How Do Animals Catch their ZZZ's（打鼾聲）？
Different creatures have developed some pretty creative ways to get their rest and stay safe． The lizard likes to sleep at the far end of small branches hanging out over a pond or lake in the rain forest． If a snake tries to slither up the branch to eat it, it will shake the branch and knock the lizard off, and the lizard will fall safely into the water． Chameleons can change color to match their surroundings in order to hide even while sleeping．
Gorillas like to sleep high in the trees． They build a new bed every night, sometimes taking up to half an hour to pile branches, twigs, and leaves into a comfortable bed． Birds also find it safe to sleep in the trees, but unless they have eggs or young chicks, they don't use a nest． They just lock their feet around a branch and hang on． A special tendon in their legs is automatically tight when they are at rest, so they won't let go and fall．
Dolphins live underwater, but must come to the surface to breathe． Scientists now believe that dolphins may sleep with only half their brain, while the other half stays awake to keep them safe and breathing． Seals also do this, lying on their sides on the surface of the water with one flipper underwater paddling to keep their noses above the surface． Some ducks may also have this ability, and actually sleep with one eye closed and one eye open．
小題1:How does a chameleon protect itself while sleeping?

A．By changing its body colors

B．By hanging out over a pond．

C．By sleeping with half their brain．

D．By making beds with branches．

小題2:Why will not birds fall when they are at rest?

A．They build nests and sleep in them．

B．They fall asleep automatically．

C．They have a loose tendon in their legs．

D．They lock their feet around a branch．

小題3:How do dolphins breathe?

A．They breathe underwater．

B．They come to the surface to breathe．

C．They breathe underwater or come to the surface to breathe．

D．We don't know．

小題4:What does the writer intend to tell us?

A．The cleverest animal is the gorilla because it can make beds．

B．Differences in habitat can lead to different living habits．

C．The ways animals catch their ZZZ's are pretty much the same．

D．In order to protect themselves most animals choose not to sleep

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Every boy and every girl expects their parents to give them pocket money． Why do their parents just give them a certain amount?    1  
The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family．   2  Some children get weekly pocket money． Others get monthly pocket money．
First of all, children are expected to make a choice between spending and saving． Then parents should make the children understand what is expected to pay for with the money． At first, some young children may spend all of the money soon after they receive it． Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until it is the right time．  3  
In order to encourage their children to do some housework, some parents give pocket money if the children help around the home． Some experts think it not wise to pay the children for doing that．   4  
Pocket money can give children a chance to experience three things they can do with the money． They can spend it by giving it to a good excuse． They can spend it by buying things they want．   5  Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice（犧牲）． Saving can also open the door to future saving and investing（投資）for children．

A．They can save it for future use．

B．Timing is another consideration（考慮）．

C．As helping at home is a normal part of family life．

D．Some children are not good at managing the pocket money．

E．Learning how to get money is important for children．
F．One purpose（目的）is to let kids learn how to manage their own money．
G．By doing so, these children will learn that spending must be done with a budget

Learners of English, especially self-taught learners may have troubles in understanding speeches by native speakers. The following ways might help improve their listening ability.
First of all, do things step by step. It is not good to listen to something beyond your level. Better choose a proper course and start with the first book. Go on to the second book only after you are sure you understand the first one.
Secondly, stick to (堅持) one course of study. Don't change books often. Never let your attention be attracted (吸引) by another course just because it seems to be more "fashionable" (時髦).
Thirdly, listen to the English news program over the radio from time to time. Better go through the news stories in the Chinese-language newspaper first. That will make it easy for you to understand the English news on the radio.
Fourthly, if you have time, listen to some interesting stories in Special English from the V. O. A. or other listening materials（材料）of the same level as that of your textbook.
小題1:This is a piece of advice to learners of English on how to ______.

A．improve their listening ability	B．read fast
C．write better English and read faster	D．speak correctly

小題2:If you want to understand the English news program on the radio, you should ________.

A．read the Chinese-language newspaper step by step

B．read again and again the Chinese-language newspaper

C．go through the Chinese-language newspaper

D．be able to recite the Chinese language newspaper

小題3:"Beyond your level" means something _______.

A．easy for you

B．too difficult for you

C．not too easy and not too difficult for you.

D．just all right for you

小題4:The author advised that once you have taken up a course, you ______.

