In the year 480 BC the Greek allies (聯(lián)軍) faced invasion by the King of Persia, Xerxes, who commanded a huge army of about half a million men. When the Persian army marched into northern Greece, the Greek states, led by Athens and Sparta, were ill equipped to deal with the threat. The Persians were well supplied with food and weapons. Their army included infantry, cavalry, and a large navy. It seemed that they would easily defeat the Greeks.

    The Greek allies decided to send 10,000 men northwards to slow down the Persians, while the rest prepared to defend their homelands. A group of 300 best Spartan soldiers were chosen to lead the force going north, with Leonidas in command. Leonidas realized that the only hope of slowing the Persians would be to block the narrow passage of land at Thermopylae. The Pass of

Thermopylae was the route between the mountains and the sea, and was so narrow that only a few men could get through at a time.

     When the Persian army arrived at Thermopylae, they found Leonidas' tiny army opposing them. The Persians attacked, but could not get through. They attacked again and again, but each time they were driven back by the Greeks, led by the fearless Spartans. Leonidas' plan worked well until a Greek traitor called Ephialtes went m Xerxes. He told the Persian king about a goat's path in the mountains that would take the Persian army past Thermopylae. When Leonidas saw the enemy crossing the mountains, he realized that he could no longer hold Thermopylae. He sent all the Greek soldiers except the 300 Spartans back to their homelands.

     The Spartans waited for the 500,000 Persians at the goat’s path. Although hopelessly outnumbered, the Spartans fought bravely. They all died, but the other Greeks were able to get home to strengthen the defenses.

61. Compared with the Persian army, the Greek allies were very________.

    A. powerful        B. wise           C. weak          D. foolish

62. The Pass of Thermopylae was very important for the Greeks because __

    A. it was easy to hold but hard to attack

    B. only very small boats could get through it

    C, it was a secret pass unknown to the Persians

    D. a huge number of soldiers could be stationed there

63. Why did Leonidas send most of his soldiers back to their homelands?

    A. Because their homelands were under attack.

    B. Because he found they were not brave enough.

    C. Because the Persians gave up attacking Thermopylae.

    D. Because he found it impossible to hold Thermopylae.

64. Which of the following is NOT ture according to the passage?

    A. Leonidas was a great commander.

    B. The Persians failed to pass Thermopylae.

    C. Ephialtes betrayed his own country.

    D. The 300 Spatans would be regarded as heroes by the Greeks.

65. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

  A. The Greek Allies  B. The Goat’s Path  C. The King of Persia  D. Xerxes and Ephialtes

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012屆山西省山大附中高三第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解


One night, as Diaz stepped off the train and onto a nearly empty platform, a teenage boy approached and pulled out a knife.
“He wanted my money, so I just gave him my wallet and told him, ‘Here you go ’” Diaz says.
As the teen began to walk away, Diaz told him, “Hey, wait a minute. You forgot something. If you’re going to be robbing people for the rest of the night, you might as well take my coat to keep you warm.”
The robber looked at him puzzled, saying, “Why are you doing this?”
Diaz replied, “If you’re willing to risk your freedom for a few dollars, then you must really need the money. I mean, all I wanted to do was get dinner and if you really want to join me…..”
Diaz says he and the teen went into a diner and sat in a booth.
“The manager comes by, the dishwashers come by, the waiters come by to say hi,” Diaz says.
The kid said, “You know everybody here. Do you own this place?”
“No, I just eat here a lot,” Dias said. “But you’re even nice to the dishwasher,” he said.
Diaz replied, “Well, haven’t you been taught you should be nice to everybody?”
“Yea, but I didn’t think people actually behaved that way,” the teen said.
When the bill arrived, Diaz said, “You’re going to have to pay for this bill because you have my money and I can’t pay for this. So if you give me my wallet back, I’ll gladly treat you.”
The teen returned it immediately. “I gave him $20…. I figure maybe it’ll help him.” Diaz says he asked for something in return--- the teen’s knife--- “and he gave it to me.”
Afterwards, when Diaz told his mother what happened, she said, “You’re the type of kid that if someone asked you for the time, you gave them your watch.”
“I figure, you know, if you treat people right, you can only hope that they treat you right. It’s as simple as it gets in this complicated world.”
【小題1】What did Diaz do to the teen?

A．He gave the teen a new walletB．He treated the teen to dinner
C．He gave his coat to the teenD．He taught the teen a lesson
【小題2】From the passage we can infer that the boy _______.
A．expressed his gratitude for Diaz’s kindness
B．gave up the idea of robbing in the end
C．wasn’t taught how to be nice to everybody
D．gave the knife to Diaz in return for his forgiveness
【小題3】For what Diaz did, his mother showed an attitude of _______.
A．complaintB．concernC．criticismD．praise
【小題4】By telling the story of Diaz, the author intends to tell us ______.
A．to keep calm in dangerB．not to go out alone at night
C．to treat others kindlyD．not to harm others on purpose

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015屆安徽省高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Astronomers have captured(捕獲) the first direct image of a planet being born.

