The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is a plague that man receives.
The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions, explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contract again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War, soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, seldom caught colds.
In the Second World War, prisoners at Auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starved, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in winter? Despite the most hard research, no one has yet found out the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and that makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain-killers such as aspirin, but all that they do is to relieve the symptoms.
小題1:The writer offered ___ examples to support his argument.
A．4B．5C．6D．3
小題2:Arctic explorers may catch colds when___.
A．they are working in the isolated Arctic regions
B．they are writing reports in terribly cold weather
C．they are free from work in the isolated Arctic regions
D．they are coming into touch again with the outside world
小題3:Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit___.
A．suffered a lotB．never caught colds
C．often caught coldsD．became very strong
小題4:The passage mainly discusses___.
A．the experiments on the common cold
B．the fallacy about the common cold
C．the reason and the way people catch colds
D．the continued spread of common colds

小題1:B
小題1:D
小題1:A
小題1:C
略
練習冊系列答案
相關(guān)習題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings.
Here’s an example to show how honorably actions create happiness.
Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk’s mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. One the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.
Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?
In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk’s attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.
There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it’s easy to think and act honorably again when we’re happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it’s started, it’s easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.
小題1:According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our__________.
A．self-respectB．financial rewards
C．a(chǎn)dvertising abilityD．friendly relationship
小題2:The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to __________.
A．lyingB．stealingC．cheatingD．a(chǎn)dvertising
小題3:The phrase “bringing the error to the clerk’s attention” (in para. 5)means_________.
A．telling the truth to the clerk
B．offering advice to the clerk
C．a(chǎn)sking the clerk to be more attentive
D．reminding the clerk of the charged item
小題4:How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake?
A．We’ll be very excited
B．We’ll feel unfortunate
C．We’ll have a sense of honor
D．We’ll feel sorry for the clerk
小題5:Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A．How to Live Truthfully
B．Importance of Peacefulness
C．Ways of Gaining Self-respect
D．Happiness through Honorable Actions

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


●What prevents depression：tea，coffee or hot chocolate?
Women who drink for or more cups of coffee a day are a fifth less likely to become depressed．Drinking two or three cups reduces the risk by 15 percent. This is the result of a study of 51,000 women over ten years, published in the Journal of the American Medicine Association.
One theory is that caffeine reduces the  effect of the chemical adenosine(腺苷) in the brain, which can make us feel sleepy by slowing down nerve cell activity. Some anti-depressants also work by blocking the adenosine receptors. Coffee was found to be far more influential on depression levels than hot chocolate or tea due to the high caffeine content.
●How many eggs can we healthily eat: one a day or two a day?
Neither-eat them freely. We’ve long been warned to stick to two or three eggs a week because of their high cholesterol(膽固醇)content. But according to the Food Standards Agency, there is no recommended limit to how many eggs we can healthily eat, unless you have been told to cut down by your doctor.
There is no evidence that eating eggs raises cholesterol levels, and researchers found that eggs contain less cholesterol than in the past because hens are no longer given bone meal, which was banned in the 1990s after the BSE(瘋牛病) cresis.
Research by the British Egg Council found that a medium egg gives you around 100 mg of cholesterol, a third of the 300mg recommended daily limit.
小題1:What is considered to fight depression best?
A．Tea．B．Chocolate．C．Adenosine．D．Coffee．
小題2:We can infer from the text that     ．
A．too much caffeine will probably make people sleepy
B．coffee contains less caffeine than tea or hot chocolate
C．one is depressed if his brain chemical adenosine is active
D．tea and hot chocolate have no effect on men’s depression
小題3:What can we learn about eggs from the text?
A．We should stick to two or three eggs a week in general．
B．Eat as many eggs as you like unless your doctor advises you not to．
C．Eggs contain more cholesterol at present than ever before．
D．One egg daily and you’ll get more cholesterol than recommended．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you have a sore throat, a running nose and a headache? Do you keep coughing and sneezing? If you do, the chances are that you have a cold or perhaps flu--- but which one? Although both colds and flu are caused by viruses, they are very different illnesses.
Colds, which usually last about a week, affect the nose most. They commonly cause a runny nose and sneezing. Sometimes, they cause a headache, a cough and slightly aching muscles.
Flu is much more serious illness and is caused by different group of viruses. People with flu usually get all the symptoms described above. However, they also get a high fever, a dry cough and much worse aching. Fever is one of the typical symptoms of the flu for all ages. The symptoms also last much longer. Sometimes they don’t disappear for at least two weeks.
Flu can be a deadly disease. The elderly, who are weaker and less healthy than most younger people, can die from flu. This is one reason why old people are advised to have a flu injection before the start of winter when flu is most common. This injection is inexpensive and definitely worth it.
If you have a cold or flu, you must always deal with used tissues carefully. Don’t leave dirty tissues on your desk or on the floor. Someone else has to pick these up and viruses could be passed on. And finally, remember to cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze！You don’t want to see the small drop of liquids blown out of your nose and mouth when you sneeze, do you? Disgusting, eh? Now you can understand why it’s a good idea to cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze!
小題1: In paragraph 4, we learn that ______.
A．flu injection can cause deathB．most old people die from flu
C．flu is most common in summerD．flu can kill old people easily
小題2:Dealing with used tissues properly is important because ______.
A．it helps keep your classroom tidyB．people hate picking up dirty tissues
C．it prevents the spread of colds and fluD．picking up lots of tissues is hard work
小題3:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Both colds and flu last the same time.
B．Both colds and flu can be prevented by injection.
C．Both colds and flu are caused by the same viruses.
D．Both colds and flu have an aching symptom.
小題4:Which is probably the best title for the passage?
A．Cold or Flu?B．The Different Symptoms of a Cold and Flu
C．Prevention Is Better Than CureD．Cover Your Nose and Mouth When Sneezing

