科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information for the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
The contemporary environmental movement is often said to have begun with the publication of Silent Spring by the zoologist and biologist Rachel Carson (1907–1964). This landmark work, which took Carson 4 years to complete, diligently detailed the relationship between animal death and the use— now understood as the abuse—of man-made chemicals used as pesticides, especially DDT. One of the claims of the book that she tried to demonstrate was that DDT had the effect of softening the eggshells of birds as well as interfering with their reproduction, and that such effects would lead to their extinction if use of DDT were to continue. It would eventually create a springtime of silence when the songs of birds would not be heard. Her studies also found DDT to be a cause of human cancers.
Born in Springdale, Pennsylvania, Carson graduated from the Pennsylvania College for Women in Pittsburgh (now Chatham College), where she majored in English until her junior year, when a course in biology inspired her to switch to zoology as her field of concentration. She earned a master’s degree in this area from Johns Hopkins University and became a biologist at the Bureau of Fisheries in 1936. During this time, she wrote for various national magazines, and her first book, Under the Sea-Wind, was published. Carson had concerns as early as 1945 about pesticides being used more and more by the government. But her cautionary claims in Silent Spring were met with anger by the pesticide and chemical industries. Her authority as a scientist were challenged, and it was held that her findings were just the roars of a hysterical(歇斯底里的) woman. She was even accused of being a member of the Communist Party. Some go so far as to say that she told a lie .
But She is often celebrated as the founder of the contemporary U.S. environmental movement. Yet her work in Silent Spring, warning about the misuse of pesticides and other chemicals, has not as yet taken firm hold. Americans likely use twice as much the volume of pesticides that they did at the time she published her seminal work, and globally, their use is ever increasing. Powerful pesticides are sold over the counter, and their use is so widespread that many environmentalists are fearful that chemical runoff into streams and rivers is still popullting the animals that humans eat and the water that they drink.
In short, while the main purpose of Silent Spring was to warn the public of the dangers of the overuse of pesticides and chemicals, nonetheless the public hasn’t refused such use. Isn't it time that we firmly said no to pesticides?
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科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
Empty Deserts
In the 19th century Americans from the eastern states moved out west to settle in the rich new lands along the Pacific coast. The most difficult part of their trip was crossing the “Great American Desert in the western part of the United States by horse and wagon.
The western desert can be very dangerous. There is little water and there are few trees. But the desert also has scenery of great beauty. Tall towers of red and yellow stone rise sharply from the flat sandy valley floor. The scene has been photographed many times and appears in movies and in TV.
In Arizona, man made dams across the Colorado River have made two large lakes in the middle of the dry desert country. At Lake Powell, the red stone arch of Rainbow Bridge rises high above the blue lake.
There are few roads. Many areas of Lake Powell’s shore can only be reached by boat or on foot. But hikers in this empty desert land sometimes find very old native American pictures, painted on the rocks.
In Death Valley, California, the summer temperature rises to 130 degrees. There is less than two inches of rain each year. Death Valley is the lowest place in America---- 925 meters below sea level. In the 1800s, many travelers died when they tried to cross this waterless valley in the terrible heat.
Although the desert is dry and seems empty, there is plenty of life if you look closely. Small insects, snakes and rats have learned how to live in the desert heat. They live under ground and come out at night, when it is cool. Plants such as cacti need very little water. When it does rain in the desert (sometimes only once or twice a year), plants grow quickly, and flowers open in a single day. For a short time, the desert is covered with brilliant colors.
In the 19th century, Americans moved from the east to the west because they ______.
A. enjoy the trip B. wanted to make their home there
C. wanted to find new grassland there D. had no water to drink
From the passage, we can conclude that ______.
the western desert is a good place for people to live in
there is little water but there are many trees in the desert
the desert is dangerous but it is full of life
till now, people know little about the desert
If you want to find some old native American pictures painted on the rock you must go ______.
A. on foot B. by boat C. by car D. by plane
In the 1800s many travelers died in Death Valley because of ______.
A. illness B. high temperature
C. cold weather D. poisonous water
In the desert, animals will die ______.
A. if they move about B. if they cannot make holes underground
C. if they come out at night D. if they drink much water
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科目:高中英語 來源:青海西寧市十四中2009--2010學(xué)年度高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷 題型:閱讀理解
.
In the 19th century, Americans from the eastern states moved out west to settle in the rich new lands along the Pacific Coast. The most difficult part of their trip was crossing “the Great American Desert” in the western part of the United States by horse and wagon.
The western desert can be very dangerous. There is little water and there are few trees. But the desert also has scenery of great beauty. Tall towers of red and yellow stone rise sharply from the flat, sandy valley floor. The scene has been photographed many times and appears in movies and on TV.
In Arizona, man-made dams across the Colorado River have made two large lakes in the middle of the dry desert country. At Lake Powell, the red stone arch of Rainbow Bridge rises high above the blue lake.
There are few roads. Many areas of Lake Powell’s shore can only be reached by boat or on foot. But hikers in this empty desert land sometimes find very old native American pictures, painted on the rocks.
In Death Valley, California, the summer temperature rises to 130°F—165°F. There is less than inches of rain each year. Death Valley is the lowest place in America---925 meters below sea level. In the 1800s, many travelers died when they tried to cross this waterless valley in the terrible heat.
