Question

【題目】任務(wù)型閱讀,請認真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰當?shù)膯卧~。

注意：每空格只填1個單詞。請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。

Everybody loves self-improvement. That’s why we’re such enthusiastic consumers of “top 10” lists of things to do to be a more productive, promotable, mindful— you name it—leader. But these lists seldom work. What if we didn’t think of self-improvement as work? What if we thought of it as play—specifically, as playing with our sense of self?

Traditionally, people work on themselves, committed to doing everything in their power to change their leadership style. You set your goals and objectives, you are mindful of your time, and seek efficient solutions. You’re not going to deviate(偏離) from the straight and narrow. You focus on what you should do, especially as others see it, as opposed to what you want to do. It’s all very serious and not whole of fun. There is one right answer. Success or failure is the outcome. We judge ourselves.

In contrast, no matter what you’re up to, when you’re in “play” mode, your primary drivers are enjoyment and discovery instead of goals and objectives. You’re curious. You lose track of time. Like in all forms if play, the journey becomes more important than a pre-set destination.

Much research shows how play develops creativity and innovation. Play with your own idea of yourself is similar to playing with future possibilities. So, we stop evaluating today’s self against unachievable ideal of leadership that doesn’t really exist. We also stop trying to will ourselves to “commit” to becoming something we are not even sure we want to be—what we call the “feared self”, which is composed of images negative role models. And, we shift direction from submitting to what other people want us to be to becoming more self-authoring. As a result, when you play, you’re more creative and more open to what you might learn about yourself.

Unfortunately, we don’t often get —or give ourselves—permission to play with our sense of self. In life, we equate playfulness with the person who dips into a great variety of possibilities, never committing to any. We find inconsistency distasteful, so we exclude options that seem too far off from today’s “authentic self”, without ever giving them a try. This kills the discontinuous growth that only comes when we surprise ourselves.

Psychoanalyst Adam Phillips once said, “people tend to play only with serious things—madness, disaster, other people.” Playing with your self is a serious effort because who we might become is not knowable or predictable at the start. That’s why it’s as dangerous as it is necessary for growth.

Lead-in	●People want to improve their【1】 . ●People can apply work mode or play mode.
【2】between the two mode	In work mode ●one is【3】and sticks to his route ●one cares about others’【4】of his performance. ●one judges himself with one standard— success or failure
	In play method ●the【5】outweighs the outcome; ●playfulness allows people to【6】with various approaches; ●playfulness helps people obtain【7】results.
The【8】with application of play mode	We usually regard playfulness as equal to non-professional.
【9】	【10】danger, playfulness is a must for our self-growth.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】leadership

【2】Comparison(s)/Differences

【3】purposeful

【4】expectation(s)

【5】process

【6】experiment

【7】surprising/unexpected

【8】problem/trouble/difficulty

【9】Conclusion

【10】Despite

【解析】試題分析：人人都想成長和發(fā)展，文章中給出了兩者個人成長和發(fā)展的方式：在工作中成長和在玩耍中成長。并分別介紹了這兩種模式的優(yōu)劣。

【1】leadership 原詞再現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第二段第一句Traditionally, people work on themselves, committed to doing everything in their power to change their leadership style.可知人們努力提高自我的目的在于提高他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力。

【2】Comparison(s)/Differences 歸納總結(jié)。根據(jù)表格右邊內(nèi)容，可知作者把工作模式和玩耍模式進行了比較。要找出這兩種模式之間的差異。所以使用名詞Comparison(s)/Differences。

【3】purposeful 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第二段第二句You set your goals and objectives, you are mindful of your time, and seek efficient solutions.可知在工作模式中，你設(shè)立目標，心無旁騖地追求有效的解決方法。這是帶有目的的，所以使用形容詞purposeful。

【4】expectation(s) 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第二段第四句You focus on what you should do, especially as others see it, as opposed to what you want to do.可知你很在于其他人對你所做的事情的看法。所以使用expectation。

【5】process 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Like in all forms if play, the journey becomes more important than a pre-set destination.當在玩耍模式中的時候，過程要比之前設(shè)立的結(jié)果更重要。

【6】experiment 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第四段前兩句Much research shows how play develops creativity and innovation. Play with your own idea of yourself is similar to playing with future possibilities.可知實驗?zāi)阕约旱南敕ê蛯嶒炍磥淼目赡苄允呛芟嗨频摹Ｒ簿褪钦f玩耍模式讓人們試驗各種方法。

【7】surprising/unexpected 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第四段第四句We also stop trying to will ourselves to “commit” to becoming something we are not even sure we want to be—what we call the “feared self”,可知玩的時候可以讓我們?nèi)プ鑫覀冏约簺]有想到的時候。因為playfulness有創(chuàng)新性。所以使用形容詞surprising/unexpected 修飾results。

【8】problem/trouble/difficulty 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第五段第一句Unfortunately, we don’t often get —or give ourselves—permission to play with our sense of self.可知在自我提高的過程中我們經(jīng)常會遇見一些問題或困難。

【9】Conclusion 總結(jié)歸納題。根據(jù)文章最后一句That’s why it’s as dangerous as it is necessary for growth.可知這是最終得出的結(jié)論。

【10】Despite 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)文章最后一句That’s why it’s as dangerous as it is necessary for growth.。雖然有一定的危險性，但playfulness是我們成長中必需的事物。