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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

“Colour” and “color”, “favourite” and “favorite”···Have you ever wondered why Americans spell those words without a “u”? Is it because they are lazy?
Of course not. In fact, the difference in spelling was created by Noah Webster (1758—1843). He is a teacher who reformed English to make American identity stronger. Linguists（語言學家） celebrated his 250th birthday on October 16. After the Revolutionary War(1775—1783), Webster believed that Americans should have their own dictionary, rather than rely on British versions（版本）. He dropped the British “u” in some words. And he changed “centre” into “center” for children to learn English by spelling words more like they sounded.
Webster wasn’t shy about expressing his opinions. In defining（定義） preposterous, he wrote: “A republican government in the hands of females is preposterous.”
Webster spent 28 years on the project before completing the 70,000-word dictionary in 1828 with his American-style spellings. He also added local words. His dictionary was widely used in schools. Linguists believed it helped a new nation achieve unity and cultural independence at a time when most were focused on political freedom.
“He was the shaper of our language and the shaper of American identity,” said Joshua Kendall, who is working on a biography（傳記） about Webster. “He at last bonded（聯(lián)合） us through our language.”

  1. 1.

    According to the passage, when he worked on his dictionary, Noah Webster did all of the following EXCEPT______

    1. A.
      dropping “u” in all the British words
    2. B.
      changing “centre” into “center”
    3. C.
      adding local words
    4. D.
      expressing his opinion
  2. 2.

    When did Noah Webster probably begin his project of the dictionary?

    1. A.
      In 1758
    2. B.
      In 1783
    3. C.
      In 1800
    4. D.
      In 1828
  3. 3.

    Why did Noah Webster create these differences in his dictionary?

    1. A.
      Because he wanted to make English simple and easy
    2. B.
      Because he wanted American English to have it own characteristics（特征）
    3. C.
      Because he wanted to make American English the best in the world
    4. D.
      Because he wanted to show that the USA is stronger than the UK
  4. 4.

    Which of the following word can best describe Noah Webster’s work?

    1. A.
      Interesting
    2. B.
      Boring
    3. C.
      Unfinished
    4. D.
      Meaningful
  5. 5.

    Which of the following would probably be the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Webster
    2. B.
      American identity
    3. C.
      The shaper of American English
    4. D.
      Spelling difference between American and British English

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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

There are fifty states in the United States. The largest in population is California,the largest in area is Alaska. Alaska is the smallest in population and Rhode Island is the smallest in size. The oldest states are the ones along the Atlantic coast. The newest states are Alaska and Hawaii. Alaska is also the coldest state. California and Florida are the warmer. Henry and his family live in Seattle, a big city, on the Pacific coast. But Los Angeles and San Francisco, also on the Pacific coast, are larger than Seattle. Henry's cousin, Susan, lives in New York. It is the largest city in the United States. Thousands of people visit New York each year. The most important city in the United States is Washington D. C. It is the capital, but it is much smaller than New York

  1. 1.

    How many states are there in the U. S. A ?

    1. A.
      Five
    2. B.
      Forty- Five
    3. C.
      Fifty
    4. D.
      Fifteen
  2. 2.

    Which state is the largest in population?

    1. A.
      California
    2. B.
      Rhode-Island
    3. C.
      Alaska
    4. D.
      Los Angeles
  3. 3.

    Which state is the smallest in population?

    1. A.
      Rhode Island
    2. B.
      Seattle
    3. C.
      San Francisco
    4. D.
      Alaska
  4. 4.

    Which of the following is true?

    1. A.
      The oldest states are the ones along the Pacific coast
    2. B.
      Washington is the most important and the largest city
    3. C.
      New York is the largest city in the United States
    4. D.
      Henry's cousin lives in the Seattle
  5. 5.

