Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In the past，most American mothers were at home to take care of their children during the day. Now,  36  , many mothers are working. More than half of the American women with young children have   37  outside the house.
American families solve the child care   38  in different ways. Some parents allow older children to stay at home alone after school. The parents   39  make sure that their children, usually not younger than 10 years old, understand   40  rules and can deal with emergencies (緊急情況). Other parents say they would   41 allow their children to be at home alone. They usually   42 someone to take care of the children.
Some parents in the U. S. find their own ways to cut the cost of child care. They join child care   43  . Each person in the group   44  for the children of other group members at different times. Some parents ask local churches, schools and social organizations to help   45  activities for the children. These child care choices often cost   46  or no money. Many American parents, however, still struggle with the problem of   47  good child care at a reasonable price.

小題1:	A．therefore B．otherwise C．thus D．however

小題2:	A．children B．jobs C．houses D．money

小題3:	A．problem B．question C．chance D．choice

小題4:	A．can B．must C．may D．ought

小題5:	A．dangerous B．safety C．funny D．true

小題6:	A．rather B．certainly C．a(chǎn)lways D．never

小題7:	A．tell B．stop C．pay D．invite

小題8:	A．schools B．groups C．clubs D．hospitals

小題9:	A．cares B．sends C．a(chǎn)sks D．pays

小題10:

A．have B．offer C．play D．join

小題11:

A．much B．little C．enough D．a(chǎn) great deal

小題12:

A．taking B．finding C．losing D．suffering

There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority（優(yōu)先）it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities（復(fù)雜）of spelling.
If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That’s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: “ This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible（難以辨認的）.” It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation（動力）to seek improvement.
小題1:Teachers are different in their opinions about ___________.

A．the difficulties in teaching spelling

B．the role of spelling in general language development

C．the complexities of the basic writing skills

D．the necessity of teaching spelling

小題2: The expression “play safe” probably means ____________.

A．to write carefully	B．to do as the teachers say
C．to use dictionaries frequently	D．to avoid using words one is not sure of

小題3: Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that___________.

A．students will be able to express their ideas more freely

B．students will have more confidence in writing

C．teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes

D．students will learn to be independent of teachers

小題4: The writer seems to think that the teacher’s judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is____________.

A．unfair

B．reasonable

C．foolish

D．careless

小題5:The major point discussed in the passage is_____________.

A．the importance of developing writing skills

B．the complexities of spelling

C．the correct way of marking compositions

D．the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition

Children of America are getting fatter every time. 13% of the children at the age of 6 to 11 are overweight(too fat).
When we look at children’s lives today in the USA, we can see the root(origin)of the problem--sports and foods. Young children like sports but they don’t have enough around the start of high school. That’s especially true for girls. Meanwhile, to make matters worse, schools are becoming much more interested in sports teams. So children are not able to get enough exercise just when they need it the most. There is also the food problem. Children get most of their calories(熱量) at restaurants or parties or somewhere else away from home. They often drink too many Cokes. Parents have a lot of fears about telling a child he needs to lose weight-- they are afraid it will push a child into an eating disorder. Some parents fear that pushing children to lose weight means their children will think they’re not good enough, or not loved because of their weight. Parents need to come to terms with the fact that the family is very important to the children. The most useful program for children is called "family weight control". This is good news. Mom and Dad, even if they don’t have weight problems, have to go through the same program as their children and learn how to get some exercise and how to eat healthily.                                                                      
小題1:Why are American children getting fatter? The writer thinks_______.

A．parents also have weight problem as their children

B．children drink too many Cokes

C．schools are more interested in sports teams

D．children have less exercise and eat unhealthily

小題2:The writer wants to tell parents that_______.

A．overweight children are not loved by people

B．children are afraid to lose weight when they have to

C．family members can help overweight children a lot

D．girls don’t like to exercise

小題3:The writer thinks if mother or father is on the same program as their children, _______.

A．"family weight control" will be successful

B．it will make the children eat much more

C．their children will not eat better

D．parents will feel sorry about themselves

小題4:Which of the following is NOT the root of overweight problem? _______.

A．Higher-calorie.

B．Less sports.

C．Family weight control.

D．higher-fat foods.

小題5:What does “come to terms with” probably mean in the passage?

