閱讀理解

人類從開始做飯洗衣，就開始了對環(huán)境的污染。幸虧環(huán)境有自凈力，人類才安全生息。人口急速增加，工業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展，環(huán)境不堪重負(fù)。土地、空氣、水的污染已影響到人類的健康和幸福，沉重代價(jià)喚起了人們的醒悟：地球是我們共有的家園，需要我們精心呵護(hù)。

　　 The earth is our home. We must take care of it. This means keeping the land, air and water clean.

　　  Pollution is a "dirty" word. To pollute means to make things unfit or unclean to us. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, taste it and drink it. Pollution is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness and our life.

　　  Man has been polluting the earth from the time he first made fire, washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the ground. When land was used up or water became dirty, man moved on to another place. At first the problem was not so serious because there was plenty of clean air, land and water. There weren't so many people then and their wants were fewer. All the dirty things could be absorbed by nature and soon covered over. But this is no longer true. The increase of population and the development of industry have changed that. Man is slowly poisoning his surroundings.

　　 Through the use of poison, man has polluted the land, killing the animals. By putting dirty water and chemicals into river and lakes we have polluted our drinking water, killing the fish.

Our increasing population is part of the problem. More people, more waste. Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a big rubbish dump, or is there any hope that we can get rid of the pollution? Fortunately, millions of people have been warned of the danger of pollution. Large numbers of people are now working hard to bring pollution under control.

All the following statements are true except "_______" according to the passage.

  A. We live on the earth, so we should pay more attention to it.

  B. To pollute means to make air, water and soil unfit for use.

  C. All the waste produced by modern industry can be absorbed and made harmless.

  D. Man is now fighting a battle against different kinds of pollution.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：英語教研室 題型：050

閱讀理解

人類從開始做飯洗衣，就開始了對環(huán)境的污染。幸虧環(huán)境有自凈力，人類才安全生息。人口急速增加，工業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展，環(huán)境不堪重負(fù)。土地、空氣、水的污染已影響到人類的健康和幸福，沉重代價(jià)喚起了人們的醒悟：地球是我們共有的家園，需要我們精心呵護(hù)。

　　 The earth is our home. We must take care of it. This means keeping the land, air and water clean.

　　  Pollution is a "dirty" word. To pollute means to make things unfit or unclean to us. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, taste it and drink it. Pollution is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness and our life.

　　  Man has been polluting the earth from the time he first made fire, washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the ground. When land was used up or water became dirty, man moved on to another place. At first the problem was not so serious because there was plenty of clean air, land and water. There weren't so many people then and their wants were fewer. All the dirty things could be absorbed by nature and soon covered over. But this is no longer true. The increase of population and the development of industry have changed that. Man is slowly poisoning his surroundings.

　　 Through the use of poison, man has polluted the land, killing the animals. By putting dirty water and chemicals into river and lakes we have polluted our drinking water, killing the fish.

Our increasing population is part of the problem. More people, more waste. Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a big rubbish dump, or is there any hope that we can get rid of the pollution? Fortunately, millions of people have been warned of the danger of pollution. Large numbers of people are now working hard to bring pollution under control.

All the following statements are true except "_______" according to the passage.

  A. We live on the earth, so we should pay more attention to it.

  B. To pollute means to make air, water and soil unfit for use.

  C. All the waste produced by modern industry can be absorbed and made harmless.

  D. Man is now fighting a battle against different kinds of pollution.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下文，完成文后各題。

“進(jìn)化”不了的愛

孫君飛

進(jìn)化論包含著殘酷的叢林法則，也隱含著生命的自私自利性。一個(gè)生命個(gè)體要想很好地生存下去，必須要將自己變得更優(yōu)秀，學(xué)會(huì)“排他”，否則優(yōu)勝劣汰的只能是自己。不過，人們在觀察工蜂時(shí)，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們并未受到進(jìn)化論的影響，它們混沌若當(dāng)初，或者說它們完美地保持著一種純粹而崇高的精神，這使它們成為生命進(jìn)化中的另類。

工蜂屬于生殖器官發(fā)育不完善的雌性蜂，即便能夠產(chǎn)卵，也只是沒有受精的卵，因此它們自身沒有繁殖能力。這種缺陷可怕而又不幸，然而工蜂對此無動(dòng)于衷，甘愿終身攜帶著缺陷而生，從未奢望將自身進(jìn)化得更完美更強(qiáng)悍。值得稱道的是，工蜂的適應(yīng)性反而很強(qiáng)大，它們擁有相當(dāng)厲害的武器——毒刺，刺上長有倒鉤，一旦“亮劍”就不能回收利用。工蜂的毒刺是不折不扣的雙刃劍，在傷及侵害者的同時(shí)，自己的生命也面臨著終結(jié)。