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

October 15th is Global Handwashing Day．Activities are planned in more than twenty countries to get millions of people in the developing world to wash their hands with soap．
Experts say people around the world wash their hands but very few use soap at so-called critical moments．These include after using the toilet, after cleaning a baby and before touching food．
Global Handwashing Day is the idea of the Public-private Partnership for handwashing with soap．The goal, they say, is to create a culture of handwashing with soap．The organizers say all soaps are equally effective at removing disease-causing germs．They say the correct way to wash is to wet your hands with a small amount of water and cover them with soap．Rub it into all areas, including under the fingernails．Then, wash well under running water．Finally, dry your hands with a clean cloth．
The Partnership says soap is important because it increases the time that people spend washing．Soap also helps to break up the dirt that holds most of the germs．And it usually leaves a pleasant smell, which increases the chances that people will wash again．
It also says that washing hands with soap before eating and after using the toilet could save more lives than any medicine．It could help reduce cases of diarrhea, which is the second leading cause of child deaths, killing more than one and a half million children a year, by almost half．
小題1:What does the author intend to tell us in the passage?
A．To keep healthy by washing hands．B．To wash hands with soap．
C．To take action to wash hands．D．To wash hands often．
小題2:Which of the following is the right way to wash hands?
a．Washing hands well．        b．Covering hands with soap．   c．Drying hands．
d．Rubbing hands with soap．e．Wetting hands．
A．a(chǎn)--c--b--e--dB．e--d--a--b—c
C．a(chǎn)--c--b--d--eD．e--b--d--a--c
小題3:．Which fact can NOT explain why soap is important?
A．It gives people a longer handwashing time．
B．It helps to remove a lot of germs from hands．
C．It attracts people to do more handwashing．
D．It gets all people into the habit of washing hands．
小題4:According to the last paragraph, diarrhea is a disease that ________．
A．kills half of the kids in the developing countries a year
B．causes the greatest number of child deaths
C．can be prevented to some degree by washing hands with soap
D．can’t be cured without washing hands

