【題目】_____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.

A. Being no rain B. There was no rain

C. To be no rain D. There being no rain

【答案】D

【解析】

試題分析：考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。There being no rain為 there be句型的獨(dú)立主格形式。這不是復(fù)合句，這是一個(gè)單句，因?yàn)闆](méi)有連接詞。所以其中一個(gè)句子需要用到獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，沒(méi)有雨可以用it being ，it 作形式主語(yǔ)或者there being 存在結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。

【名師點(diǎn)撥】

-ing形式“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”

動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)一般應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。

Being ill, he went home.由于生病,他回家了。（= As he was very ill, he went home.）

1.表示時(shí)間的-ing形式作“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”

Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class.

每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好后，老師開(kāi)始上課。（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句When everyone wasready)

2． 表示原因的-ing形式作“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”

The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由那個(gè)男孩帶路，我們沒(méi)有困難就找到了那奇怪的洞。（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句Because the boy led the way）

3． 表示條件的-ing形式作“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”

My health allowing, I will work far into the night.

我的健康許可的話，我愿工作到深夜。（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句If my health allows）

4． 表示方式的-ing形式作“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”

The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest.

學(xué)生們快樂(lè)地在學(xué)校里走著，每個(gè)人胸前都帶著一張卡。（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest）

-ed形式“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”

與邏輯主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的-ing形式一樣，如果-ed形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)和句子的主語(yǔ)不一致的話，就需要用-ed形式的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.

由于工人們的生活條件大大提高，他們工作得更起勁了。

= As their living conditions were greatly improved, the workers worked still harder.

比較：動(dòng)詞不定式表示動(dòng)作沒(méi)有發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生，動(dòng)詞-ed形式表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，動(dòng)詞-ing形式往往表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。

The manager looks worried，many things to settle. 經(jīng)理看上去很著急, 有這么多的事情要處理。（事情還沒(méi)有處理，而且是由經(jīng)理本人來(lái)處理，用不定式to settle）

The manager looks relaxed, many things settled. 許多事情已經(jīng)處理好了， 經(jīng)理看上去很輕松。（事情已經(jīng)處理好了，用動(dòng)詞-ed形式settled表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束）

The food being cooked, the boy was watching TV. 小孩一邊做飯，一邊看電視。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行）

The food cooked, the boy went to bed. 飯做好了，小孩去睡了。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作有先后，飯已做好，小孩才去睡覺(jué)的）

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