    Why is Washington D. C. the most important American city?
    Because _________

    1. A.
      it is the largest city
    2. B.
      it is the largest in population
    3. C.
      it is the most beautiful city
    4. D.
      it is the capital of the United States

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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Certain animals know without analysis the difference between a number of objects and a smaller number. In his book The Natural History of Selbourne (1786), the naturalist Gilbert White tells how he surreptitiously removed one egg a day from a kind of bird Plover’s nest, and how the mother laid another egg each day to make up for the missing one. He notes that other kinds of birds ignore the loss of a single egg, but if more than one egg has been removed, they will give up their nests. It has also been noted that a certain type of bees always provides five—never four, never six—caterpillars (毛蟲) for each of their eggs so that their young have something to eat when the eggs have hatched out. Research has also shown that both mice and pigeons can be taught to distinguish between odd (奇數(shù)) and even (偶數(shù)) numbers of food pieces.
These have led some people to think that creatures can actually count. They also point to dogs that have been taught to respond to questions about numbers with the correct number of barks.
Animals respond to quantities only when they are connected to survive as in the case of the eggs, or survive as in the case of food. They can “count” only when the objects are present and only when the numbers involved are small—no more than seven or eight. In lab experiments, animals which are trained to count one kind of objects were unable to count any other type. What interests them are the objects, not the numbers. Animals’ achievements simply are not equal to evidence of counting. They only show the results of clever, careful training

  1. 1.

    The author refers to Gilbert’s book in paragraph 1 in order to_______

    1. A.
      support the idea that animals can count
    2. B.
      show attitudes have changed since 1786
    3. C.
      prove that some animals are aware of quantities
    4. D.
      indicate that more research is needed in this field
  2. 2.

    The author mentions all of the following are aware of quantities in some way EXCEPT _______

    1. A.
      caterpillars
    2. B.
      bees
    3. C.
      mice
    4. D.
      plovers
  3. 3.

    The underlined word “surreptitiously” probably means _______

    1. A.
      quickly
    2. B.
      carefully
    3. C.
      occasionally
    4. D.
      secretly
  4. 4.

    Where does this text probably come from?

    1. A.
      A news report
    2. B.
      A science fiction
    3. C.
      A park guide
    4. D.
      A biology magazine

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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

In a little-known part of the counter-terrorism（反恐怖主義） world, one of the most effective detection systems is a 600-pound animal that works for about 20 pounds of fish a day.
Since the 1960s, the United States and a handful of other countries have trained dolphins and sea lions to detect sea mines and swimmers, to recover inert torpedoes（魚雷）and to test objects used in Naval exercises.
Program officials estimate that the sea lions in the Marine Mammal Program have recovered millions of dollars of U.S. Naval torpedoes and instrumentation dropped on the sea floor.
The U.S. Navy kept its Marine Mammal Program a secret until the 1990s, and this spring CNN became one of only a handful of media outlets to see firsthand how the program works.
The program has trained about 75 Pacific bottlenose dolphins, with natural biosonar (生物聲納) that tracks better than any manmade device; and 35 California sea lions, with superb underwater eyesight.
Not only do these trained marine mammals track and retrieve millions of dollars in U. S. military equipment, they are also helping to save lives.
The Navy won't disclose whether the dolphins and sea lions have effectively intercepted （阻攔）terrorists attempting to do harm to any U.S. facilities.
"Either way, it serves as a deterrent（阻礙） effect." says Christian Harris, operations supervisor for the program. The mammals can be deployed（調(diào)動） via C-130 cargo aircraft to perform their missions anywhere in the world within 72 hours. They have been used in exercises from Alaska to Hawaii, operating in great temperature and environmental ranges. They also have the capability to operate off vessels.
Dolphins most recently were deployed in the Iraq war, performing mine detection and clearance operations in the Persian Gulf to ensure safe passage for humanitarian ships delivering aid. Some of these Iraq war "veterans" are now back home, tasked with a new mission: guarding nuclear submarines in their homeports of Bremerton, Washington, and Groton, Connecticut

  1. 1.

    The underlined word "retrieve" in Paragraph 6 can be replaced by ________

    1. A.
      find out
    2. B.
      recover
    3. C.
      save
    4. D.
      detect
  2. 2.

    Which is NOT the purpose of the Marine Mammal Program?

    1. A.
      To detect sea mines and swimmers
    2. B.
      To save lives of people
    3. C.
      To recover inert torpedoes
    4. D.
      To help the U.S. Naval test equipment
  3. 3.

    What can be inferred according to the text?