Adam Kraus, of the University of Hawaii’s Institute for Astronomy, said the planet is being formed out of dust and gas circling a 2-million-yea-old star about 450 light years from Earth.

The planet itself, based on scientific models of how planets form, is believed to have started taking shape about 50,000 to 100,000 years ago.

Called LkCa 15b, it’s the youngest planet ever observed. The previous record holder was about five times older.

Kraus and his colleague, Michael Ireland from Macquarie University and the Australian Astronomical Observatory, used Keck telescopes on Mauna Kea(a volcano on the island of Hawaii, US) to find the planet. Kraus presented the discovery Wednesday at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland.

Observing planets while they’re forming can help scientists answer questions like weather planets form early in the life of a star or later, and whether they form relatively close to stars or father away.

Planets can change orbits(軌道) after forming, so it’s difficult to answer such questions by studying older planets.

“These very basic questions of when and where are best answered when you can actually see the planet forming, as the process is happening right now,” Kraus said.

Scientists hadn’t been able to see such young planets before because the stars they’re circling around outshine(光亮強(qiáng)過(guò)) them. Kraus and Ireland used two techniques to overcome this problem.

One method, which is also used by other astronomers, was to change the shape of the telescope mirrors to remove light distortion(扭曲) created by the Earth’s atmosphere. The other method they used, which was unique, was to put masks with several holes over most of the telescope mirrors. The combination of these techniques allowed the astronomers to obtain high-quality images that let them see the planet next to the bright star.

The star LkCa 15—the planet is named after its star—was the team’s second target. They immediately knew they were seeing something new, so they plan to gather more data on the star.

1.The research on younger planets helps scientists _____________.

A. study why planets change orbits after forming

B. understand how planets move around their stars

C. answer questions about the age of stars and planets

D. know the relationship between planets and their stars

2.Why are young planets like LkCa 15b hard to discover?

A. Their stars are brighter than them..      B. They are very far from the earth.

C. They are generally too small.           D. They rarely form.

3.According to the text, Kraus and Ireland _____________.

A. have been working in the same university

B. observed the planet on a volcano in Hawaii

C. used two new methods in the observation

D. cut holes in the mirrors when observing

4.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Youngest planet seen as it’s forming.

B. Planet 450 light years away discovered.

C. World’s first direct image of a planet taken.

D. New technique helps discover young planets.

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015屆安徽省高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Astronomers have captured(捕獲) the first direct image of a planet being born.

Adam Kraus, of the University of Hawaii’s Institute for Astronomy, said the planet is being formed out of dust and gas circling a 2-million-yea-old star about 450 light years from Earth.

The planet itself, based on scientific models of how planets form, is believed to have started taking shape about 50,000 to 100,000 years ago.

Called LkCa 15b, it’s the youngest planet ever observed. The previous record holder was about five times older.

Kraus and his colleague, Michael Ireland from Macquarie University and the Australian Astronomical Observatory, used Keck telescopes on Mauna Kea(a volcano on the island of Hawaii, US) to find the planet. Kraus presented the discovery Wednesday at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland.

Observing planets while they’re forming can help scientists answer questions like weather planets form early in the life of a star or later, and whether they form relatively close to stars or father away.

Planets can change orbits(軌道) after forming, so it’s difficult to answer such questions by studying older planets.

“These very basic questions of when and where are best answered when you can actually see the planet forming, as the process is happening right now,” Kraus said.

Scientists hadn’t been able to see such young planets before because the stars they’re circling around outshine(光亮強(qiáng)過(guò)) them. Kraus and Ireland used two techniques to overcome this problem.

One method, which is also used by other astronomers, was to change the shape of the telescope mirrors to remove light distortion(扭曲) created by the Earth’s atmosphere. The other method they used, which was unique, was to put masks with several holes over most of the telescope mirrors. The combination of these techniques allowed the astronomers to obtain high-quality images that let them see the planet next to the bright star.

The star LkCa 15—the planet is named after its star—was the team’s second target. They immediately knew they were seeing something new, so they plan to gather more data on the star.

1.The research on younger planets helps scientists _____________.

A. study why planets change orbits after forming

B. understand how planets move around their stars

C. answer questions about the age of stars and planets

D. know the relationship between planets and their stars

2.Why are young planets like LkCa 15b hard to discover?

A. Their stars are brighter than them..      B. They are very far from the earth.

C. They are generally too small.           D. They rarely form.

3.According to the text, Kraus and Ireland _____________.

A. have been working in the same university

B. observed the planet on a volcano in Hawaii

C. used two new methods in the observation

D. cut holes in the mirrors when observing

4.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Youngest planet seen as it’s forming.

