Question

Talking plants might sound like characters in a fairy tale. But recent scientific studies have shown that plants communicate with each other and with other living things in a surprising number of ways. To understand them, scientists say, we just have to learn their language. Farmers are especially interested in what plants have to say.

“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有機體). They can communicate with giant bacteria, with other plants and with insects. They do this chemically，” said Cahill, an Ecology Professor of the University of Alberta in Canada.

Plant scientists are just beginning to understand this chemical “l(fā)anguage”. Cahill says studies have shown, for example, that plants can evaluate (評估) conditions in their immediate environment and take appropriate actions. Plants have an ability, for example, to signal pain or discomfort caused by anything from temperature extremes to an insect attack. Jack Schultz, a professor of chemical ecology at the University of Missouri, says when a plant senses that it's being eaten, it cannot walk away from trouble; on the contrary, it will release a chemical vapor(蒸汽) that alerts other plants nearby.

“Their language is a chemical language, and it involves chemicals that move through the air that are easy to be changeable, and most of all are smells that we are familiar with，” Schultz explained.

“All plants responded to the attack by changing their chemistry to defend themselves，” Schultz recalled. “But we were quite surprised to find that nearby plants also changed their chemistry to defend themselves, even though they were not part of the experiment.”

Studies have also shown that plants under attack release pleasant chemicals. Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.

In the end, plants' ability to communicate their needs—and our ability to understand them—could help farmers reduce the use of poisonous chemicals, cut operating costs and limit damage to the environment.

1.The recent scientific studies have shown that plants can ______.

A．communicate with other living things in a chemical way

B．hardly react to any sudden change in temperature

C．use a very special chemica1 language which is familiar to us

D．respond to the attack by giving off poisonous chemicals

2.When being eaten by an insect, the plant will ________.

A．walk away from trouble

B．change its chemistry to kill the insect

C．release a chemical vapor to “ask” other plants for help

D．give off nice chemicals to attract friendly insects killing the pest

3.The underlined word “alert” most probably means “______”．

A．warn B．protect

C．threaten D．a(chǎn)llow

4.Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．Communication between Plants

B．A Chemical “Language”

C．Plants Can Talk

D．How Plants Protect Themselves

 

Answer 1

1.A

2.D

3.A

4.C

【解析】

試題分析：文章主要講了植物能夠與其他生物通過化學(xué)方式進(jìn)行交流。當(dāng)植物被昆蟲吞食的時候，植物會釋放一種化學(xué)蒸汽，這種化學(xué)蒸汽能夠吸引有益的昆蟲來襲擊害蟲。

1. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有機體)．..They do this chemically.”可知，植物能夠與其他生物通過化學(xué)方式進(jìn)行交流。

2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“when a plant senses that it’s being eaten...on the contrary，it will release a chemical vapor...”以及文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.”可知，當(dāng)植物被昆蟲吞食的時候，植物會釋放一種化學(xué)蒸汽，這種化學(xué)蒸汽能夠吸引有益的昆蟲來襲擊害蟲。

3. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，植物在遭受攻擊時會釋放一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)有兩種功能，一是警示危險的存在，二是發(fā)出求助信息。由此可知，此處的alert應(yīng)該意為“警示，警惕”，即warn。

4. 主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了“植物的特殊語言”及其功能。C項既能概括文章的主題又生動風(fēng)趣，尤其是talk一詞充滿了擬人化的幽默感。

考點：考查科學(xué)類閱讀