A．ignore

B．give in to

C．get away with

D．do research into

　A university graduate described as a “respectable and intelligent” woman is seeking professional(專業(yè)的) help after being convicted of （證明有……罪）shoplifting for the second time in six months.
Ana Luz, recently studying for her PhD, has been told she could end up behind bars unless she can control the desire to steal from shops .
Luz ,who lives with her partner in Fitzwilliam Road ,Cambridge ,admitted stealing clothes worth ￡9.95 from John Lewis in Oxford Street ,London ,on March 9.
Phillip Lemoyne ,prosecuting（起訴）,said Luz selected some clothes from a display and took them to the ladies’ toilet in the store .When she came out again she was wearing one of the skirts she had selected ,having taken off the anti-theft security alarms（防盜警報裝置）.
She was stopped and caught after leaving the store without paying, Mr Lemoyne said.
He added that she was upset on her arrest and apologized for her actions.
Luz,28, was said to have been convicted of shoplifting by Cambridge judges last October ,but Morag Duff, defending ,said she had never been in trouble with the police before that .
“She is ashamed and embarrassed（尷尬） but doesn’t really have any explanation why she did this ,” Miss Duff said . “She didn’t intend to steal when she went into the store .She is at a loss to explain it. She is otherwise a very respectable and intelligent young lady .She went to her doctor and asked for advice because she wants to know if there is anything in particular that caused her to do this.”
Judge David Azan fined Luz ￡ 50,  and warned : “You’ve got a criminal record .If you carry on like this ,you will end up in prison ,which will ruin your bright future you may have.”
Luz achieved a degree in design at university in her native Spain, went on to a famous university in Berlin , Germany for her master’s degree and is now studying for a PhD at Cambridge University ,UK.
小題1:What does the underlined sentence “She is at a loss to explain it” mean?

A．In her opinion it was a loss to the clothes shops where she stole things.

B．She doesn’t have any idea why she has the desire to steal from shops.

C．She thinks it is a loss for her to explain why she stole things from shops.

D．Personally she feels ashamed and embarrassed for her shoplifting actions.

小題2:Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “shoplifting” used in the passage?

A．Carrying goods in a lift for a shop.	B．Taking goods to the ladies’ toilet .
C．Selecting some goods from a display.	D．Taking goods from a shop without paying.

小題3:From the passage we can learn that           .

A．Ana Luz is already got her PhD at Cambridge University ,UK

B．Ana Luz is ashamed and embarrassed and knows why she often did so

C．the university graduate will be put in prison if she steals in shops once more

D．Phillip Lemoyne is the “respectable and intelligent” woman’s defense lawyer

小題4:What would be the best title for the passage ?

A．Shoplifting Shame of a PhD Student.

B．Apologizing for the Actions in Shops.

C．Seeking Professional Help from Experts.

D．Controlling the Desire to Steal from Shops

Many young people in America go to camps when they are out of school during the summer. They are offered a chance to explore different things: nature, sports, music, technology ——even business and economy.
One such program for high school students in the Pacific Northwest is called Washington Business Week. The program began in 1975. Officials say forty-five thousand people have attended Washington Business Week. Other states now have similar camps.
Washington Business Week describes itself as a way to learn more about how to plan for the future in an ever-changing economy. Students form an executive(行政的) management (管理) team. They lead an imaginary company to financial success.
The camp is held at three colleges in Washington State. The high school students live in the college housing. The cost of the camp is almost three hundred dollars, but families can receive financial assistance(援助).
Some business camps are free. These are for students from poor areas. The National Foundation for Teaching Entrepreneurship（企業(yè)家）(NFTE) is an organization based in New York City that supports such camps. It has programs around the United States and its Web site lists international partners in China, Tanzania and a few other countries. NFTE says it has served more than one hundred thousand young people since 1987.
Among other business camps is Camp C.E.O.. C.E.O is an chief executive officer. And this camp is for girls only. Camp C.E.O. is supported by the Girl Scouts of America and takes place for one week each summer.
The camp took place last month in Tennessee. The girls worked with successful businesswomen
from different industries. The girls learned how to build a business and develop an idea into a product. And, we imagine, they also had some fun.
小題1: In Washington Business Week, students successfully run a company_______.

A．that they are working in	B．that belongs to the American government
C．that does not actually exist	D．that was once shut down

小題2:Which of the following is True about NFTE?

