閱讀下面一篇短文并做后面的題目。

Requests That Get Results

　　There are many different ways of making requests. For example, if someone wants to borrow a dollar, he or she can say: “Could you lend me a dollar?” “Do you have a dollar?” “You don't have a dollar, do you?”

　　How does a person know which request to use? Language researchers have suggested that speakers must make several important decisions. First, they must consider the other person's feelings because requests can sometimes cause embarrassment(窘迫) to both the speaker and the listener. If the speaker thinks the listener will accept the request, he or she will probably use a less formal request; however, if the speaker thinks the listener may decline(拒絕) the request, he or she will probably use a fairly formal request. The listener then has to make a choice either to accept or refuse the request. If he or she refuses, then both the speaker and listener might be embarrassed.

　　In addition, speakers must decide how well they know the person they are requesting something from and choose a suitable question. If the speaker knows the listener well, one of several types of requests can be used. For example:

　　1．Make a statement with need: “I need a dollar.”

　　2．Use an imperative: “Please lend me a dollar.”

　　3．Use a question: “Do you have a dollar?”

　　If the speaker doesn't know the listener well, one of several types of requests can be used instead．For example:

　　4．Ask about ability: “Could / Can you lend me a dollar?”

　　5．Use may: “May I borrow a dollar?”

　　6．Ask for permission: “Would it OK if I borrowed a dollar?”

　　7．Express curiosity: “I wonder if I could borrow a dollar?”

　　8．State the request negatively: “I don't suppose you could lend me a dollar?”

　　9．Apologize: “I hope you don't mind my asking you for a dollar?”

　　10．Give a hint: “I wish I had a dollar.”

　　Knowing how to make requests means knowing different types of requests as well as when each type of request is appropriate.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷下面各句，分別在Less formal或More formal下打“√”，在Type下寫(xiě)出該句所屬文中列舉的10種類(lèi)型之一的標(biāo)號(hào)，如“1，2，3，……”。

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2011屆廣東省中山市桂山中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語(yǔ)卷 題型：寫(xiě)作題

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。
A report was shown in the yesterday’s newspaper, which made all the families moved deeply. This report was about a seven-year-old boy, named BoWen, suffered from blood cancer and the doctor said he would die soon. But he said he didn’t want to die before his dream came true.
Bo Wen has stayed with his father all the time since his mother divorced with his father five years ago. But as soon as his mother heard that Bo Wen was seriously sick, she came to Bo Wen in a flash and was willing to donate her blood to Bo Wen.
Seeing mother again, BoWen was very happy and excited. Gradually, he still found mother and father didn’t get on well with each other. How he hoped they would get together again! So he thought of a good idea. Every time when parents were not beside, he sent messages to mother with father’s mobile phone and to Father with mother’s in the same way which read: “I love you, I miss you, I am waiting for you to have dinner at home, I am mistaken, please forgive me and so on”. At the beginning, his parents misunderstood each other. However, realizing that all the messages were sent by Bo Wen, they felt very shocked and puzzled. They went to Bo Wen. To their surprise, Bo Wen said very difficultly “Sorry but I heartedly hope you will remarry and won’t let me alone again”.
At last, they held a wedding happily. And Bo Wen became better and better.
讀了這篇文章后, 全班同學(xué)非常佩服Bo Wen的做法，孩子生命垂危之時(shí)，還為父母做了如此偉大的事情，請(qǐng)給Bo Wen寫(xiě)一封信，發(fā)表你的感言。
【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】
1．以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；
2．然后以120個(gè)詞介紹你的感受，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：
（1）小Bo Wen 的偉大事跡感染社會(huì)；
（2）描述“愛(ài)”使家庭重新結(jié)合；
（3）表達(dá)你的感言。
【寫(xiě)作要求】
1．作文中可使用自己的真實(shí)打算或虛構(gòu)的打算，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱；
3．信的開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)寫(xiě)出來(lái)。
【評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】
概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，語(yǔ)篇連貫。
Dear Little Bo Wen,
Thank you for your doing everything for your parents.
                                                                                       
                                                                                      
Wish you in good health soon!
Love yours,
Peter

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年廣東陸豐市碣石中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期第一次月考英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：寫(xiě)作題

