Question

【題目】Last night's meteor(流星) shower left many people in Emerald Valley dissatisfied. They gathered in the suburbs of the city with heavy telescopes，expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. However, what they found was a sky so brightened by the city's lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.

“My family was so frustrated，” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing，but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”

Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets—have been complaining about this problem for many years. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.

Besides professional and amateur(業(yè)余的) star observers, there is yet a population that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats, frogs, and snakes etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(遷徙的)birds. According to the International DarkSky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers. ”

Countless animals injuries and deaths result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful to humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase people's chances of getting cancer.

Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff, Arizona has enforced lighting rules in its city in order to help astronomers with their observations. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.

【1】It happened last night that ________．

A. the city's lights affected the meteor watching

B. the meteors flew past before being noticed

C. the city’s lights show attracted many people

D. the meteor watching ended in a social outing

【2】According to Paragraph 4, we know that ________．

A. birds may take other migration paths

B. animals' living habits may change suddenly

C. varieties of animals will become sharply reduced

D. animals' survival is threatened by outdoor lighting

【3】Lighting rules in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to ________．

A. reduce the chance of getting cancer

B. create an ideal observation condition

C. ensure people a good sleep at night

D. enable all creatures to live in harmony

【4】What can we learn from the text?

A. Saving wildlife is saving ourselves.

B. Great efforts should be made to save energy.

C. Human activities should be environmentally friendly.

D. New equipment should be introduced for space study.

Answer 1

【答案】population that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats, frogs, and snakes etc. outdoor lighting D選項animals' survival is threatened by outdoor lighting

找出主題句，抓住文章主線和關(guān)鍵詞語，歸納文章中心。要注意不是所有的段落都有主題句，有時主題句暗含在句中。閱讀這樣的文章，就需要自己根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)來分析，概括出段落的主題，從而推導(dǎo)出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清該段落主要講了哪幾方面的內(nèi)容，這些內(nèi)容在邏輯上有什么聯(lián)系，然后加以歸納形成主題。

【3】B

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干中的信息告訴我們答案應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在最后一段，根據(jù)“For years, Flagstaff, Arizona has enforced lighting rules in its city in order to help astronomers with their observations Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.�！� 多年來，弗拉格斯塔夫、亞利桑那州已經(jīng)實施的城市照明規(guī)則以幫助天文學(xué)家觀測。世界各地也作出了類似的努力，一項運動正在提醒我們在不使用電燈時關(guān)燈，這樣其他生物就可以共享夜晚。分析句意可知，這樣可以創(chuàng)造出更理想的觀察條件。分析選項可知答案為B。

【4】C

推理判斷題。文中作者反復(fù)強調(diào)光污染問題對人類的一些活動和動物的影響。這顯然是強調(diào)環(huán)境問題。分析選項可知C項（人類活動應(yīng)該是環(huán)保的）符合題意。故選C項。

【解析】“

科普環(huán)保類閱讀。許多人想在晚上看流星雨，結(jié)果由于光線太亮，影響了他們的觀看效果。由此引發(fā)了人們對光污染的思考。本文是一篇議論文，文章由一個事例引發(fā)出要討論的話題。

【1】A

細(xì)節(jié)理解第一段的最后一句“a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead” 城市的燈光使天空變得明亮，它使頭頂上方的流星的光線變暗了。分析句意可知，即城市的燈光影響了觀看流星。Ａ符合題意，故選A。

【2】D

【解題剖析】此題屬于主旨大意中的（2）一一主旨類。答案需要看第二段的最后一句找主題句。

【答案定位】第四段第一句話“.Besides professional and amateur(業(yè)余的) star observers, there is yet a population that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats, frogs, and snakes etc. outdoor lighting severely affects migrating…100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”除了專業(yè)及業(yè)余的觀星者之外，還有些群體也受到了光污染的影響。而這些群體指的就是birds、bats等動物，戶外的燈光影響了鳥類的遷徙，甚至有的鳥兒因發(fā)光的建筑物及燈塔而死。戶外照明嚴(yán)重影響遷徙鳥類。

【推理關(guān)系】題干According to Paragraph 4, we know that ________． 文章內(nèi)容（中心句）there is yet a population that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats, frogs, and snakes etc. outdoor lighting severely affects migrating…100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.