Question

【題目】 A child who suffers bullying(霸凌) usually has low self-esteem and their ability to learn and be successful at school is greatly lessened. Therefore, bullying must be stopped.

The best and most obvious way to stop bullying in schools is for parents to change the way they raise their children at home. Of course, this is much easier said than done and everyone raises their children differently. Bullies, however, come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and “get their way”. Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot, so children have been modeled on such violence. Parental involvement is often lacking in bullies’ lives and there seems to be little warmth.

Early intervention (干預(yù)) is truly the best way to stop bullying, but parents of the victims or therapists(治療師) can’t alter the bully’s home environment. Some things can be done at the school level, however. Most school programs that address bullying apply a multi-faceted(多層面的) method to the problem.

Hand out questionnaires to all students and teachers and discuss if bullying is occurring. Define exactly what constitutes(構(gòu)成) bullying at school. The questionnaire is a wonderful tool that allows the school to see how widespread bullying is and what forms it is taking. It is a good way to start to solve the problem.

Get the children’s parents involved in a bullying program. If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school, then the whole bullying program will not be effective. Stopping bullying in school takes teamwork and concentrated effort on everyone’s part. Bullying also should be discussed during parent-teacher conferences and PTA meetings. Parental awareness is the key.

In the classroom setting, all teachers should work with the students on bullying. Oftentimes even the teacher is being bullied in the classroom and a program should be set up to teach about bullying. Children understand modeling behaviors and role-play and acting out bullying situations is a very effective tool. Have students role-play a bullying situation.

【1】In the author’s opinion, bullies usually _____________.

A.have extremely high self-esteem

B.know little of the harm of violence

C.look forward to parental involvement

D.experience or witness violence at home

【2】What does the underlined word “alter” in paragraph 3 mean?

A.understandB.change

C.removeD.approach

【3】Paragraph 5 suggests that it’s important to ______________.

A.make a punishment program effective

B.let parents know their children are bullies

C.find the key to improving security at school

D.make parents conscious of bullying at school

【4】What is the passage mainly about?

A.How to stop bullying in school.B.What leads to violence in schools.

C.What parents can do to stop bullying.D.How to comfort those who are bullied.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，講述了霸凌現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因以及解決方法。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Bullies, however, come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and “get their way”. Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot, so children have been modeled on such violence.可知，然而，霸凌者來(lái)自使用體罰的家庭，孩子們被教導(dǎo)說(shuō)，體罰是處理問(wèn)題和“為所欲為”的方式。霸凌者通常也來(lái)自父母經(jīng)常打架的家庭，所以孩子們就以這種暴力為榜樣。故選D。

【2】詞義猜測(cè)題。上文提到霸凌者主要是受到家庭的影響，但是受害者的父母和治療師是不能改變霸凌者的家庭環(huán)境的。由此可以推斷劃線詞的意思是改變。故選B。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school, then the whole bullying program will not be effective.以及Parental awareness is the key.可知，父母的意識(shí)是最重要的，故選D。

【4】主旨大意題。本文主要是向大家分析了霸凌現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因，以及如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，文章第一段就出現(xiàn)了Therefore.bullying must be stopped.表明霸凌必須被制止的觀點(diǎn)，下文又具體說(shuō)明應(yīng)該如何做，所以這篇文章的大意就是如何去制止霸凌現(xiàn)象。故選A。

主旨大意題解題技巧：

位于文首：一般而言，以演繹法去撰寫(xiě)的文章，主題句往往在文章的開(kāi)頭，即先點(diǎn)出主題，然后圍繞這一主題做具體的陳述。

位于文中： 有些文章是先介紹背景和細(xì)節(jié)，接著用一句話綜合或概括形的話概括前面所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容或事例，然后在圍繞主題展開(kāi)對(duì)有關(guān)問(wèn)題的討論。

位于文末：有些文章會(huì)在開(kāi)頭列舉事實(shí)，然后通過(guò)論證闡述核心論點(diǎn)。

首尾呼應(yīng)：主題句在文章的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾兩個(gè)位置上先后的弧線，形成前后呼應(yīng)的格局。

第四小題考查本文的主旨大意，在文章的第一段就出現(xiàn)了Therefore, bullying must be stopped.這個(gè)句子，表明了霸凌必須被制止的觀點(diǎn)，下文又具體說(shuō)明應(yīng)該如何做，所以這篇文章的大意就是如何去制止霸凌現(xiàn)象。所以選A。