A．It offers financial help to all students.

B．It has programs in America and some other countries.

C．It was organized by many rich New Yorkers.

D．One of its aims is to train students to be business managers.

小題3:What can we conclude from the passage ?

A．The Americans are good at enjoying their lives in many camps.

B．The young Americans are living a happy life in camps.

C．The Americans pay attention to developing the students’ abilities.

D．It is easier to organize business camps in America than other countries.

小題4:Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Summer camps for students             B. Summer camps for future C.E.O.
C. Summer camps being popular           D. Summer camps in the world

People hold the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people don’t like the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, commitment(承擔的義務(wù))，self-improvement.
Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment, for commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most obvious features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word “fun” to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
Understanding and accepting true happiness is one of the most liberating realizations because true happiness has nothing to do with fun. It liberates(解放) time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actully may not be happy at all.
小題1:According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because____

A．he is unwilling to take family responsibilities

B．he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single

C．he finds more fun in dating than in marriage

D．he fears it will put an end to all his fun, adventure and excitement

小題2: The underlined word bachelor means_________

A．a(chǎn) married man	B．a(chǎn) college student
C．a(chǎn) single man	D．a(chǎn)n academic degree

小題3:From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes results from______

A．hatred

B．misunderstanding

C．prejudice

D．ignorance

小題4:To understand what true happiness, one must________

A．have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime.

B．make every effort to liberate oneself from pain

C．put up with pain under all circumstances

D．be able to distinguish happiness from fun

小題5:What is the author trying to tell us?

A．Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.

B．One must know how to attain happiness.

C．It is important to make commitments.

D．It is pain that leads to happiness.

City buses are white and blue. Please board at the front door and pay the fare as you get on. The fare per ride is $1.50 for adults and $1.00 for senior citizens. The fare may be paid by cash, bus pass or multiple passes. Please pay the exact amount directly into the slot at the top of the fare box. Remember that bills are not accepted and drivers cannot make change for riders.
When you wish to get off the bus, please notify the driver in advance by pressing one of the buttons provided throughout the bus for this purpose. The bus may pass bus stops without stopping if no one is getting off or waiting to get on.
There are five subway lines in the city. The fare is set at five rates from $2.00 to $3.50 according to the number of predetermined(  )“price zones” traveled. To purchase the appropriate ticket, please check the fare on the boards installed above the ticket-selling machines in each subway station.
Pass through the automated ticket gates by inserting the ticket into the slot. When getting off the subway at a station beyond the validity of the ticket, pay the additional fare at a fare-adjustment machine.
小題1:According to the information, all bus riders should _________.

A．exit from the back door	B．let the driver know in advance if they want to get off
C．a(chǎn)sk the driver for change	D．pay according to a “price zone”

小題2:What is the lowest cost of a subway ride for an adult?

A．$1.00.

B．$1.50 .

C．$2.00.

D．$3.50.

小題3: How can a rider determine the fare of a subway ride?

A．It is automatically determined.	B．It is always $2.00
C．Fare-adjustment machines determine the fare.	D．All fares are posted

小題4:This text mainly tells us _________.

A．how to use city buses and subways

B．how convenient city buses and subways are

C．how to pay the fare for city buses and subways

D．how well city buses and subways are equipped

Recently, an Internet game has become a new fashion among young office workers and students. People can “farm” on a piece of “l(fā)and” and “grow”, “sell” or even “steal” “vegetables”, “flowers” and “fruits” on the Net. They earn some e-money and buy more “seeds”, “pets” and even “houses”.
Joyce interviewed some young people. Here are their opinions.
Harold: I don’t quite understand why they are so mad about the childish game. Maybe they are just not confident enough to face the real world.
Allan: I enjoy putting some “bugs” (小蟲子) in my friends’’ gardens and we’ve become closer because of the game. Having fun together is the most exciting thing about it.
Laura: You know, people in the city are longing for the life in the countryside. It reduces my work pressure in the office; besides, it gives me the exciting feeling of being a “thief”.
Ivy: Well, it’s just a waste of time. Teenagers playing the game spend so many hours on it that they cannot pay more attention to their study.
小題1:By playing the game, people can ______.

A．make a lot of money	B．make many friends
C．have great fun	D．better their life

小題2: The people “steal” someone else’s “vegetables” to ______.

