D
Many disease researchers have warned that rising global temperatures could lead to more diseases. for example by allowing tropical diseases to expand their ranges into what are now mild regions. This is a particular fear for the diseases carried by insects such as malariac(瘧疾） and
sleeping sickness.
But the reality is more complex, argues Kevin Lafferty. a disease ecologist. He argues that a warming climate could favour some diseases in certain regions while controlling them in others.
Lafferty does not deny that climate change might allow malarial mosquitoes to spread to new areas. However he believes that hotter and drier conditions may also get rid of mosquitoes from areas where they currently exist. If this were the case, he says. there would be little. if any, net
increase (凈增長(zhǎng)） in the risk of disease.
In addition, many mild regions such as southern Europe or the southern U.S. have good sanitation（衛(wèi)生設(shè)備） and insect control programmes which, Lafferty says, would prevent diseases from becoming common even if climatic conditions were suitable.
Finally, he argues, climate change could wipe many species off the plant. Infectious pathogens（病原體） depend on their hosts for survival so they too may become endangered-especially if they,like malaria, rely on more than one host.
But Mercedes Pascual of the University of Michigan points out that there are large human populations in the east African highlands, just outside of the existing range of malarial mosquitoes.She said as temperatures rise, the mosquitoes will reach these areas. So the disadvantages will
outweigh the advantages of decreased risk elsewhere.
Most of the ecologists do, however, seem to agree on one point: predicting where a disease is going to go next involves far more than just considering climate. No matter what the results of the debate are, they all agree that health concerns should continue to play a critical role in climate policy and the debate shouldn't be regarded as weakening the case for action against global warming.
53. According to Kevin Lafferty, climate change__________
A. will not increase the spread of insect-bome diseases
B. may not significantly increase the risk of disease in the whole world
C. will not affect the dry regions where sanitation is good
D. may not affect viruses that depend on more than one host
54. What does Mercedes Pascual think of Lafferty 's conclusion?
A. She disagrees with it.   B. She supports it.
C. She is not sure ofit.    D. She thinks it needs proving.
55. We may infer from the passage that ___________
A. climate is the only factor in the predictior of the spread of diseases
B. when making a climate policy one should take health into account
C. the debate mentioned in the passage furthers the debate on global warming
D. a policy should be made immediately to try to stop climate change
56. We can learn from the passage that ___________
A. all the disease researchers agree that climate change will spread disease
B. nothing can be done to stop the present global warming
C. scientists have found ways to stop the wild spread of disease
D. ecologists have different views on whether the global warming will spread diseases further
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


No one can fail to stand in awed ( 令人敬畏的 ) admiration of the great discoveries of history—Newton' s laws of motion; Kepler' s principles of planetary movement, Einstein' s general theory of relativity. Equally awe-inspiring are artistic creations in painting, theatre, music and literature, which have also been brought about by discovery through personal efforts.  What do these extraordinary achievements of well-known scientists and artists have to do with problem solving?
A great scientific discovery or a great work of art is surely the result of problem-solving activity. The solution to a problem, we are told, often comes to thinkers in a “flash of insight (頓悟) ”， although they may have been turning the problem over in their minds for some time. As a particular form of problem solving, these creative acts are based on the broad knowledge gained in the past, whether this be of the public" sort known to science, or of the "private" sort known to the artist.
Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable (可以預(yù)見的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves (涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.
52. Newton, Kepler and Einstein are mentioned in the first paragraph to_______.
A. bring about the subject of the discussion        
B. explain that scientists are more creative
C. show the difference between science and arts
D. prove that arts require more personal efforts
53. While knowledge from the past plays an important role in their achievements, thinkers sometimes also depend on their______.
A. artistic tastes                    B. sudden insight
C. admiration of discoveries  D. scientific experiments
54. What does the underlined word “this” refer to?
A. Great contributions to the society            
B.  Long-time study of the subject matter.
C.  Various statements about problem solving.
D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.
55. We may conclude from the passage that ______.
A.it is more likely to make scientific and artistic discoveries in everyday learning.
B. a sudden insight and knowledge from the past are required in making discoveries
C. scientific discoveries or artistic creations are usually unpredictable in nature
D. knowledge of the rules in the past is often developed in the changes of situation

