14.French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant(移植)---giving a new nose,chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.
Specialists from two French hospitals carried out the operation on a 38-year-old woman on Sunday in the northern city of Amiens by taking the face from a brain-dead woman,who had hanged herself just hours before the operation.Her family agreed on the operation.
"The patient is in an excellent state and the transplant looks normal,"the hospitals said in a brief statement after waiting three days to announce the pioneering surgery.
The woman had been left without a nose and lips after the dog attacked her last May,and was unable to talk or chew properly.Such injuries are"extremely difficult,if not impossible"to repair using normal surgical techniques,the statement said.
The statement did not say what the woman would look like when she had fully recovered,but medical experts said she was unlikely to resemble the woman who had been the source of her new face.
The operation was led by Jean-Michel Dubernard,a specialist from a hospital in Lyon who has also carried out hand transplants.
Skin transplants have long been used to treat burns and other injuries,but operations around the mouth and nose have been considered very difficult because of the area's high sensitivity(敏感) to foreign tissue.
Teams in France,the United States and Britain had been developing techniques to make face transplants a reality
There was a short-term risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked,a medium-term danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a long-term possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.
Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated,the transplant had thrown up moral(道德的)and ethical(倫理的)issues.Little is known about the psychological effect of the transplant.
28.The best title for the passage would beA.
A.French Woman has First Partial Face Transplant
B.First Face Transplant Opens Debate
C.Risks and Ethical Problems of a Face Transplant
D.A Complete Face Transplant of a French Woman
29.Why did the woman need such an operation?A
A.Her face had been bitten by a dog B.Her face had been burnt in a fire.
C.She was born especially ugly D.She wanted to test such an operation.
30.The underlined word"resemble"meansD.
A.to remember forever B.to recognize immediately
C.to set as an example D.to present similarity or likeness to
31.What can we learn about the operation?B
A.The woman had used the dead woman's whole face.
B.There has arisen(引起) a debate about the operation.
C.The woman will suffer from psychological damage soon.
D.Such transplants have been performed by doctors.
32.Which of the following is NOT one of the risks of the operation?C
A.Block of blood vessels.B.Organ rejection
C.Heart damage.D.Side effect of the drugs.
分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀,作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了法國(guó)首次部分面部移植手術(shù)成功,移植雖然是巨大進(jìn)步,但存在道德?tīng)?zhēng)議以及巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn).
解答 28.A.主旨大意題.根據(jù)第一段French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant可知主要講了法國(guó)首次部分面部移植成功;故選A.
29.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段giving a new nose,chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog可知她的臉被狗咬了失去了鼻子需要移植;故選A.
30.D.詞義猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)文章but medical experts said she was unlikely to resemble the woman who had been the source of her new face她不太可能與這位新面孔的來(lái)源相似;可知意為相似;故選D.
31.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)最后一段Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated,the transplant had thrown up moral(道德的)and ethical(倫理的)issues可知出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)關(guān)于手術(shù)的爭(zhēng)論;故選B.
32.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章手術(shù)存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有血管阻斷,器官排斥和藥物的副作用;故選C.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.