Question

【題目】The Mystery of Dark Matter

If you look at the night sky, you'll often see stars moving very quickly. In fact, they move much more quickly than they should according to their size and the laws of physics. Scientists do not completely understand why the speed of these stars is so high. But many believe the reason is that much of the universe is made up of something called "dark matter". Groups of stars called galaxies, such as the Milky Way, might even consist of ninety per cent dark matter.

How much something weighs depends on where it is. The same object weighs only half as much on Mars as it does on Earth and almost three times as much on Jupiter. So scientists prefer to talk about the mass of something rather than how much it weighs, because mass does not change. They can work out the mass of galaxies by measuring the distance between them and the speed they move. Recently, Dr. Jorge Penarrubia and a team from Edinburgh University discovered something interesting. The mass of the Milky Way is only half as much as the mass of another nearby galaxy, Andromeda. This seems strange, but dark matter may explain why.

Finding out more about dark matter could help us understand how the universe began, but this is not easy. Lots of scientists with different types of expert knowledge are working on the problem. The Edinburgh team is working with many other universities like the University of British Columbia.

We can't see dark matter, it's very difficult to measure and we can't find out its mass. Unlike stars, dark matter doesn't produce or reflect light. But we can make a good guess that it is there because of the way things move and the way light bends. Experts now think dark mater may be very different from the mater which we find on Earth. There may also be five times as much dark matter in the universe as ordinary matter.

The Swiss scientist Fritz Zwicky first gave dark matter its name in the nineteen-thirties. Researchers have been looking for it ever since. Today, technology such as the Large Hadron Collider is collecting more and more information but this technology cannot tell us everything. New ways of finding dark matter will be needed. Investigating dark matter may even mean we will need to start asking questions about the way we look at the universe, including the ideas of Albert Einstein.

【1】In what way do scientists find out the mass of galaxies？

A.Depending on where they are.

B.Depending on how much they weigh.

C.According to the way they move and the laws of physics.

D.By calculating how far between them and how fast they move.

【2】Which of the following statements about dark matter is NOT TRUE？

A.It can't be seen.

B.It doesn't reflect light.

C.It is not unlike ordinary matter.

D.It affects the movement of things.

【3】What may get researchers looking for dark matter？

A.To change the way light bends.

B.To prove the ideas of Albert Einstein.

C.To collect more and more information.

D.To help understand the origin of the universe.

【4】How is the article organized？

(P: Paragraph)

A.B.

C.D.

【5】Which heading best matches Paragraph 5?

A.It's there but we can't see it.

B.Sharing ideas leads to success.

C.We may need to change the way we think.

D.What your eyes can see can't be fully explained,

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】D

【4】D

【5】C

【解析】

本文是一篇科普說明文，主要介紹了人們對宇宙中的黑暗物質(zhì)的認知及研究。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“They can work out the mass of galaxies by measuring the distance between them and the speed they move. ”可知科學(xué)家們根據(jù)星星之間的距離和移動速度計算出銀河系的質(zhì)量。故D項正確。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“There may also be five times as much dark matter in the universe as ordinary matter.”可知黑暗物質(zhì)和普通的物質(zhì)并不相同。故C項說法是錯誤的。所以選擇C項。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Finding out more about dark matter could help us understand how the universe began, but this is not easy. Lots of scientists with different types of expert knowledge are working on the problem.”可知很多不同領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家研究黑暗物質(zhì)是因為它可以幫助我們理解宇宙是如何開始的，也就是幫助我們理解宇宙的起源。故D項正確。

【4】推理判斷題。本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了宇宙中的黑暗物質(zhì)。第一段告訴我們宇宙中星星的移動速度很快的現(xiàn)象；第二段介紹了質(zhì)量和重量的差別。第二段最后一句是承上啟下句，由此引出第三、四段最黑暗物質(zhì)的介紹。最后一段介紹了科學(xué)家對于黑暗物質(zhì)研究的過程，我們要用新的方法來研究黑暗物質(zhì)。故D項中的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)是正確的。

【5】段落大意題。根據(jù)本段三四句“Today, technology such as the Large Hadron Collider is collecting more and more information but this technology cannot tell us everything. New ways of finding dark matter will be needed.”可知the Large Hadron Collider等并不能告訴我們與黑暗物質(zhì)相關(guān)的所有信息，我們需要新的研究方法。C項與本段中心思想一致，故選擇C項。