17.Etymology,the study of words and word roots,may sound like the kind of thing done by boring librarians in small,dusty rooms. Yet etymologists actually have a uniquely interesting job. They are in many ways just like archaeologists (考古學(xué)家) digging up the physical history of people and events. The special aspect of etymology is that it digs up history,so to speak,through the words and phrases that are left behind.
The English language,in particular,is a great field to explore history through words As a language,English has an extraordinary number of words. This is partly due to its ability to  adapt foreign words so readily. For example,"English"words such as kindergarten (from German),croissant (from French),and cheetah (from Hindi) have become part of the language with little or no change from their original sounds and spellings. So English-language etymologists have a vast world of words to explore.
Another enjoyable thing about etymology for most word experts is solving word mysteries(謎). No,etymologists do not go around solving murders,like the great detective Sherlock Holmes. What these word experts solve are mysterious origins of some of our most common words
One of the biggest questions English language experts have pursued is how English came to have the phrase OK. Though it is one of the most commonly used expressions,its exact beginning is a puzzle even to this day. Even its spelling is not entirely consistent-unless you spell it Okay,it is hard even to call it a word.
Etymologists have been able to narrow OK's origin down to a likely,although not certain,source(來源). It became widely used around the time of Martin Van Buren's run for president in 1840. His nickname was Old Kinderhook. What troubles word experts about this explanation is that the phrase appeared in some newspapers before Van Buren became well known. It is likely that Van Buren could be called its primary source Etymologists will doubtlessly keep searching for the initial source. However,it is clear that OK's popularity and reputation have topped those of the American president to whom it has been most clearly linked.

63. The author mentions the words like"croissant"in Paragraph 2to indicateC.
A. words have changed a lot in the two languages
B. what English-language etymologists are exploring now
C. English has absorbed many words from other foreign languages
D. the English vocabulary is difficult to the non-English-speaking people
64.The underlined word"pursued"in Paragraph 4meansB.
A. looked upon     B. dug up  C. put in  D. set down
65. We can learn from the passage that etymologistsA.
A. discover the possible origin of words
B. help detectives to solve mysterious murders
C. write interesting stories for some newspapers
D. explore the English language as well as the recent events
66. What is the main purpose of the passage?C
A. To present the history of English words
B. To explain the procedure of an etymologist's job
C. To introduce the pleasure of the study of words and word roots.
D. To teach readers how to distinguish English and non-English words.

分析 本文是語言知識文章閱讀.本文主要告訴我們英語單詞或詞根給人們帶來學(xué)習(xí)語言的快樂.

解答 63.答案    C    考查詞義推測題.解析    A在兩種語言中話語已經(jīng)改變了很多;B現(xiàn)在英文詞源學(xué)者正在開發(fā)的東西;C英語已經(jīng)引進(jìn)了許多的外來語言的單詞;D對于不說英語的人們英語詞匯很難.根據(jù)文章的第二段的have become part of the language with little or no change from their original sounds and spellings可知英語已經(jīng)引進(jìn)了太多的外來詞.故選C.
64.答案    B    考查詞義推測題.   A. looked upon看作;B. dug up挖掘;C. put in插進(jìn);D. set down放下.根據(jù)One of the biggest questions English language experts語言專家挖掘的最大問題之一,是OK一詞,故選B.
65.答案    A    考查判斷推理題.    根據(jù)文章最后一段的第一句話Etymologists have been able to narrow OK's origin down to a likely,although not certain,source和文章的第一句話Etymology,the study of words and word roots,may sound like the kind of thing done by boring librarians in small,dusty rooms可知語言學(xué)家就是發(fā)現(xiàn)詞匯的來源.故選A.
66.答案    C    考查主旨大意題.   通讀全文,并根據(jù)第二、三、四、五段可知介紹單詞學(xué)習(xí)和詞根的快樂.故選C.

點評 1)從意思上判斷 在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子,正確理解了這些句子后,根據(jù)意思的連貫性、邏輯性或者線索詞從選項中選取正確答案.在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上,再利用線索特征詞等進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案.
2)從詞匯上鎖定線索 做保持對一些線索詞的敏感是非常重要的,要好好關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動詞,然后在選項中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等.其次是一些專有名詞,比如說數(shù)詞、代詞、時間、年代、地點/名稱等.尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下,利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法.
3)從關(guān)聯(lián)詞作為切入點 通常,英語的句段之間經(jīng)常會運用關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示過渡和銜接,讓文章的思路與更清楚、邏輯更連貫,因此文章中和選項中表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的路標(biāo)性信號詞在選擇答案時都是很重要的線索.在做題時可將這三個層面的線索很好地結(jié)合起來.例如,在看到表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞時,一般表示前后句子的名詞或句意具有同指性;而表示轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系的詞則往往表示前后句子的名詞同指,但句意對立,或褒貶對立或肯否對立;而表示例證關(guān)系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之后有表述概念或某一觀點的句子,往往會有復(fù)數(shù)名詞出現(xiàn).

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