Tiredness, coughing, a runny nose and a sore throat—among all sicknesses there is probably none more common than the flu, which we all get now and then.

However, bird flu is a completely different story.

Ten years ago, the H5N1 bird flu swept across 15 countries, including China, with sufferers reporting chest pain, difficulty breathing, fever and severe coughing. More than 600 people were infected, and about 60 percent died. Now another type of bird flu hit Shanghai and three neighboring provinces, and this time the virus is called H7N9. By the afternoon of April 11, the new virus had taken nine lives out of 35 infected, according to Xinhua News Agency.

The“H”and“N”in the virus’ name refers to two kinds of proteins on the surface of the virus. Any change of the numbers of the two proteins indicates a new mutation(變異). Most of the mutations only affect birds, such as chickens and pigeons, and don’t normally spread to humans. But once they do, the results can be disastrous.

“Any time an animal influenza virus crosses to humans, it is a cause for concern, ”Malik Peiris, virologist(病毒學(xué)家)at the University of Hong Kong, told Nature magazine. Take the SARS epidemic(傳染病)10 years ago as an example. The virus behind the disease is thought to have jumped to humans from animals. The virus was a complete“stranger”to human bodies, which hadn’t developed an immunity against it.

But there is something more about the new H7N9 bird flu. Unlike the H5N1 bird flu, which causes severe sickness in birds, the H7N9 has been evolving under the radar(悄悄地)since it travels between birds without causing noticeable illness. That makes it difficult to keep track of the disease.

The good news is that there’s so far no sign that the virus is spreading from person to person. But since there is no vaccine for the disease yet, the World Health Organization recommends that you wash your hands after meeting with sick people and before and after you eat or prepare food, and they also suggest avoiding contact with birds or their eggs.

1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A. The H5N1 bird flu turned out to have something to do with the SARS epidemic.

B. More than 600 people across the world died from the H5N1 bird flu ten years ago.

C. Most of the mutations of the proteins in the bird flu virus are harmful to both birds and humans.

D. The name, H7N9 bird flu, shows that there have been new mutations of the proteins in the virus.

2.With the example of the SARS epidemic in Paragraph 5, the author intends to　　　.

A. introduce where the SARS virus came from

B. inform us of the harmful effects of the SARS epidemic ten years ago

C. show the horrible effects an animal influenza virus can have once it spreads to humans

D. compare the differences between the SARS epidemic and the H7N9 bird flu

3.What makes the H7N9 bird flu more frightening than the H5N1 bird flu according to the text?

A. It can cause severe sickness in birds.

B. It can spread from person to person.

C. It affects a greater number of birds.

D. It doesn’t sicken birds and thus can spread unnoticed.

4.What are people advised to do to protect themselves against the H7N9 bird flu?

a. To get vaccinated for the disease.

b. To keep away from birds and their eggs.

c. To stop eating chickens and ducks.

d. To avoid meeting with sick people.

e. To wash hands thoroughly and regularly.

A. a, b　　　B. c, d

C. b, e　　　D. a, e

As a boy growing up in India, I had longed to travel abroad. I used to listen to the stories my father would tell me about his stay in Canada and tours to Europe in the 1970s, with great interest.

My big moment finally came in the summer of 1998 when I was able to accompany my parents to Europe, where my father was to attend a meeting. We planned to travel to Belgium, Netherlands and West Germany.

I have vivid memories even today of going to Mumbai airport at night all excited about finally going abroad. I had heard several great things about Lufthansa till then but now I finally got to experience them first hand, during the flight to Frankfurt. We flew business class and even today I can remember the excellent service by the Lufthansa crew. The flight was really smooth and thoroughly enjoyable, even for someone like me, who is otherwise scared of flying.

After spending almost two weeks in Europe, we took the Lufthansa airport express from Dusseldorf to Frankfurt airport, for our return flight. What a journey that was!All along the Rhine(萊茵河), it was simply an unforgettable experience. I was in a sombre mood on the flight back to Mumbai as it marked the end of a wonderful vacation, but the Lufthansa crew members were able to change it into a most enjoyable experience yet again, with the quality of their service.

