Question

【題目】（題文）Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.

The ridge (脊?fàn)?/span>) structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one which bears a reproduction of the original pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.

Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer's ink. They can be recorded easily. With special methods, identification (識(shí)別)can be achieved successfully within a short time. Because of the simplicity and low cost of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.

When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye. Special techniques are used to “print” them. Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.

【1】（小題1）Scientists and experts have proved that the pattern of a human being's finger skin____.

A. is similar to his mother's

B. is valuable to himself only

C. is like that of others with the same type of blood

D. is different from that of all others

【2】（小題2）If your fingers are wounded by knife, fire or other means, the structure of skin will _____.

A. be changed partly B. be replaced by a different one

C. be the same when the wound is recovered D. become ugly

【3】（小題3）Some criminals remove their own finger-prints by ______.

A. using printer's ink B. injuring the inner skin

C. damaging the outer skin D. damaging the colour

【4】（小題4）Finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case because it ______.

A. is complicated but reliable B. is simple and not expensive

C. is expensive but easy to do D. can bring a lot of money

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】【1】D

【2】【2】C

【3】【3】B

【4】【4】B

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，世界上每個(gè)人的指紋都是不一樣的，并且指紋是很難改變的，人們利用指紋的這一特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行身份識(shí)別。

【1】【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.”可知科學(xué)家和專家都已經(jīng)證明了指紋的獨(dú)特性，也發(fā)現(xiàn)了不會(huì)有類似的指紋被遺傳。也就是說每個(gè)人的指紋都是不一樣的。故D項(xiàng)正確。

【2】【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.”可知燒傷、割傷以及其他隊(duì)外皮的傷害都會(huì)恢復(fù)，而且形成的指紋與原來的指紋是一樣的。故C項(xiàng)正確。

【3】【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段后兩句“It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.”可知只有在內(nèi)層皮膚受傷的時(shí)候，指紋才會(huì)被改變，有些罪犯就利用這個(gè)特點(diǎn)改變自己的指紋。故B項(xiàng)正確。

【4】【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第四句“Because of the simplicity and low cost of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case.”可知因?yàn)橹讣y識(shí)別系統(tǒng)很簡(jiǎn)單，成本也比較低，所以才會(huì)被用在處理犯罪案件里。故B項(xiàng)正確。

細(xì)節(jié)理解題是高考閱讀理解的常見題型，細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因、結(jié)果、數(shù)字等；議論文中例證細(xì)節(jié)；定義類細(xì)節(jié)。這類題目的共同特點(diǎn)是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。當(dāng)然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根據(jù)文章提供的信息自己組織語(yǔ)句回答問題。主要利用尋讀法（先讀題，帶著題干信息快速瀏覽全文）分為直接理解題和間接理解題，前者常用because，who, what, which, when, where, why和how提問，或判斷正誤；后者需與原文信息轉(zhuǎn)換，表達(dá)上與原文有差異。

本文小題4就屬于直接理解題，直接從第三段第四句“Because of the simplicity and low cost of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case.”可以得出答案。