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Most schools forbid chewing gum(嚼口香糖), but in a few years they might consider changing that rule. Why? Scientists are finding evidence that gum chewing may be good for your health. It may even help improve your test scores. This exciting research is just beginning. And in the meantime, companies are also experimenting with adding vitamins, minerals, medicines, and other substances that could give gum the power to cure headaches and fight everything from serious diseases to bad breath.
Other researchers are finding that gum might work better than a pill to deliver medicines and other substances into the bloodstream. That’s because the lining (膜) of our cheeks can absorb certain substances more quickly than our stomachs and intestines (腸) can. That discovery could help other researchers develop medicine-containing gums that fight colds, ease headaches, battle nervousness, and
more. Scientists might even create anti-microbial (抗菌的) gums that cure bad breath.
Those projects may take years, but gum scientists have already had at least one recent success: They’ve created a gum that could help us stay awake. Researchers have produced a gum called Stay Alert. Each stick has as much caffeine as a cup of coffee. It can take an hour for the caffeine in coffee to have its full effect, but the caffeine in Stay Alert hits in just a few minutes. The gum is easy to transport and it’s stable in cold and hot climates. Unlike a pill, it doesn’t require water to swallow. Those qualities make it easy for soldiers to use. For now, Stay Alert is available only to the military (軍隊). The manufacturer may one day offer it for sale to the public. People who work at night, such as truck drivers and medical personnel who ride in ambulances, might benefit from a product like Stay Alert.
小題1:The passage mainly talks about _____.
A．the rule of forbidding chewing gum in school
B．new research on chewing gum
C．different kinds of chewing gum
D．the relationship between chewing gum and medicine
小題2:What does the underlined word “hits” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A．Touches. B．Attacks.C．Takes effect. D．Affects badly.
小題3:According to the passage, Stay Alert is a gum which can help people _____.
A．stay awakeB．fight colds
C．cure headachesD．overcome nervousness
小題4:It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
A．stay Alert is not easy to store
B．stay Alert needs water to swallow
C．stay Alert is available to the public now
D．we can’t buy gums which cure bad breath now

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many of us believe that a person’s mind becomes less active as he grows older．But this is not true，according to Dr．Lissy F．Jarvik，professor of psychiatry(精神病學)at the University of California，Los Angeles，and a board member of the New Center for Aging at the Veterans Hospital．She has studied the mental functioning of aging persons for several years.For example，one of her studies concerns 136 pairs of twins, who were first examined when they were already 60 years old．As Dr．Jarvik continued the study of the twins into their 70s and 80s，their minds did not generally decline(下降)as was expected．
However，there was some decline in their psycho-motor(精神運動的)speed． This means that it took them longer to accomplish mental tasks than it used to．But when speed was not a factor，they lost very little intellectual (智力的) ability over the years.In general，Dr．Jarvik’s studies have shown that there is no decline in knowledge or reasoning ability．This is true not only into the 30s and 40s，but into the 60s and 70s as well．
As for learning new things，and ability to remember，studies by Dr．Jarvik and others show that the old are equal to the young．It is true that older people themselves often complain that their memory is not as good as it once was．However，much of  what we call“l(fā)oss of memory”is not that at a11．
In the cases where the older person’s mind really seems to decline，it is not necessarilv a sign of a decay due to becoming old or“senility”．Often it is simply a sign of a depressed emotional state．This depression usually can be got rid of by counseling(咨詢)with a psychologist，or medicine which fights depression.
In American society，when an older person loses something，we tend to call him or her“senile”．But notice that when a younger person loses something，he does not blame it on senility or loss of memory．He finds some other excuse!
小題1:A long-term study of 136 pairs of twins showed that the only factor that declined over the years was  .
A．mental healthB．intellectual ability
C．the amount of knowledgeD．psycho-motor speed
小題2:According to Dr．Jarvik’s studies，middle-aged and older persons should expect to     .
A．reason betterB．learn fewer new things
C．remember lessD．1ose little ability to remember
小題3:The word“senility”most likely means       .
A．excellent healthB．weakness in body and mind because of old age
C．occasional forgetfulnessD．giving up one’s life
小題4:Both younger and older persons should realize that          .
A．a(chǎn) sign of a decay due to old age or“senility’’is a common thing
B．older persons are wiser than younger ones because of different knowledge amount
C．senility or mental decay due to aging is much less common than most of us believe
D．a(chǎn) sign of a depressed emotional state is not a reason of decay