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

It was the final examination. The class was very   36  . I was checking my paper   37   I saw my best friend, Samy,   38   to cheat at the exam. 
Samy scribbled（潦草地寫） the   39   to some questions on his answer sheet   40   looking at a piece of paper. I was   41   and did not know what to do. My heart was beating   42   by each second. Suddenly, Samy noticed me staring at him.
He made a hand gesture, asking me not to   43   the teacher. I was deep in thoughts when the teacher said, “Time’s up! Please put down your pens! Stop   44  ! I will collect your papers.” I was waken out of my   45   upon hearing the loud voice of the teacher. I went home feeling very   46  . I was so frustrated   47   I even talked to my toys!
The next day, I went straight to the   48   office for I decided to tell the teacher that Samy   49   yesterday. I plucked up（鼓起） my   50   and walked into the office. I told the teacher that Samy had cheated. She was very angry. During break, she   51       Samy and Samy cried. He   52   his face as he ran out of the teachers’ office after he was scolded. After that incident, Samy always ignored me whenever I approached him. I was very sad. I thought my   53   with him must be over.
A few more days later, I was at the bus stop   54   for my bus when Samy came to me with a guilty look on his face. He said, “I’m sorry, I have now   55   cheating at the exam. Will you forgive me?” “Sure,” I replied with a smile. “But promise me never to cheat again.” “I promise!” he replied. Then we walked home happily.
36. A. silent             B. noisy                   C. crowded              D. dirty
37. A. while             B. when                    C. as                         D. whenever
38. A. wanting                     B. searching                  C. attempting                D. Wishing
39. A. sentences          B. words                  C. notes                    D. answers
40. A. before            B. after                    C. until                     D. once
41. A. glad                       B. anxious                 C. afraid                   D. sad
42. A. quicker and quicker                            B. harder and harder
C. slower and slower                              D. heavier and heavier
43. A. inform            B. phone                   C. tell                              D. ask
44. A. talking            B. writing                 C. looking                 D. thinking
45. A. thoughts          B. room                    C. soul                      D. seat
46. A. bad                B. worried                C. calm                    D. miserable
47. A. as                   B. which                  C. but                      D. that
48. A. school’s                 B. headmaster’s                C. teachers’               D. parents’
49. A. cheated        B. had cheated           C. was cheating          D. had been cheating
50. A. spirit              B. courage                 C. feet                      D. strength
51. A. hit                  B. beat                      C. told                      D. scolded
52. A. covered           B. washed                 C. lowered                D. raised
53. A. happiness      B. friendship             C. incident                       D. business
54. A. waited             B. to wait                        C. waiting                D. wait
55. A. appreciated      B. minded                 C. regretted              D. frightened

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空


The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. ___36___ springs and streams sometimes means control,  particularly in the ___37___ areas like the desert. The control is possible even without possession of large areas of ___38___ land. In the early days of the American West,  gun fights were not ___39___ for the water resources (資源). And laws had to be ___40___ to protect the water rights of the ___41___ and the use of the water resources accordingly.
42___ is known to us all,  there is not ___43___ water in all places for everyone to use as much as he likes. Deciding on the ___44___ of water that will be used in any particular period
45___ careful planning,  so that people can manage and use water more ___46___. Farmers have to change their use of or demand for water ___47___ the water supply forecast (預(yù)報(bào)).
The ___48___ water supply forecast is based more on the water from the ___49___ than from the below. Interest is ___50___ in the ways to increase rainfall by man-made methods,  and to get water from the winter snow on mountain ___51___. With special equipment,  some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be ___52___,  and with the help of a repeater station,  they send the ___53___ data (數(shù)據(jù)) to the base station. The operator at the base station can get the data at any time by ___54___ a button. In the near future,  the forecast and use of water ___55___ probably depend on the advance knowledge of snow on mountains,  not of water underground.
36. A. Using   B. Holding     C. Owning      D. Finding
37. A. dry       B. distant C. deserted     D. wild
38. A. fine      B. beautiful    C. rich    D. farming
39. A. unlawful      B. unacceptable      C. unpopular   D. uncommon
40. A. made    B. designed     C. signed D. written
41. A. winners       B. settlers       C. fighters      D. supporters
42. A. That     B. It C. What  D. As
43. A. plentiful      B. enough       C. any     D. much
44. A. type     B. quality       C. amount      D. level
45. A. requests       B. requires      C. means D. suggests
46. A. effectively   B. easily  C. conveniently      D. actively
47. A. leading to    B. due to C. owing to    D. according to
48. A. correct  B. further       C. average      D. early
49. A. clouds  B. sky     C. air      D. above
50. A. raising  B. rising  C. building     D. lasting
51. A. rocks    B. tips     C. cops    D. trees
52. A. taken care of       B. made use of       C. piled up     D. saved up
53. A. picked  B. produced    C. used    D. gathered
54. A. touching      B. knocking    C. pressing     D. turning
55. A. might   B. can     C. will    D. should