A．should stick to it

B．should begin with the last book

C．should take up other courses if they are more fashionable

D．shouldn't do anything else

Do you know blood types?
Special care must be taken in selecting new blood for a badly injured person, who would be killed by the transfusion (輸血) if the blood is too different from his own.
There are four basic types of blood A. B. A B. and O. Blood type, like hair and height, comes from parents. Basically, A and B can not be mixed. AB, sometimes called the universal recipient (萬能受血者), may receive A or B,. O type, often called the universal donor (萬能輸血者), gives his blood to any other group. Patients usually receive nothing, but salt or plasma (血漿) until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of a hospital. There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality (國籍). Among Europeans, about 42 % have type A while 45 % have type O. The fewest is the type B.
小題1:Which of the following show the correct relationship in blood transfusion ("→"means giving blood to...)?
   

A．

B．

C．

D．

小題2:Usually person who has been injured and lost too much blood should be given a blood transfusion______.

A．a(chǎn)fter he receives salt and plasma	B．before he feels uncomfortable
C．when the new blood fits his body	D．a(chǎn)s soon as accident happens

小題3:From this passage we can know that among Europeans ______ 13 % have the type B.
A. about 　　B. no more than 　　C. less than 　　D. at most

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下框的A—F選項中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余項．
A．Join learning communities and help each other.
B．Expect problems, never be disappointed, and gradually you’ll make it.
C．Anytime is learning time.
D．Get interested and arouse（喚起） your desire for knowledge.
E．Cover the same ground from different angles(角度).
F．Try to be a good and effective learner.
As a student, how we can learn our lessons effectively is a common problem which is always puzzling us．If you follow suggestions below, I'm sure you'll find the solution easily.
小題1:Your interest in the subject is the essential driver of success. You can' t learn what you do not want to learn. Emotion is an important part of the learning process. If you are even moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a chance. The key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurable routines, you may find that the subject grows on you. You must always remember learning is just like eating. You don' t expect to enjoy your food without appetite（食欲）.Therefore, you should always try to arouse your interest and desire for knowledge if you want to learn well.
小題2:Don't expect to understand things, or remember too much, the first time you study them．Think about what problem you will meet with in your study, so that you are well-prepared for it. Never be disappointed no matter what happens. Trust that things will get clearer as your brain comes to get new information. It is like a jig-saw puzzle or a cross-word puzzle（縱橫填字游戲）. As you start to put the pieces together, or string the words together, the full picture becomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but on its own schedule．Learning does not take place according to a schedule laid down by a curriculum or teacher. Keep at it, and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult at first, will become second nature with time.
小題3:Your brain is struggling to form patterns to cope with new input from your learning activities．Sometimes, no matter how long you focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up．If you are stuck, move on．Then cover the same general information from a different source, a different book, or a blog, or an online lecture or a video．Try to become a grazing learner, wandering about the countryside, rather than a feed-lot learner, just standing there in one spot, chewing the same bale of hay．The broader your base, the easier it is to learn．Just as the "rich get richer" , the more you know, the more you can learn．
小題4:Take full advantage of the Internet, blogs, and various mobile devices, not to mention good old-fashioned books and magazines．Learn during "dead time". Listen in your car, on the train, or while jogging. Have your learning with you while waiting in the doctor's office, or listen while checking out at the supermarket. Anytime is learning time．Remember, you are learning through exposure, not by nailing things down. It is more like moisture accumulation in a cloud, rather than building a brick wall．
小題5:The "loneliness of the distance learner" is a thing of the past．Join a learning community on the web, where members share their knowledge and experience. Search for the communities that suit your interests and learning styles. You will find encouragement, advice and stimulus from fellow learners, as well as from tutors, teachers and coaches．In these communities, you can measure your progress against your own goals, or compare your experience with that of other learners．You can even teach and help others, which is a great way to learn.