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)作文。
This is a story that happened in a school campus. One day, after school was over, Peter was taking a walk in the school campus, singing very happily. When he passed by a water tap(水龍頭), he found that water was still running.Someone forgot to turn it off although it was the easiest thing for him to turn it off, and he should have done so，he seemed not to have noticed it and went on walking as if nothing was happening there.   
Just then, Mary was passing by and noticed that. Who left the water running after using it? she thought to herself. She rushed to the tap and turned it off as quickly as possible.When　Mary was doing that, Peter was right there, standing beside her with a cold look. Mary turned to him and scolded him for not having turned off the tap. “It is none of my business！”P(pán)eter said coldly, Besides, it was not I who had turned it on.”Hearing this, Mary was very disappointed and she was at a great loss.
【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】
1．以約30個(gè)詞概括短文要點(diǎn)；
2.然后從"節(jié)約資源，保護(hù)環(huán)境，從身邊小事做起”這一角度，寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的英語(yǔ)作文。內(nèi)容包括：    
(1)簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)述Mary或Peter的行為并說(shuō)明你的理由；    
(2)敘述你或你身邊所發(fā)生的類(lèi)似的故事；    
(3)談?wù)勀愕母惺芘c啟發(fā)。
【寫(xiě)作要求】
1.作文中，可以使用自己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱；
3.標(biāo)題為：Try to Do the Small Things around You

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2013-2014學(xué)年廣東省山一高三上學(xué)期第二次統(tǒng)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：書(shū)面表達(dá)

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。

Mountain climbers around the world dream about going up Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world. But many people who have climbed the mountain have left waste material that is harming the environment.

A team of Americans is planning the largest clean-up effort ever on Qomolangma. They will make the risky trip up the mountain next month.

The team of eight Americans will be guided by more than twenty Sherpas of Nepal(尼泊爾夏爾巴人). Their goal is to remove all the rubbish they see. They will spend two months cleaning up the mountain by gathering oxygen bottles, fuel containers, batteries, drink cans, human waste and all kinds of disposable products(一次性產(chǎn)品). They are expected to remove at least three tons of rubbish in large bags.

Team leader Robert Hoffman is making his fourth trip up the mountain. He says he hopes to bring Qomolangma to the condition it was in before the first successful climb fifty years ago. He says he hopes the effort will influence other people to clean up the environment closer home.

Disposable products on Qomolangma are a major concern. So the clean-up team will take along newly developed equipment to collect and treat disposable products. Over the years, the disposable products have polluted the mountain. In the warm season when the ice melts, the polluted water flows to Nepali villages below. The problem has gotten worse in recent years because climbing Qomolangma has become more popular.

【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】

1．以約30個(gè)詞概括短文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)；

2．以約120個(gè)詞就 “Cleaning the World”這個(gè)主題寫(xiě)一篇短文，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：

（1）你所居住的地方周?chē)嬖谠鯓拥沫h(huán)境問(wèn)題？

（2）你認(rèn)為這個(gè)問(wèn)題是什么造成的？

（3）為幫助解決這一問(wèn)題，你做了什么？

【寫(xiě)作要求】

    1.可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

    2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱

【評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】

概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，語(yǔ)篇連貫。

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。

    Mountain climbers around the world dream about going up Mount Everest (珠穆朗瑪峰). It is the highest mountain in the world. But many people who have climbed the mountain have left waste material that is harming the environment.?

A team of Americans is planning the largest clean-up effort ever on Mount Everest. They will make the risky trip up the mountain next month.?

The team of eight Americans will be guided by more than twenty Sherpas of Nepal(尼泊爾夏爾巴人). Their goal is to remove all the trash they see. They will spend two months cleaning up the mountain by gathering oxygen bottles, fuel containers, batteries, drink cans, human waste and all kinds of disposable products. They are expected to remove at least three tons of trash in large bags.

Team leader Robert Hoffman is making his fourth trip up the mountain. He says he hopes to bring Everest to the condition it was in before the first successful climb fifty years ago. He says he hopes the effort will influence other people to clean up the environment closer home.?

Disposable products on Everest are a major concern. So the clean-up team will take along newly developed equipment to collect and treat disposable products. Over the years, the disposable products have polluted the mountain. In the warm season when the ice melts, the polluted water flows to Nepali villages below. The problem has gotten worse in recent years because climbing Everest has become more popular.?

[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]

1．以約30詞概括短文要點(diǎn)。

2．然后以約120詞就“人與環(huán)境”為主題寫(xiě)一篇短文，并包括以下的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：

   a) 人類(lèi)目前生存的環(huán)境狀態(tài)以及存在的問(wèn)題；

   b) 如何提高環(huán)境質(zhì)量；作為中學(xué)生我們可以做些什么。

[寫(xiě)作要求]

可以使用事例或其他論述方法支持你的論點(diǎn)，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但是不得直接引用閱讀材料中的句子。

[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]

概括準(zhǔn)確、語(yǔ)言規(guī)范、內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。

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