蜜蜂家族中令人難以置信的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)更加震驚著世人的心靈，在這里一切都那么井然有序，合乎“法則”，一切又那么一往情深，合乎“生命之愛”。蜜蜂的利他主義行為也許會(huì)讓達(dá)爾文難以理解，失去繁殖能力卻能夠?qū)⒏鞣N特征和習(xí)性一代代傳承下去的工蜂可能更讓達(dá)爾文目瞪口呆吧。答案其實(shí)很簡單，一切都源于蜜蜂與眾不同的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)。換言之，存在于工蜂體內(nèi)的遺傳基因極其頑強(qiáng)，只有它們才會(huì)驅(qū)使工蜂去鞠躬盡瘁地照顧其它跟自己具有相同基因的生命，甚至為對方犧牲自己，卻無怨無悔。

蜂后產(chǎn)下的受精卵天生高貴，常常會(huì)孵化出雌性幼蜂，而延續(xù)高貴的辦法只有一個(gè)：它們只有食用了工蜂分泌的蜂王漿之后，才能發(fā)育成具有生殖能力的小蜂后，否則它們在長大后依然屬于工蜂——從出生時(shí)開始，便將生命獻(xiàn)給蜂群、終日辛勞的工蜂！

由于小蜂后的基因與工蜂的基因幾乎相同，從身形外貌上看，彼此也幾乎一模一樣，這也許使工蜂頓感一陣甜蜜而幸福、神圣而自豪的恍然：站在我面前的，莫不是又一個(gè)“我”？我由此獲得了新生，得到了永恒……工蜂在含辛茹苦喂養(yǎng)小蜂后的過程中，彼此的血緣關(guān)系升至最親密最牢固。它們原本不是毫不相關(guān)的兩個(gè)，而是見證生命延續(xù)、利他友愛的兩個(gè)。因?yàn)橄嗤幕虼婊钤谒鼈兊纳�，工蜂在潛意識(shí)里將蜂后看得比自己的生命更為重要，為了對方、也為了另一個(gè)“我”和“我們”，它們可以在必要時(shí)完全放棄自己現(xiàn)實(shí)的生命及其未來。

（選自在《思維與智慧》有刪節(jié)）

下列關(guān)于“工蜂”的表述，不符合原文意思的一項(xiàng)是

  A．作為生命個(gè)體，工蜂的生命隱含著自私自利性，要想不被淘汰，它必須將自己變得更優(yōu)秀，學(xué)會(huì)“排他”。   

  B．工蜂之所以成為生命進(jìn)化中的另類，是因?yàn)樗鼈兺昝赖乇３种环N純粹而崇高的精神，并未受到進(jìn)化論的影響。   

  C．工蜂的適應(yīng)性很強(qiáng)，尾部長有倒鉤的毒刺是相當(dāng)厲害的武器，在傷及侵害者的同時(shí)，工蜂的生命也意味著終結(jié)。   

  D．從出生開始，就為蜂群而終日辛勞的工蜂，能把各種特征和習(xí)性一代代傳承下去，靠的是與眾不同的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)。

下列有關(guān)“蜜蜂繁殖"的表述，符合原文意思的一項(xiàng)是

  A．蜂后是具有生殖能力的雌性蜂，產(chǎn)下的受精卵天生高貴，孵化出雌性幼蜂，幼蜂長大以后就成為新一代蜂后。

  B．工蜂自身沒有繁殖能力，屬于生殖器官發(fā)育不完善的雌性蜂，即便能夠產(chǎn)卵，也只是沒有受精的卵，不能孵化幼蜂。

  C．存在于工蜂體內(nèi)的遺傳基因極其頑強(qiáng)，它驅(qū)使工蜂分泌蜂王漿，鞠躬盡瘁地照顧和自己具有相同基因的“孩子”。

  D．蜂后負(fù)責(zé)產(chǎn)卵，工蜂負(fù)責(zé)喂養(yǎng)幼蜂，因而小蜂后的基因與工蜂的基因幾乎相同，身形外貌上也幾乎一模一樣。

下列根據(jù)原文信息所作的推斷，不正確的一項(xiàng)是

  A．采粉、釀蜜、飼喂幼蟲的工蜂是蜂群的主體，兒歌唱的“小蜜蜂，整天忙，采花蜜，釀蜜糖”，指的就是工蜂。

  B．蜜蜂家族一切都井然有序，合乎“法則”，合乎“生命之愛”，人類如果借鑒了這種社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)．可能會(huì)更有利于社會(huì)和諧。

  C．為了蜂后和后代，工蜂不惜犧牲自己，是因?yàn)樗鼈冇蟹瞰I(xiàn)精神，潛意識(shí)里將蜂后和后代看得比自己的生命更重要。

  D．工蜂一生從事的是利他的事業(yè)，而不是優(yōu)化自己的結(jié)構(gòu)來繁衍后代，從這一點(diǎn)來看，    達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論“適者生存”不科學(xué)。

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