Last year, on report card day, my son and a group of his 13-year-old friends piled into the back seat of my car, ready for the last-day-of-school party at McDonald's. “Jack got a laptop for getting straight A's, and Laurie got a cell-phone,” one boy said. “Oh, yeah, and Sarah got an iPod Nano, and she's only in third grade,” said another. “And how about Brian? He got $10 for each A.”
I suddenly became concerned. These payoffs might get parents through grammar school, but what about high school and beyond? What would be left after the electric guitar, the cell-phone, and the DVD player?       
I saw the road ahead: As the homework load increased, my income would decrease. I saw my comfortable lifestyle disappear before my eyes---no more of those $5 bags of already-peeled organic（施有機肥料的）carrots. No more organic anything!            
I started to feel surprised and nervous. Would every goal achieved by my two children fetch a reward? A high grade point average? A good class ranking? Would sports achievements be included in this reward system: soccer goals, touchdowns（橄欖球底線得分）? What about the orchestra（管弦樂隊）? Would first chair pay more than second? I'd be penniless by eighth-grade graduation.
“We never paid anything for good grades,” said my neighbor across the street, whose son was recently accepted at MIT. “He just did it on his own. Maybe once in a while we went out for pizza, but that's about it.”
Don't you just hate that? We're all running around looking for the MP3 player with the most updates, and she’s spending a few dollars on pizza. She gets motivation; we get negotiation. And what about the primary grades? What do these students get? “When the teacher asked if anyone got rewards for good grades, everyone in my class raised their hands and said they got ice cream cones (蛋卷),” said one third-grader.
小題1:What's the best title for the passage?

A．Tips on Paying Kids for Good Grades

B．New Trends in Paying Kids for Good Grades

C．Good Grades Mean Good Rewards

D．Don't Pay Kids for Good Grades

小題2:What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably mean?

A．Taking care of my children would influence my work.

B．I would spend less money on my children's good grades.

C．More rewards would be needed as my children grow up.

D．Reducing my children's homework load would cost me a lot.

小題3:It can be inferred from the passage that ________. 

A．if you buy children pizza as a reward, they will work harder

B．if you pay kids for good grades, they will take it for granted

C．children will not ask for rewards when they enter high school

D．good grades won't help kids make great progress in the future

小題4:The author takes her neighbor as an example to show _______.

A．pizza is the best way to motivate children

B．it is necessary to reward children for their good grades.

C．getting rewards for good grades is common nowadays

D．rewards are not the only way to motivate children

Alan Izhar-Bodner, an Israeli inventor, has developed a swimming suit for divers to breathe underwater without carrying heavy oxygen tanks. His suit makes use of the air that is dissolved（溶解）in water, just like fish do.
The system uses the Henry Law which states that the amount of gas that can be dissolved in a liquid is proportional (成比例的)to the pressure on the liquid. Raise the pressure ---more gas can be dissolved in the liquid. Decrease the pressure --- less gas dissolved in the liquid releases the gas. This is exactly what happens when you open a can of soda; carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the liquid and is under pressure in the can. Open the can, releasing the pressure, and the gas fizzes(嘶撕作響)out.
Bodner's System obviously uses a special machine to lower pressure in part of a small amount of seawater taken into the system; dissolved gas is taken out. The patent（專利）reads: A self-contained open-circuit（循環(huán)）breathing instrument for use within a body of water naturally containing dissolved air. The instrument is adapted to provide breathable(可吸入的)air. The instrument contains an inlet for taking out a quantity of water from the body of water. It further contains a separator for separating the dissolved air from the quantity of water, thus gaining the breathable air. The instrument further contains an outlet for expelling (驅(qū)逐)the separated water back into the body of water, and another outlet for removing the breathable air and supplying it for breathing. The air is supplied so as to enable it to be expelled back into the body of water after it has been breathed .   
Human beings have been thinking about how to breathe underwater since they started swimming. This long-held desire plays an important part in one of the first great science fiction novels, Jules Verne's 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.
小題1:It can be inferred from the passage that____________ .

A．the less pressure it is, the less carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the liquid

B．the deeper one dives into the ocean, the less gas is dissolved in the water

C．the greater pressure it is, the more carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the liquid

D．the deeper one dives into the ocean, the more gas is dissolved in the water

小題2:This passage is mainly about __________.

A．how Bodner invented the instrument for breathing underwater

B．why Bodner invented the instrument for breathing underwater

C．how Bodner's instrument for breathing underwater works

D．how Bodner's instrument is used by divers for breathing underwater

小題3:From the passage we learn that __________.

A．a(chǎn) separator is used to expel breathable air back into the body of water

B．a(chǎn) separator is used to separate the air from the water so as to make use of the water

C．The breathable air removed from an outlet will eventually go back to the body of water.

D．The breathable air removed from an outlet will immediately go back to the body of water.