A．live a more comfortable life

B．show their confidence in the reality

C．earn e-money to develop their own "farm"

D．enjoy the feelings of being children

小題3: Among the people interviewed, ______ doesn’t like the game at all.

A．Laura

B．Harold

C．Joyce

D．Allan

小題4: What can you learn about Laura from the passage?

A．She is a college student.	B．She lives in a village.
C．She is an office worker.	D．She wants to be a thief.

They like using the Internet. They have lots of pocket money to spend. And they spend a higher proportion of it online than the rest of us. Teenagers are just the sort of people an online seller is interested in, and the things they want to buy－games, CDs and clothing－are easily sold on the Web.
But paying online is a tricky business for consumers who are too young to own credit cards. Most have to use a parent’s card. They want a facility that allows them to spend money.
That may come sooner than they think: new ways to take pocket money into cyber (網(wǎng)絡(luò)的) space are coming out rapidly on both sides of the Atlantic. If successful, these products can stimulate online sales.
In general, teenagers spend huge amounts: $153bn (billion) in the US last year and ￡20bn annually in the UK. Most teenagers have access to the Internet at home or at school－88 percent in the US, 69 percent in the UK. According to the Jupiter Research, one in eight of those with Internet access has bought something online－mainly CDs and books.
In most cases, parents pay for these purchases with credit cards, an arrangement that is often unsatisfactory for them and their children. Pressing parents to spend online is less productive than pressing on the high street. They are more likely to ask “Why?” if you ask to spend some money online.
One way to help teenagers change notes and coins into cybercash is through prepaid cards such as InternetCash in the US and Smart cards in the UK. Similar to those for pay-as-you-go mobile telephones, they are sold in amounts such as￡20 or $50 with a concealed 14-digit number that can be used to load the cash into an online account.
小題1: What does the word “They” in paragraph 1 refer to?

A．Sellers.

B．Buyers.

C．Teenagers.

D．Parents.

小題2:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．More than half of the teenagers in the US and the UK have Internet access.

B．Teenagers pay for goods online with their own credit cards.

C．Most teenagers in the US and the UK have bought something online.

D．Teenagers found it easier to persuade parents to buy online than in a shop.

小題3:New way to help teenagers shop online is to use ______.

A．a(chǎn) new machine	B．special coins and notes
C．prepaid cards	D．pay-as-you-go mobile phones

小題4:What is the passage mainly about?

A．Online shopping traps.	B．Internet users in the US and the UK.
C．New credit cards for parents.	D．The arrival of cyber pocket money.

Without proper planning，tourism can cause problems．For example，too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of the country．If tourists create too much traffic，the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy．They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely．They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy．It is important to think about the people of a destination (旅行目的地) country and how tourism affects them．Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists．Tourism should also advance the wealth and happiness of local inhabitants．
Too much tourism can be a problem．If tourism grows too quickly，people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry．This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer．
On the other hand，if there is not enough tourism，people can lose jobs．Businesses can also lose money．It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels．Airports，first-class roads，and other support facilities (配套設(shè)施) needed by tourist attractions．For example，a major international class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build．If this room is not used most of the time，the owners of the hotel will lose money．
Building a hotel is just a beginning．There must be many other support facilities as well，including roads to get to the hotel，electricity，sewers (下水道) to handle waste，and water．All of these support facilities cost money．If they are not used because there are not enough tourists，jobs and money are lost．
小題1:Which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection?

A．It is extremely important to develop tourism．

B．Building roads and hotels is important．

C．Support facilities are highly necessary．

D．Planning is of great importance to tourism．

小題2:The underlined word “inhabitants” (in Paragraph 1) probably means ______．

A．citizens

B．passengers

C．population

D．tourists

小題3:Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT _______．

A．a(chǎn) bad effect on other industries	B．a(chǎn) change of tourists’ customs
C．over-crowdedness of places of interest	D．pressure on traffic

小題4:It can be inferred from the text that _______．

A．the author doesn’t like tourism developing so fast.

B．local people will benefit from tourist attraction.

C．people will lose jobs because of the development of tourism.

D．we shouldn’t build support facilities needed by tourist attractions .

小題5:The author thinks it is good for local people to know that tourism will _____．

A．waste a lot of money	B．weaken their economy
C．help establish (確立) their customs	D．help improve their life