For thousands of years，mankind has bred plants and animals to create more desired and useful plants and animals. For instance, modem corn has been bred to such a large size that it is no longer able to reproduce without man's assistance. Modem dairy cows produce too much milk;because if they are not often drained of milk,they could leak,burst, become infected, and possibly die. Furthermore, most domesticated dogs cannot survive in the wild even with special training. Since natural evolution is extremely slow and mankind's selective breeding pro?grams only take a few generations to produce a completely new species，natural evolution has al?ready taken a backseat to mankind's breeding programs.

 Additionally，mankind has successfully killed off several species all together. For instance， there are no more European wolves in existence and mammoths probably become extinct because of mankind. Even certain diseases have been permanently eradicated(根除) from the planet, and dozens of other diseases will soon be too. Again, natural evolution did not cause most of the ex?tinctions during humanity's reign.

 Currently, scientists are creating new species with desired characteristics in the lab signifi?cantly faster than natural evolution creates new species. In a single generation, new species can be artificially created and destroyed，while natural evolution could take thousands of years to do the same but only haphazardly(4禺然地) .Scientists are even able to replace flawed(有缺陷的) or damaged genes with different genes to attempt to cure genetic defects. This is something that natural evolution could possibly never correct.

 Eventually scientists will be able to enhance even people. For example, imagine not only correcting your eyesight with gene therapy，but also ensuring that all of your descendants do not inherit your old genes of poor eyesight too. Scientists will one day be able to enhance the mem?ory and intelligence of your children，so that they will do better in school and achieve more in life. Doctors and scientists will be able to customize babies before they are born just like picking options at a car dealership.

 In the near future，natural evolution in the genetic code of any species can be quickly fixed if desired. As a result, natural evolution is doomed.

(   ) 1. The underlined word "backseat" probably means         .

   A. powerful assistance   B. important part

   C.  bad fortune   D. secondary position

(   ) 2. We can learn from the passage that        .

   A.artificial evolution can benefit the mankind

   B.humans' flaws won't be inherited in future

   C.natural evolution can't change species' nature

   D.artificial evolution helps choose human sexes

(   ) 3. Through the passage the author mainly wants to tell the readers that        .

   A.natural evolution survives strongly

   B.natural evolution is almost dead

   C.artificial evolution brings humans interests

   D.artificial evolution causes species' extinction 

(   ) 4. We can infer from the passage that        .

   A. artificial evolution is the future   B. artificial evolution causes mess

   C.natural evolution causes species to die   D. natural evolution will completely stop

1-4 DAB A 

A數(shù)千年來(lái)，人類(lèi)根據(jù)自己的需要，創(chuàng)造了無(wú)數(shù)新的動(dòng)植物物種；與此同時(shí)，自然進(jìn)化卻在逐漸消退和衰落。未來(lái)屬于人工進(jìn)化。

1. D詞義猜測(cè)題。參見(jiàn)第4題的注釋?zhuān)匀贿M(jìn)化讓位于人工培育,所以巳經(jīng)處于"次要的地位"了。

2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三、四段可知，人工進(jìn)化可以避免一些有缺陷和損壞了的基因，可以用于醫(yī)學(xué)，使人的品質(zhì)得到改進(jìn),避免不良基因的遺傳，等等，由此可知，人工進(jìn)化可給人類(lèi)帶來(lái)好處。

3.B主旨大意題。第一和最后一段相呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了自然進(jìn)化的衰退和枯竭，換句話(huà)說(shuō)：自然進(jìn)化幾乎死亡,這便是本文作者想要告訴讀者的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)第二、三段可知，人工進(jìn)化具有優(yōu)劣雙重性。

4.A推理判斷題。第一段說(shuō)人類(lèi)培育出了很多物種，與此同時(shí)自然進(jìn)化緩慢,已經(jīng)讓位于人工物種培育(見(jiàn)最后一句) ；接下來(lái)的三段圍繞著人工培育的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)展開(kāi)了討論，都表現(xiàn)出其強(qiáng)大的力量，以及自然進(jìn)化的衰退。由此可推知，人工進(jìn)化將是未來(lái)的主流。最后一段也給予了呼應(yīng)。

題目來(lái)源：丟分題高中英語(yǔ)高二上 > Unit 5 The power of nature

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