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


How Long Can People Live?
She took up skating at age 85, made her first movie appearance at age 114, and held a concert in the neighborhood on her 121 st birthday.
When it comes to long life, Jeanne Calment is the world’s record holder. She lived to the ripe old age of 122. So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span（壽命）? If scientists come up with some sort of pill or diet that would slow aging, could we possibly make it to 150－or beyond?
Researchers don’t entirely agree on the answers. “Calment lived to 122, so it wouldn’t surprise me if someone alive today reaches 130 or 135,” says Jerry Shay at the University of Texas.
Steve Austad at the University of Texas agrees. “People can live much longer than we think,” he says. “Experts used to say that humans couldn’t live past 110. When Calment blew past that age, they raised the number to 120. So why can’t we go higher?”
The trouble with guessing how old people can live to be is that it’s all just guessing. “Anyone can make up a number,” says Rich Miller at the University of Michigan. “Usually the scientist who picks the highest number gets his name in Time magazine.”
Won’t new anti-aging techniques keep us alive for centuries? Any cure, says Miller, for aging would probably keep most of us kicking until about 120. Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the life span of mice by 50 percent at most. So, if the average human life span is about 80 years, says Miller, “adding another 50 percent would get you to 120.”
So what can we conclude from this little disagreement among the researchers? That life span is flexible（有彈性的）, but there is a limit, says George Martin of the University of Washington. “We can get flies to live 50 percent longer,” he says. “But a fly’s never going to live 150 years.” Of course, if you became a new species （物種）, one that ages at a slower speed, that would be a different story, he adds.
Does Martin really believe that humans could evolve （進(jìn)化）their way to longer life? “It’s pretty cool to think about,” he says with a smile.
72. What does the story of Jeanne Calment prove to us?
A. People can live to 122.       B. Old people are creative.
C. Women are sporty at 85.     D. Women live longer than men.
73. According to Steve Austad at the University of Texas, ______.
A. the average human life span could be 110
B. scientists cannot find ways to slow aging
C. few people can expect to live to over 150
D. researchers are not sure how long people can live
74. Who would agree that a scientist will become famous if he makes the wildest guess at longevity?
A. Jerry Shay.          B. Steve Austad     C. Rich Miller     D. George Martin
75. What can we infer from the last three paragraphs?
A. Most of us could be good at sports even at 120.
B. The average human life span cannot be doubled
C. Scientists believe mice are aging at a slower speed than before.
D. New techniques could be used to change flies into a new species

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


E
Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault (斷層), which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes. But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?
Between December of 1811 and February of 1812, three major earthquakes occurred, all centered around the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe. Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks opened in the ground, allowing smell of sulfur （硫磺）to filter upward.
The Mississippi River itself completely changed character, developing sudden rapids and whirlpools. Several times it changed its course, and once, according to some observers, it actually appeared to run backwards. Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes, probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811; but the severity of the earthquakes are shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks were stopped in Washington, D.C.
Scientists now know that America’s two major faults are essentially different. The San Andreas is a horizontal boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions. California earthquakes result when the movement of these two masses suddenly lurches (傾斜) forward.
The New Madrid fault, on the other hand, is a vertical fault; a some point, possibly hundreds of millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes under the surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motions trigger (觸發(fā)) earthquakes in the region. The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracks that split off from it, extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern lllinois.
Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811; these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming, but the scientists say have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.
72. This passage is mainly about__________.
A. the New Madrid fault in Missouri
B. the San Andreas and the New Madrid faults
C. the causes of faults
D. current scientific knowledge about faults
73. The New Madrid fault is__________.
A. a horizontal fault            
B. a vertical fault
C. a more serious fault than the San Andreas fault
D. responsible for forming the Mississippi River
74. We may conclude from the passage that__________.
A. it is probably as dangerous to live in Missouri as in California
B. the New Madrid fault will eventually develop a mountain range in Missouri
C. California will become an island in future
D. A big earthquake will occur to California soon
75. This passage implies that__________.
A. horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faults.
B. Vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faults
C. Earthquakes occur only around fault areas
D. California will break into pieces by an eventual earthquake