B. Planet 450 light years away discovered.

C. World’s first direct image of a planet taken.

D. New technique helps discover young planets.

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015屆安徽省高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Astronomers have captured(捕獲) the first direct image of a planet being born.

Adam Kraus, of the University of Hawaii’s Institute for Astronomy, said the planet is being formed out of dust and gas circling a 2-million-yea-old star about 450 light years from Earth.

The planet itself, based on scientific models of how planets form, is believed to have started taking shape about 50,000 to 100,000 years ago.

Called LkCa 15b, it’s the youngest planet ever observed. The previous record holder was about five times older.

Kraus and his colleague, Michael Ireland from Macquarie University and the Australian Astronomical Observatory, used Keck telescopes on Mauna Kea(a volcano on the island of Hawaii, US) to find the planet. Kraus presented the discovery Wednesday at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland.

Observing planets while they’re forming can help scientists answer questions like weather planets form early in the life of a star or later, and whether they form relatively close to stars or father away.

Planets can change orbits(軌道) after forming, so it’s difficult to answer such questions by studying older planets.

“These very basic questions of when and where are best answered when you can actually see the planet forming, as the process is happening right now,” Kraus said.

Scientists hadn’t been able to see such young planets before because the stars they’re circling around outshine(光亮強(qiáng)過(guò)) them. Kraus and Ireland used two techniques to overcome this problem.

One method, which is also used by other astronomers, was to change the shape of the telescope mirrors to remove light distortion(扭曲) created by the Earth’s atmosphere. The other method they used, which was unique, was to put masks with several holes over most of the telescope mirrors. The combination of these techniques allowed the astronomers to obtain high-quality images that let them see the planet next to the bright star.

The star LkCa 15—the planet is named after its star—was the team’s second target. They immediately knew they were seeing something new, so they plan to gather more data on the star.

1.The research on younger planets helps scientists _____________.

A. study why planets change orbits after forming

B. understand how planets move around their stars

C. answer questions about the age of stars and planets

D. know the relationship between planets and their stars

2.Why are young planets like LkCa 15b hard to discover?

A. Their stars are brighter than them..      B. They are very far from the earth.

C. They are generally too small.           D. They rarely form.

3.According to the text, Kraus and Ireland _____________.

A. have been working in the same university

B. observed the planet on a volcano in Hawaii

C. used two new methods in the observation

D. cut holes in the mirrors when observing

4.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Youngest planet seen as it’s forming.

B. Planet 450 light years away discovered.

C. World’s first direct image of a planet taken.

D. New technique helps discover young planets.

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：山西省模擬題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     One night, as Diaz stepped off the train and onto a nearly empty platform, a teenage boy approached
and pulled out a knife.
     "He wanted my money, so I just gave him my wallet and told him, 'Here you go '" Diaz says.
     As the teen began to walk away, Diaz told him, "Hey, wait a minute. You forgot something. If you're
going to be robbing people for the rest of the night, you might as well take my coat to keep you warm."
     The robber looked at him puzzled, saying, "Why are you doing this?"
     Diaz replied, "If you're willing to risk your freedom for a few dollars, then you must really need the
money. I mean, all I wanted to do was get dinner and if you really want to join me….."
     Diaz says he and the teen went into a diner and sat in a booth.
     "The manager comes by, the dishwashers come by, the waiters come by to say hi," Diaz says.
     The kid said, "You know everybody here. Do you own this place?"
     "No, I just eat here a lot," Dias said. "But you're even nice to the dishwasher," he said.
     Diaz replied, "Well, haven't you been taught you should be nice to everybody?"
     "Yea, but I didn't think people actually behaved that way," the teen said.
     When the bill arrived, Diaz said, "You're going to have to pay for this bill because you have my
money and I can't pay for this. So if you give me my wallet back, I'll gladly treat you."
     The teen returned it immediately. "I gave him $20…I figure maybe it'll help him." Diaz says he asked
for something in return--- the teen's knife--- "and he gave it to me."
     Afterwards, when Diaz told his mother what happened, she said, "You're the type of kid that if
someone asked you for the time, you gave them your watch."
     "I figure, you know, if you treat people right, you can only hope that they treat you right. It's as simple
as it gets in this complicated world."
1. What did Diaz do to the teen?
A. He gave the teen a new wallet
B. He treated the teen to dinner
C. He gave his coat to the teen
D. He taught the teen a lesson
2. From the passage we can infer that the boy _______.
A. expressed his gratitude for Diaz's kindness
B. gave up the idea of robbing in the end
C. wasn't taught how to be nice to everybody
D. gave the knife to Diaz in return for his forgiveness
3. For what Diaz did, his mother showed an attitude of _______.
A. complaint          
B. concern          
C. criticism            
D. praise
4. By telling the story of Diaz, the author intends to tell us ______.
A. to keep calm in danger
B. not to go out alone at night
C. to treat others kindly
D. not to harm others on purpose

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