    1. A.
      These trained marine mammals eat pounds of fish a day
    2. B.
      The U.S. Navy performed the Marine Mammal Program for about 30 years secretly
    3. C.
      These mammals can carry out a task everywhere
    4. D.
      A lot of countries will train dolphins and sea lions for anti-terrorism
  4. 4.

    What would be the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      The Special Skills of Marine Mammals
    2. B.
      The U.S. Anti-terrorism Program
    3. C.
      Exceptional Anti-terrorism Member
    4. D.
      Trained Marine Mammals

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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Since 1950, the amount of information about the nutrition of food has increased by nearly 900 percent. Besides this fact, obesity has risen by 214 percent and nearly two out of every three adults in America are overweight or obese. Being overweight is not only an appearance problem, and it also increases the risk of various diseases including diabetes, sleep disorder and cancer.
With so much nutritional knowledge easy to find, we cannot simply ignore our present obesity epidemic(流行病). We know that fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin. Though we are overweight, many of us choose junk food over healthy food out of habits. One explanation for our strong desire for junk food is that we learn to connect junk food with positive feelings when we are young, and changing this attitude requires a huge amount of confidence and determination. Fortunately, new research published in May 2012 has shown a simple and accessible way to make healthier food choices- the one that doesn’t rely on great determination.
The research was based on two separate studies and it was carried out by T. Bettina Cornwell of the University of Oregon and Anna R. McAlister of Michigan State University. In the first study, 60 adults between the ages of 19 and 23 were questioned about the role of food and drinks. The survey tells us that adults prefer sweetened drinks with high-calorie, salty foods, to sweetened drinks with vegetables.
In the second study, 75 children between the ages of 3 and 5 were gathered for some experiments including drinks served with vegetables. The preschooler experiments were carried out under different situations and on different days. The researchers found that the children chose to take more green vegetables when they were served with water instead of a sweetened drink.
According to Cornwell, children learn to connect high calorie, sugary drinks such as cola, with high fat foods such as French fries, from a very early age. McAlister adds that early taste development appears to play an important role in food choices later in life. Meals served at home and meals offered at restaurants, set the stage for this idea and for the preference to choose junk food over healthy food, when beginning to take sweetened drinks.
“Our taste preferences are heavily influenced by regularly eating particular food and drinking particular drink,” states Cornwell. “If the drink on the table goes against both adults and children eating their vegetables, then perhaps it is time to change that drink… and to serve water with all meals. Restaurants could easily use water as free drink for children’s meals and charge extra money for other drinks.” Both McAlister and Cornwell are confident that serving water with meals could effectively reduce the nation’s obesity rates, diabetes rates and ever rising healthcare costs

  1. 1.

    What may cause the risk of diseases according to the text?

    1. A.
      Over nutrition
    2. B.
      Obesity
    3. C.
      Unbalance diets
    4. D.
      Junk food
  2. 2.

    What makes many of us choose junk food according to the author?

    1. A.
      Positive feelings about food
    2. B.
      High calorie of junk food
    3. C.
      Nice taste
    4. D.
      Eating habits
  3. 3.

    The underlined word “accessible” in Paragraph 2 means”_________”

    1. A.
      quick
    2. B.
      useful
    3. C.
      easy to change
    4. D.
      easy to get
  4. 4.

    From Paragraph5, we know that __________

    1. A.
      children may like sugary and high-calorie drinks even from an early age
    2. B.
      early preference for food and drink may influence food choices later in life
    3. C.
      easy preference for drinks should not be allowed in most of the restaurants
    4. D.
      restaurants should provide the same food and drink as those at home
  5. 5.

    Which would be the best title for this text?

    1. A.
      Stop children drinking sugary drinks
    2. B.
      Drink water to eat more healthy
    3. C.
      Change eating habits to lose weight
    4. D.
      Eat healthy food at home

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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

To me, life without music would not be exciting. I realize that this is not true for everybody. Many people get along quite well without going to the concert, and listening to the record. But music plays an important part in everyone's life, whether he realizes it or not. Try to imagine, for example, what films or TV plays would be like without music. Would the feelings, the moving plot, and the greatest interests, be so exciting or dramatic? I'm not sure about it.
Now, we have been speaking of music in its more common meaning—the kind of music we hear in the concert hall. But if we look at some parts of music more closely, we discover them in our everyday life too—in the rhythm of the sea, the melody of a bird in the woods and so on. So music surely has meaning for everyone, in some way or other. And, of course, it has special meaning for those who have spent all their lives working on playing or writing music.
It is well said, “Through music a child enters into a world of beauty, expresses himself from his heart, feels the joy of doing things alone, learns to take care of others, develops his mind and makes his body strong.”