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In many societies, there is often greater acceptance of light skin than dark skin. Light skin may be seen as a mark of beauty, intelligence and success. These beliefs can lead to social pressures even within the same racial or ethnic group, if some members are darker skinned than others.
The result is that skin lightening has become a common activity across Africa, Asia and other areas of the world. More and more people with dark skin are using skin-lightening products, even if it means they may face health risks.
They believe that having whiter skin will improve their lives. Many people think they will have a better chance of getting a job or marrying into a better family. Or they want to look like what their society generally considers beautiful.
Some beauty care products and soaps contain chemicals that make skin lighter. This is also called bleaching. But some of the chemicals are extremely dangerous. One of the most dangerous is hydroquinone(對苯二酚).
Hydroquinone has been banned in several countries. This chemical has been connected to kidney damage and some kinds of cancer. It also causes low birth weight in babies when mothers –to-be use it during pregnancy.
At first, bleaching products make the skin color lighter. But after long-term use they can cause problems. They could even make some skin darker.
The chemicals in the products block and break down the natural process that gives color to skin. The skin loses its natural barrier（障礙）to protect against sunlight. Then the skin can become thick and discolored. Usually the person will use more of the product in an effort to correct the problem, but this only makes it worse.
Fatimata Ly treats skin conditions in the Senegalese capital, Dakar. Doctor Ly says skin bleaching has become a problem throughout Senegal. She says the chemicals are now more dangerous because they are stronger. Some cases have resulted in blackened fingernails, infections and permanent（永久的）skin damage.
And these are not the only risks. Experts say some people who change their skin color suffer emotional damage. They feel regret and sadness. They feel that instead of risking their health, they should have learned to love and accept their skin color as it was.
小題1:What is the text mainly about?
A．The advantages of light skinB．Introducing skin lightening products
C．The harmfulness of HydroquinoneD．The health risks of bleaching
小題2:What does the underlined word “bleaching” refer to?
A．The process of removing the color
B．The process of making the skin whiter
C．The chemicals that make things white
D．The chemicals that protect skin against sunlight
小題3:Why do people want to make their skin lighter?
A．Because they all want to look more beautiful.
B．Because they all want to marry into better families.
C．Because they want to find better jobs.
D．Because they want to improve their lives.
小題4:Skin bleaching may cause the problem of ______.
A．emotional problems B．kidney cancerC．lighter skin D．low birth rate
小題5:The author holds a/ an ______ attitude towards skin lightening.
A．positiveB．negativeC．supportiveD．optimistic

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Exercise is an important part of a healthy life. It reduces your risk of heart attack and is a good way to control body weight. It is also something you can do with other people, which can be great fun. So, it is important to find time to exercise and be healthier. As well as making time to exercises, another way is to build it into the natural rhythm (節(jié)奏) of your day.
· Go for a walk on your lunch break.
Try to find at least three different ways and change them throughout the week. It
might even be possible to find a place to walk inside, for those bad weather days.
· Talk to your employers about improving health at work.
Encourage your workers to cycle to and from work. You might also be able to
encourage them to set up a gymnasium. Sell the idea by pointing out that doing so
will improve productivity (生產(chǎn)率), and make workers happy.
· If you are a student.
Go for walks with friends to talk about your studies. Spend some time in the learning
resource centre reading about sport, exercise and health. The more you know, the
more choices you will have about how to be physically active. Most colleges have
sport and exercise programs that students can take part in. Find out which activities
are being held, and try those you think you might enjoy. 
小題1:
Workers are advised to cycle to and from work to ________.
A．make themselves realize the importance of health
B．work better and bring pleasure to themselves
C．make themselves become much stronger
D．reduce the time spent in walking to work
小題2:
When a student wants to do exercise at school, he or she had better ________.
A．take part in all the exercise programs
B．have sports with friends or classmates
C．choose the one that he or she likes
D．choose the same one all the time
小題3:
We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．walk is most suitable for those who work indoors
B．one who knows more about health will be healthier
C．exercising with others will be better for one’s health
D．combining exercise with daily work can save time to keep healthy

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案