Being the first airline to take me overseas, Lufthansa will always hold a special place in my heart. Even today, I continue to enjoy flights on Lufthansa and simply cannot dream of choosing any other airline. Flying, in general, for me, has always been an ordeal(terrible and painful experience). Flying on Lufthansa, however, is something I always have and always will look forward to.

1.Which country does the author live in now?

A. India. 　B. Canada. 　 C. Belgium. 　D. Germany.

2.Which of the following is TRUE about the author’s trip to Europe in 1998?

A. The author traveled with one of his parents.

B. Both their going and return are by air.

C. They traveled in spring that year.

D. They stayed in Europe for nearly two months.

3.It can be inferred from the passage that Lufthansa is　　　.

A. a city in IndiaB. a city in Europe

C. an airline companyD. a travel agency

4.The underlined word“sombre”in the 4th paragraph probably means“　　　”.

A. happyB. sad

C. angryD. enjoyable

While students in Hainan are quite used to clear skies, Beijing teenagers are not so lucky. As another warm winter approaches, the city can expect the normal clouds of smoke caused by air pollution.

But things may start to improve soon. The government is co-operating with a US-based environmental protection agency to update existing buses and trucks with clean fuel technology. The new technology could reduce air pollutants in existing diesel engines(柴油機(jī))by 40 percent. The programme will begin by testing buses in Beijing to see if the technology can be applied to them.

“We encourage the development of public transports. But at the same time we need to reduce pollution from them, ”said an official.

Efforts are being made to improve the capital’s environment with tighter controls on emissions(排放). Some heavily polluting factories and construction sites, such as those owned by the steel giant Shougang Group, have been asked to cut production in November and December or be closed.

Beijing was the third polluted city in the world at the end of last century, according to the UN. But thanks to recent measures, the capital has made some progress. Last year 224 clear days were rated as having good air quality. In 1998 the air quality index(指數(shù))gave just 100 days as good.

“I am glad to see an improvement, ”said a senior 1 boy living in the northwest of Beijing. “Compared to other places, the air quality of Beijing is still worrying though. I hate pollution. Once I was riding my bike in the morning when I almost had a traffic accident because I couldn’t see a car only metres away from me in fog. ”

In early October, the skies were covered by such a thick fog that a display show by the visiting French Air Force was called off.

Rapid development, industry, traffic fumes and sandstorms from the desert all contribute to the city’s bad air.

1. The passage is mainly about　　　.

A. a programme aiming at improving Beijing’s air quality

B. progress made in Beijing’s air quality

C. Beijing’s air pollution

D. the differences between Hainan and Beijing

2.Which of the following is NOT the measure taken or to be taken to improve Beijing’s air quality?

A. Clean fuel technology will be used in public transports.

B. Some factories have been asked to cut production.

C. Some construction sites have been told to be closed.

D. A display show of airplanes has been called off.

3. We can infer from the passage that, with the aim of being an ecological(生態(tài)的)city, 　　　.

A. far more still needs to be done

B. nothing else needs to be done

C. all traffic has to be closed

D. the development of the city has to be slowed down

4.Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?

A. Beijing’s air quality is getting worse and worse.

B. Rapid development, industry, traffic fumes and sandstorms are all the causes of bad air quality.

C. People see clouds of smoke in the sky in the winter of Beijing.

D. The government is making efforts to stop air pollution.

—My son is addicted to computer games. He is hopeless, isn't he?

—Yes, ________ he is determined to give up and start all over.

A．if B．when

C．even if D．unless

Crossing roads without taking traffic lights into consideration, ________ they are part of a crowd, has been labeled as the “Chinese style of crossing roads.”

A．since B．as if

C．though D．so long as

Provide your doctor with a detailed medical history ________ he can give you accurate treatment.

A．even if B．in case

C．so that D．as though

He always keeps silent when others are talking excitedly, ________ inwardly he is a man full of passion.

A．and B．for

C．so D．yet

Kids don't learn their native language consciously, ________ they become fluent in it very fast.

A．but B．and

C．for D．so

________ the parking regulations have become stricter, more people will use public transport and leave their cars at home.

A．Now that B．Even though

C．In case D．In order that

________ Sandy's damage is unlikely to last long, it would apparently hurt the total economic output of the fourth quarter.

A．Since B．Before

C．Unless D．Although