  1. 1.

    What dose the writer say more about in the text?

    1. A.
      Life full of music
    2. B.
      Life without music
    3. C.
      The importance of music
    4. D.
      The development of music
  2. 2.

    What does the underlined word “melody” mean in the text?

    1. A.
      flying
    2. B.
      looking
    3. C.
      singing
    4. D.
      living
  3. 3.

    From the last paragraph, we learn that music________

    1. A.
      is very important, especially for children
    2. B.
      is very necessary for our everyday life
    3. C.
      can make our life exciting and dramatic
    4. D.
      can enter into another beautiful world

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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Efforts to reduce the damage from the huge oil spill(漏油)in the Gulf of Mexico are under way . How can you help ?A number of organizations are recruiting(招聘)volunteers.
The Deep Water Horizon response team is looking for help in identifying shoreline and animals affected . Oiled wildlife should not be captured but instead reported at 1-866-557-1401. To report areas with oil ashore or to leave contact information to volunteers in the affected areas , call 1-866-448-5816.
The National Wildlife Federation is looking for volunteers and support to help spot distressed or oiled wildlife , and to assist in the cleanup and restoration efforts along the coast of Louisiana. You can text the word “NWF” to 20222. That’ss donate ＄10 to the National Wildlife Federation through your phone bill.
United Way has launched the Gulf Recovery Fund . which is providing emergency assistance and long-term recovery support for the communities affected by this oil spill . Those who need help or want to volunteer can dial 2-1-1.You can donate to this fund by going to liveunited . org/gulfrecovery.or text the word “United” to 50555 to donate ＄10 from your mobile phone.
The First Response Team of America is working with the National Guard in Southern Louisiana to build dams to hold back the oil from the fragile coastal habitats . Their founder , Tad Agoglia —who was named a CNN Hero in 2008—has made their work on the oil . spill their top Priority(首位)until the disaster is contained.They are looking for volunteers . Call 941-388-3010.
AmenCares is providing medical care and supplies to oilspill victims along the Gulf , and is funding and assisting mental health assessments and counseling needs for the immediate and long-term health and mental health issues affecting children as a result of this disaster . Mental health experts are in great demand . The Children’s Health Fund can be reached at 1-800-535-7418

  1. 1.

    If you see an oiled bird in the Gulf of Mexico . you are supposed to      

    1. A.
      catch it
    2. B.
      raise it at home
    3. C.
      call 1-866-557-1401
    4. D.
      shoot at it
  2. 2.

    If you text the word . “NWF”to 20222 with your cellphone , you will    

    1. A.
      donate＄10 to the Nationas Wildlife Federation
    2. B.
      get a free gift
    3. C.
      donate＄10 to United Way
    4. D.
      have a chance of winning a trip to France
  3. 3.

    Which of the following organizations are providing medical care?

    1. A.
      United Way and AmenCares
    2. B.
      The Deep Water Horizon and The National Wildlife Federation
    3. C.
      The National Wildlife Federation and The Children’s Health Fund
    4. D.
      AmeriCares and The Children’s Health Fund
  4. 4.

    We can infer that Tad Agoglia    

    1. A.
      is a person with the social responsibility
    2. B.
      is an engineer on dam –building
    3. C.
      is the founder of AmeriCares
    4. D.
      should be responsible for the oil spill
  5. 5.

