with Americans

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A. simple B. strange

C. diverse D. advanced

4.What would be the best title for the text?

A. Immigrants and their American dreams

B. America: a melting pot of cultures

C. America: a land of opportunity

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In 1978, I was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney, Australia. I was looking forward to having five days off from duty. Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便車(chē)).

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Twenty-five years later, in 2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat, trying to hitch a ride. I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.

After a few moments of small talk, the man said to me, “You haven’t changed a bit, even your red hair is still the same.”

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B. she missed the only train back home

C. she was going home for her holidays

D. the town was far away from Sydney

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B. He gave the girl a ride back home.

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B. she had known him for decades

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B. Good manners bring about happiness.

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Of the many unpleasant emotions we can experience, fear may top the list. 1. . Fear can also keep us from pursuing the things in life that really matter --- like following our dreams, and developing important relationships. 2. .

Experience fear.

I used to be very afraid of speaking in front of people. I would get sweaty palms and my stomach would be so tied up that I wouldn't be able to eat. However, each time I spoke, I noticed afterwards that it wasn't that bad. Things I fear are never as bad in reality as I make them out in my mind. 3. .

Create space.

The first and most important step to being fearless is to create some space between ourselves and the emotion of fear. This isn't accomplished by ignoring the fear, or trying to talk ourselves out of it. 4. . In fact, a recent research shows that by simply admitting the emotion we actually begin to reverse the "fight or flight (逃避)" response in the body.

Control the breath and feel the fear.

Once we acknowledge the presence of fear, the second step is to control the breathing so that it becomes slower and gentler. We try to make the breath just a little bit longer, and feel how fear manifests (展現(xiàn)) in the body. 5. .

With practice, we can create enough space between us and the emotion of fear so that we're able to replace a fearful thought with a positive one. We can imagine a positive outcome for whatever we're about to do. For instance, before I get up to speak in front of a group of people, I imagine that the audience is positively impressed by what I say and that I manage to complete the speech successfully.

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B. Fear is more than just physically unpleasant.

C. Fear, if left uncontrolled, can even destroy our life.

D. So one way to get rid of fear is to simply push ourselves to do things that we fear.

E. When we can see a positive outcome in our mind, fear no longer holds us back.

F. I have some ideas, though, of how to be free from fear.

G. Space is created only when we can honestly acknowledge that fear exists.

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It was lucky to have a teacher at home. Mom was a teacher most of her life. When she wasn’t in the classroom, she was educating her children or grandchildren: correcting our grammar; starting us on collections of butterflies, flowers or rocks; or inspiring a discussion on her most recent “Book of the Month Club” topic. Mom made learning fun.

It was sad for my three brothers and me to see her ailing in her later years. At eighty-five, she suffered a stroke(中風(fēng)) and she went steadily downhill after that.

Two days before she died, my brothers and I met at her nursing home and took her for a short ride in a wheelchair. While we waited for the staff to lift her back into bed, Mom fell asleep. Not wanting to wake her, we moved to the far end of the room and spoke softly.

After several minutes our conversation was interrupted by a muffled sound coming from across the room. We stopped talking and looked at Mom. Her eyes were closed, but she was clearly trying to communicate with us. We went to her side.

“Whirr,” she said weakly.

“Where?” I asked. “Mom, is there something you want?” “Whirr,” she repeated a bit stronger. My brothers and I looked at each other and shook our heads sadly.

Mom opened her eyes, sighed, and with all the energy she could muster said, “Not was, say were!”

It suddenly occurred to us that Mom was correcting brother Jim’s last sentence. “If it was up to me…”

Jim leaned down and kissed her cheek. “Thanks, Mom,” he whispered. We smiled at each other and once again shook our heads…this time in awe of a remarkable teacher.

1.When Mom said, “Whirr”, what did she really want to do?

A. She wanted to tell her sons her will.

B. She wanted to have something to eat before she died.

C. She wanted to correct the mistakes Jim made while talking.

D. She wanted to teach her sons more because she was dying.

2.Which of the following statements is NOT right?

A. Mom was a good teacher and never wanted to stop her teaching.

B.Mom was always making her teaching fun.

C.Mom didn’t forget her teaching until she died.

D.Mom was no longer a teacher when she was at home.

3.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

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完形填空

閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

One day a farmer’s donkey fell down into a well. The animal cried ________ for hours as the farmer tried to figure out ________ to do. Finally he decided the animal was ________ and the well needed to be________ up anyway, so it just wasn’t ________ to save the donkey.

He invited all his ________ to come over and help him. They all grabbed (握起) a shovel (鐵鏟) and began to shovel ________ into the well. At first, the donkey ________ what was happening and cried horribly. Then, to everyone’s ________ , he was quiet.

A few shovel loads later, the farmer looked ________ the well and was ________ at what he saw. With every shovel of dirt that ________ his back, the donkey was doing something amazing. He would ________ it off and take a step up. As the farmer’s neighbors ________ to shovel dirt on top of the animal, he would shake it off and take a ________ up. Pretty soon, everyone was surprised as the donkey stepped up over the ________ of the well and ran off.

Life is going to shovel dirt on you, all kinds of dirt. The best way of ________ out of the well is to shake it off and take a step up. Each of our ________ is a stepping-stone. We can get out of the deepest ________ just by not stopping, never ________ ! Shake it off and take a step upward!

1.A. sadly B. happily C. excitedly D. gradually

2.A. how B. what C. that D. which

3.A. strong B. old C. tall D. powerful

4.A. dug B. flowed C. covered D. emptied

5.A. important B. possible C. necessary D. worth

6.A. neighbors B. relatives C. enemies D. family

7.A. dust B. dusk C. disaster D. dirt

8.A. determined B. recognized C. realized D. admitted

9.A. sorrow B. relief C. fear D. amazement

10.A. down B. around C. above D. over

11.A. affected B. settled C. astonished D. upset

12.A. attacked B. packed C. recovered D. hit

13.A. shake B. blow C. sweep D. wash

14.A. attached B. continued C. pretended D. volunteered

15.A. base B. stage C. step D. breath

16.A. bottom B. track C. appearance D. entrance

17.A. holding B. getting C. sorting D. sticking

18.A. troubles B. happiness C. successes D. losses

19.A. ending B. distance C. mercy D. wells

20.A. setting up B. blowing up C. giving up D. picking up.

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