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


B
At the middle school level, there are many academic clubs in which students can participate. Students can choose clubs that focus on an area of interest.
Mathcounts Club
Mathcounts tries to increase excitement towards mathematic achievement. It hopes to provide students with the foundation for success in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers. Schools select individuals and teams to participate in competitions. Local competitions are held in February with winners progressing to state competitions and then on to the national level. Mathcounts works to challenge student math skills, develop self-confidence and give rewards for their achievements.
Envirothon
The Envirothon program focuses on natural resources knowledge and exposes students to diverse environmental issues, ecosystems, and topography. The ecology field competition for five-member middle school teams offers competitions in wildlife, soils, forestry, current environmental issues and aquatics. Students work and learn in middle school clubs and can compete at the local and state level.
Future Problem Solvers
Future Problem Solvers is an academic club that uses a six-step process to solve problems that may happen in the future. Students who are in the talented and gifted program, who like to “think out of the box,” or who enjoy thinking about futuristic problems may like this club. Teams comprised of four students read future scenes and write up solutions in a booklet using the six-step process. Teams that score high enough can go to the state competition and then to the international competition.
Builders Club
Builders Club is open to any middle school student who wishes to perform community service. Each Builders Club is co-sponsored by a Kiwanis club and the middle school. The members learn by doing, and they learn organization, teamwork, and leadership. Builders Clubs can sponsor a "Teacher of the Year" program, provide a recycling collection point, organize canned food and clothing drives to support local shelters, adopt a resident at a local senior citizens home, adopt a highway, tutor, etc.
Middle school academic clubs offer students a place to explore interests or talents. The clubs they join in middle school can help guide choices in high school and beyond.
59．The students who are not interested in competitions woudld like to choose        .
A．Mathecounts Club    B．Builders Club
C．Future Problem Solvers   D．Envirothon
60．Why do some of the students choose Mathcounts Club?
A．To be successful in science careers.
B．To enjoy solving future problems.
C．To perform community service.
D．To study wildlife and soils.
61．What is the common feature of the four clubs?
A．Competitions.            B．Sponsorship.   
C．Scientific researches.       D．Teamwork.
62．The passage mainly talks about         .
A．the state academic competitions     B．middle school clubs
C．extra – curricular activities        D．the gifted students

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


B
Particles from car exhausts generate more persistent clouds but less rain, new research suggests. Furthermore, putting more of these particles into the atmosphere reduces the low-level winds, which could reduce the amount of wind power available in very polluted regions. The dry but populated regions may therefore suffer a triple blow as a result of vehicle pollution：less water, less hydropower and less wind energy.
Scientists studied the effects of aerosol（浮質(zhì)）pollution from cars and industry. They correlated satellite data on wind speeds and the amount of aerosol particles in the atmosphere above the South Coast Basin in California and above China. Results showed that higher concentrations of aerosols were closely associated with slower ground winds. Scientists then used computer models to support the idea that there was a cause and effect relationship behind this correlation.
Particles floating in the atmosphere block energy from the Sun, preventing it from warming the surface of the Earth. Cooler surface temperatures during the day means the low—level and slow moving air does not rise up and mix with the faster winds at higher altitudes. Slower winds also induce less evaporation from oceans, rivers and lakes. And finally, once clouds have formed, they store less moisture in the form of rain. This is because raindrops form around small particles— dust, for instance, or pollution. With more particles in the atmosphere, it takes longer for enough water to condense（凝結(jié)）onto a particle to form a raindrop. And if the cloud of fine droplets（小滴）moves to a drier area before its would-be rain can rail, the moisture evaporates once more and the cloud disappears.
Scientists note their new work does not contradict previous findings that suggest global warming might lead to more tropical storms, because there is far less particulate（微粒的）pollution over the oceans.
60. The first paragraph mainly talks about        .
A. the results of vehicle pollution
B. an introduction to particles from car exhausts
C. less wind energy in polluted regions
D. less water caused by vehicle pollution
61. From this passage we can learn that        .
A. scientists supported their idea by using material models
B. the new study is contrary to the previous findings
C. if there are more particles in the atmosphere, there will be more raindrops
D. there is a cause and effect relationship between wind speeds and particle pollution
62. The underlined word “induce” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean       _ .
A. reduce         B. persuade           C. cause             D. produce
63. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Pollution and Global Warming          B. Car, Wind and Rain
C. Industry Pollution                    D. How Rain Forms

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many of the world’s pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. Supply for the needs of the people leads to further pollution by industry. If the rapid increase of world population in countries continues at the present rate, there may be much greater harm to human beings. Some scientists speak of the increase in numbers of people as “population pollution.”
About 2,000 years ago, the world population was probably about 250 million. It reached a billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was two billion. It is now three and a half billion. It is expected to double by the year 2,000. If the population continues to grow at the same rate, there will be 25 billion in the world a hundred years from now.
Man has been using the earth’s resources more and more rapidly over the past years. Some of them are almost used up. Now many people believe that man’s greatest problem is how to control the growth of the population. The material supplies in the world will be far from enough to support the human population, in time to come, if the present rate of increase continues. Already there is overcrowding in many cities and starvation in some countries. Should man’s population keep on growing so rapidly as before? Many people believe that human survival in the future depends on the answer to this question.
59. The rapid increase in population is considered to be __________.
A. the increase of resources          B. population pollution
C. the development of mankind       D. the present rate
60. The world population will be _________ by the year 2,000.
A. 7 billion                  B. 250 million       C. 25 billion      D. 3.5 billion
61. If the present rate of increase continue, ________________.
A. the world is going to end
B. the earth won’t be able to support the growing population in the future
C. pollution has nothing to do with the rapidly increasing population
D. there would be four billion in the world a hundred years from now
62. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A. In 1850 the world population reached a billion.
B. Man must fight a battle against population pollution.
C. The world’s population is increasing with years.
D. All of the earth’s resources are gone now.

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