    If you are good at treating mental health problems and willing to volunteer ,you can dial the telephone number    

    1. A.
      1-800-486-4357
    2. B.
      1-800-535-744
    3. C.
      1-866-448-5816
    4. D.
      941-388-3010

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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was about 5 o’clock in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to take my daughter from school. Our plan was to go swimming together. I had finished my work at 4 o’clock and then gone to the Post Office. Then I’d stopped off at a shop in order to get some fresh fruit. We like to have some fruit to eat after our swim.
I was driving along a high road on my way to my daughter’s school. Over my road was another road which was built like a bridge for cars coming to the other way. I was hungry so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. Then my car started to shake! I didn’t know what was happening. Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car. I drove a little more slowly and then I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the cars in front of me.
I found myself in the dark. I couldn’t move. The bottom parts of both of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them. All around me was quiet. But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I memorized (記起) what had happened. I had been in an earthquake.
For about two hours nobody came. Luckily I could reach the bag of apples, so at least I had plenty to eat. Then I heard people climbing towards me. A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken road. I called out. “I’m here!” I heard a shout. Soon a stranger climbed to the side of the road near my car. “How are you doing?” he asked.
“Not too bad,” I said, “but my feet and leg feel as if they’re broken.” “We’ll have you out of there just as soon as we can.” They didn’t get me out until the next morning. I had been in my car for fourteen hours

  1. 1.

    When the earthquake took place, the writer was ______

    1. A.
      on his way to the Post Office
    2. B.
      stopping off a shop
    3. C.
      doing some shopping
    4. D.
      under a road built like a bridge
  2. 2.

    The writer’s car began to move from side to side because ________

    1. A.
      there was something wrong with his car
    2. B.
      he ate apples as he drove
    3. C.
      an earthquake began to happen
    4. D.
      he drove too fast
  3. 3.

    Which is the following is TRUE according to the passage?

    1. A.
      When the earthquake happened, the writer was with his daughter together
    2. B.
      The writer’s leg and feet were badly wounded in the earthquake
    3. C.
      The writer was saved as soon as the stranger climbed up the road
    4. D.
      The writer was frightened that he forgot everything that happened around

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科目： 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

As a boy, Charles Robert Darwin collected anything that caught his interest: insects, coins and interesting stones. He was not very clever, but Darwin was good at doing the things that interested him.
His father was a doctor, so Darwin was sent to Edinburgh to study medicine, and was planned to follow a medical career. But Charles found the lectures boring. Then his father sent him to Cambridge University to study to be a priest. While at Cambridge, Darwin’s interest in zoology and geography grew. Later he got a letter from Robert FitzRoy who was planning to make a voyage around the world on a ship, the Beagle. He wanted a naturalist to join the ship, and Darwin was recommended(推薦). That voyage was the start of Darwin’s great life.
As the Beagle sailed around the world, Darwin began to wonder how life had developed on earth. He began to observe everything. After he was home, he set to work, getting his collection in order. His first great work The Zoology of the Beagle was well received, but he was slow to make public his ideas on the origin of life.
Later Darwin and Wallace, another naturalist who had the same opinions as Darwin, produced a paper together. Darwin’s great book, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (《物種起源》) appeared. It attracted a storm. People thought that Darwin was saying they were descended from monkeys. What a shameful idea! Although most scientists agreed that Darwin was right, the Church was still so strong that Darwin never received any honors for his work.
Afterwards, he published another great work, The Descent of Man. His health grew worse, but he still worked. “When I have to give up observation, I shall die,” he said. He was still working on 17, April, 1882. He was dead two days later

  1. 1.

    Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Charles Darwin’s ideas
    2. B.
      Charles Darwin’s works
    3. C.
      Father of modern biology: Charles Darwin
    4. D.
      The greatest scientist: Charles Darwin
  2. 2.

    Darwin’s father sent him to Edinburgh to _____

    1. A.
      make him like natural history
    2. B.
      make him become a doctor
    3. C.
      let him change his hobbies
    4. D.
      have him give up his collection
  3. 3.

    According to the passage, Charles Darwin’s whole life was changed by _____

    1. A.
      his study at Cambridge University
    2. B.
      his collection of coins
    3. C.
      the naturalists at Cambridge
    4. D.
      the voyage of the Beagle
  4. 4.

    We can learn from the passage that _____

    1. A.
      Darwin announced his ideas on the origin of life as soon as he finished his voyage
    2. B.
      Wallace agreed with Darwin’s opinions and wrote The Descent of Man with him
    3. C.
      Darwin wrote two great books and a paper during his lifetime
    4. D.
      churchmen were strongly against Darwin’s ideas at that time

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