17.Dogs and other hairy mammals shake at just the right frequencies to get rid of water most quickly from their bodies-and directly on to any unlucky humans nearby.Mice do it.So do tigers and pandas.These animals really know how to shake.Frequency is the number of cycles-movements back and forth-per second.
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta recently recorded videos of 40different animals,standing for 15different species.The scientists wanted to see how wet,hairy mammals shake off water after they get wet.The scientists say the animals shake at just the right frequencies to lose water drops as quickly as possible."I think it's pretty amazing that they can do that,"David Hu,one of the scientists,said.
This study was led by Andrew Dickerson,a graduate student in Hu's lab.His team calls this get-dry shake"nature's analogy(類似) to the spin cycle of a washing machine".Both the washing machine and shaking animals can get rid of water quickly-but animals are much faster than washing machines.For animals,this process helps them control heat in their bodies.
"If a dog couldn't dry itself,it would have to use 25percent of its daily calories to heat its body to get rid of the water,"Hu said."Every time they got wet they would get hypothermia and die."
The bigger the animal,the slower it shakes,according to Dickerson and his team.A mouse moves its body back and forth 27times per second,but a bear shakes only four times per second.
Animals'skin also helps them get rid of water.The scientists are continuing to look at how animals interact with water in the natural world.In particular,the scientists want to know how water interacts with hair-which means studying animals that have got used to life in the water,like beavers and otters.
24.Which of the following animals is not likely to be studied in the experiments?D
A.A panda. B.A tiger. C.A cat. D.A snake.
25.What can we learn from the passage?B
A.Professor David Hu led the study.
B.A dog shakes off water at a higher speed than a washing machine.
C.Animals shake off water to keep themselves cool.
D.A dog shakes off water faster than a mouse.
26.How did David Hu feel about the video?A
A.Surprised. B.Encouraged. C.Excited. D.Amused.
27.Which of the following does hypothermia probably refer to?C
A.a(chǎn) disease caused by hunger
B.a(chǎn) disease caused by getting too hot.
C.a(chǎn) disease caused by getting too cold.
D.a(chǎn) disease caused by shaking too fast.
分析 這是一篇科普文,講的是毛皮哺乳動物身體弄濕后會盡快弄干身上的水,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)它們甩水的頻率比洗衣機還快,研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)動物體型越大,甩的速度越慢.因為水留在毛上她們要多花25%的卡路里來保持體溫.
解答 24-27DBAC24.答案:D 細節(jié)理解題.由第一段"Dogs and other hairy mammals shake at just the right frequencies to get rid of water most quickly from their bodies-and directly on to any unlucky humans nearby."可知這里研究的都是哺乳動物,而A、B、C選項都是哺乳動物,D卻不是,所以答案選D.
25.答案:B 推理判斷題.由第三段"Both the washing machine and shaking animals can get rid of water quickly-but animals are much faster than washing machines."可知動物甩掉身上的水的頻率比洗衣機還快,所以答案選B.
26.答案:A 推理判斷題.由第二段""I think it's pretty amazing that they can do that,"David Hu,one of the scientists,said."可知David Hu對動物甩水的頻率如此快速感到很驚訝,所以答案選A.
27.答案:C 推理判斷題.由倒數(shù)第二段""If a dog couldn't dry itself,it would have to use 25 percent of its daily calories to heat its body to get rid of the water,"Hu said."Every time they got wet they would get hypothermia and die.""可知hypothermia是由于皮毛上的水過多,導(dǎo)致體溫過低而引起其他疾病,最終導(dǎo)致死亡,所以答案選C.
點評 閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點.