Although the desert is dry and seems empty, there is plenty of life if you look closely. Snakes and rats have learned how to live in the desert heat. They live underground and come out at night, when it is cool. Plants such as cacti need very little water. When it does rain in the desert (sometimes only once or twice a year), plants grow quickly, and flowers open in a single day. For a short time, the desert is covered with brilliant (very bright) colors.
67.In the 19th century, Americans moved from east to west because they .
A.enjoyed the trip B.wanted to make their home there
C.wanted to find new grassland there D.had no water to drink
68.From this passage. we can conclude that .
A.the western desert is a good place for people to live in
B.there is little water but there are many trees in the desert
C.the desert is dangerous but it is full of beauty
D.till now, people know little about the desert
69.In the 1800s, many travelers died in Death Valley because of .
A.illness B.high temperature
C.cold weather D.poisonous water
70.In the desert, animals will die .
A.if they move about B.if they can’t make holes underground
C.if they come out at night D.if they drink much water
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科目:高中英語 來源:2010—2011年貴州省遵義四中高二下學(xué)期期末考試(英語) 題型:閱讀理解
In the 19th century, Americans from the eastern states moved out west to settle in the rich new lands along the Pacific Coast. The most difficult part of their trip was crossing “the Great American Desert” in the western part of the United States by horse and wagon.
The western desert can be very dangerous. There is little water and there are few trees. But the desert also has scenery of great beauty. Tall towers of red and yellow stone rise sharply from the flat, sandy valley floor. The scene has been photographed many times and appears in movies and on TV.
In Arizona, man-made dams across the Colorado River have made two large lakes in the middle of the dry desert country. At Lake Powell, the red stone arch of Rainbow Bridge rises high above the blue lake.
There are few roads. Many areas of Lake Powell’s shore can only be reached by boat or on foot. But hikers in this empty desert land sometimes find very old native American pictures, painted on the rocks.
In Death Valley, California, the summer temperature rises to 130°F—165°F. There is less than inches of rain each year. Death Valley is the lowest place in America---925 metres below sea level. In the 1800s, many travelers died when they tried to cross this waterless valley in the terrible heat.
Although the desert is dry and seems empty, there is plenty of life if you look closely. Snakes and rats have learned how to live in the desert heat. They live underground and come out at night, when it is cool. Plants such as cacti need very little water. When it does rain in the desert (sometimes only once or twice a year), plants grow quickly, and flowers open in a single day. For a short time, the desert is covered with brilliant (very bright) colours.
【小題1】In the 19th century, Americans moved from east to west because they .
A.enjoyed the trip | B.wanted to make their home there |
C.wanted to find new grassland there | D.had no water to drink |
A.the western desert is a good place for people to live in |
B.there is little water but there are many trees in the desert |
C.the desert is dangerous but it is full of beauty |
D.till now, people know little about the desert |
A.illness | B.high temperature |
C.cold weather | D.poisonous water |
A.if they move about | B.if they can’t make holes underground |
C.if they come out at night | D.if they drink much water |
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科目:高中英語 來源:2009年全國各省市高考命題動態(tài)信息卷(遼寧專用)英語(三) 題型:閱讀理解
C
A scientist who developed a way to calculate(計算) how much water is used in the produciton of anything form a cup of coffee to a hamburger was awarded the 2008 Stockholm Water Prize.
Professor John Anthony Allan of the University of London in Britain won the award for introducing the idea of "virtual water(虛擬水)",a calculation method that has changed the nature of trade policy and research.
Allan has written seven books and published more than 100 papers.
The Stockholm International Water Institute said this idea is now embedded(埋藏) in the production of foods and industrial products.The institute said Allan's work had made a big effect on global trade policy and research,especially in water - scarce(缺水) regions.
"The improved understanding of trade and water management issues on local,regional and global scales are of the highest value for the successsful and sustainable(可持續(xù)的) use of water resources,"it said.
"People do not only use water when they drink it or take a shower,"the institute said. "Behind the morning cup of coffee,there are 140 liters of water that was used to grow,produce,package and ship the beans."That is about as much water as a person in England uses on average for all daily drinking and household needs.
"For a single hamburger,about 2,400 liters of water are needed.In te USA ,the average person uses nearly 7,000 liters of virtual water every day" It said that was more than three times the average use of a Chinese person.
64.Allan was awarded the prize because ______.
A.he wrote seven books on trade policy
B.he published more than 100 papers on water management
C.he found a new kind of water in water - scarce areas
D.he came up with the idea of virtual water
65.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The average American uses about 7,000 liters of water a day.
B.The average Chinese uses nearly 2,300 liters of virtual water a day.
C.An Englishman usually drinks about 140 liters of coffee a day.
D.A hamburger usually contains about 2,400 liters of water.
66.What effect does the idea of virtual water have?
A.It helps us realize the importance of trade.
B.It helps people do successful business.
C.It helps us make use of water scientifically.
D.It tells us how much water we use a day.
67.What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?
A.The University of London.
B.The calculation method.
C.The Stockholm International Water Institute.
D.The trade policy and research.
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