It is a familiar scene these days: employees taking newly laid-off co-workers out for a drink for comfort. But which side deserves sympathy more, the jobless or the still employed? On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter.

Brendan Burchell, a Cambridge sociologist, presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe. The data suggest that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show similar levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed. Although a newly jobless person's mental health may“bottom out" after about six months, and then even begin to improve, the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job “just continues to get worse and worse", Burchell says.

Evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stress during times of insecurity because they sense an immediate but invisible threat. Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety,for example, while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from-even if the result is cancer. It's better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety. When the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight" response, which leads to damaging stress.

But not every employee in insecure industries has such a discouraging view,Burchell says. In general, women get on better. While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly questioned, women scored lower in stress on the GHQ 12, even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing. As Burchell explains, “For women, most studies show that any job-it doesn't matter

whether it is secure or insecure-gives psychological improvement over unemployment. " Burchell supposes that the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressure not only to be employed, but also to be the primary breadwinner, and that more of a man's self-worth depends on his job.

1.Why do researchers think the still employed deserve sympathy more?

A. They have to do more work since then.

B. They have no chance to find better jobs.

C. They have to work with inexperienced workers.

D. They constantly worry about losing their jobs.

2.What is most likely to cause a “fight or flight" response?

A. Not having a paid job.

B. Fierce competition for jobs.

C. Not knowing what will happen.

D. Pressure to work longer hours.

3.What will the writer talk about following the last paragraph?

A. Advice on preparing a job interview.

B. Advice to those in insecure industries.

C. Some knowledge of psychology.

D. Difference in men and women.

4. What could be the best title for the text?

A. Is it less stressful to get laid off than stay on?

B. Should greater sympathy be given to the jobless?

C. Do employees bear more stress than ever before?

D. Do men or women show higher levels of anxiety?

完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A.B.C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems .

The origin of the eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated（孕育）by .In China, the mother river is the Yellow River, the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture went overseas to Japan, into the Japanese society and the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it to the same system.

When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was on the Mesopotamian Plain（米索不達(dá)米亞平原） the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the of the European culture. the Chinese culture, the European one also waters. When the colonists of England in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't from the European one a lot.

At the same time, the of the language systems adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic（象形文字的） languages while the Western languages are based on the Latin system, for example, the one I'm using to write this paper.

Other factors like human race difference as well. However, the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom until recent centuries. they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other.

1.A. above all B. on the whole C. in all D. in no case

2.A. mountains B. plains C. lakes D. rivers

3.A. or B. for C. while D. when

4.A. developed B. improved C. created D. protected

5.A. suddenly B. quietly C. gradually D. naturally

6.A. mixed B. changed C. made D. forced

7.A. expanded B. interrupted C. ended D. shaped

8.A. comes B. belongs C. brings D. adds

9.A. brought up B. carried out C. given out D. picked up

10.A. result B. sign C. base D. content

11.A. Through B. Except C. With D. Like

12.A. affected B. spread C. crossed D. formed

13.A. joined up B. settled down C. broke down D. went up

14.A. come B. suffer C. result D. differ

15.A. distinction B. contact C. appearance D. feature

16.A. properly B. hardly C. simply D. mostly

17.A. last B. count C. reduce D. change

18.A. in terms of B. due to C. as to D. in case of

19.A. transform B. display C. communicate D. distinguish

20.A. Therefore B. Meanwhile C. Furthermore D. However

Assistant Professor, Musical Theatre Dance

Wichita State University seeks a full-time, 9-month assistant professor, beginning in August. Applicants are required to have a degree in dance area, teaching experience at a professional or college level, ability to direct and teach stage movement. The salary depends on qualifications and experience.

For complete information visit http://finearts.wichita.edu.

Full Professor in Theatre and Dance

The Department of Theatre & Dance at the University of California at San Diego (http://www-theatre.uscd.edu) is seeking an experienced theatre artist in lighting design. Applicants must work for us for at least one year. Significant professional experience is required. This position is expected to teach at both graduate and undergraduate levels.

A review of applications will start on June 1st. Application deadline: September 1st.

Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts

DeSales University’s Performing and Fine Arts Department seeks a highly skilled, professional technical director. The position is a 10-month staff position with the possibility of summer employment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. Professional experience is required; MFA is preferred.

Please email materials to john.bell@desales.edu. Screening of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled.

Assistant Director— Media Resources Center

Maryland Institute College of Art is seeking an Assistant Director of Media Resources Center in the Academic Affairs Division.

Qualifications for the position include a degree in Art History or related fields with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent interpersonal and communication skills and familiarity with photoshop and scanning.

A review of applications will begin immediately; job announcements will remain open until the position is filled. Applicants are required to work for us at least 11 months. They can send emails to jobs@mica.edu. The salary differs depending on your experience. Please include your desired salary in your application letter.

1.What ad may an applicant pay close attention to if he/she has 9.5-month free time?

A. Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts.

B. Assistant Director— Media Resources Center.

C. Assistant Professor, Musical Theatre Dance.

D. Full Professor in Theatre and Dance.

2.Which can you apply to if you have excellent interpersonal and communication skills?

A. Maryland Institute College of Art.

B. The University of California.

C. DeSales University.

D. Wichita State University.

3.What can we learn from the advertisements?

A. All the job announcements will remain open until the positions are filled.

B. All the reviews of applications will begin immediately.

C. All the jobs mentioned above promise a good salary.

D. All the jobs mentioned in the text require experience.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

1. This was not because the woods and fields were always far away, but because they were too far from the city to permit people to make a day trip between morning and nightfall.

2. He decided to turn his little school into a dormitory for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there. 3. This was the first hostel (招待所).

Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other. When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country. 4.

Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or world will happen to meet at the same hostel. They may put their food together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes. Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period. 5. For this reason, a few weeks spent “hostelling” can be just as useful a part of one’s education as classes in school.

A. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby.

B. People can stay in the hostel if they brought enough equipment with them.

C. For years, children in the industrial areas of Europe seldom left their cities to see the beauties of the countryside.

D. This card will permit them to stay in a hostel all over the world for very low prices.

E. In 1970, a young German school master had an idea which changed this situation.

F. One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places

G. More and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays.

書(shū)面表達(dá)

假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Tom喜愛(ài)中國(guó)文化，你想邀請(qǐng)他除夕（New Year’s Eve）來(lái)中國(guó)過(guò)春節(jié)，感受中國(guó)文化。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給Tom寫一封電子郵件：

1. 問(wèn)候Tom并發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)；

2. 活動(dòng)安排：包水餃，看演出，賞燈（lantern）等.

注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

In 2012, the Tower of London welcomed two new inhabitants: a pair of ravens(烏鴉) named Jubilee and Grip． Their arrival celebrated the bicentenary(二百周年) of Charles Dickens’s birth． This Grip was the third of the Tower ravens to be named after the novelist’s own pet bird．One of his predecessors（前輩） was resident during World War Two; he and his mate Mabel were the only ravens to survive a bombing attack on the Tower．

Dickens’s Grip, who had an impressive vocabulary, appears as a character in the author’s fifth novel, Barnaby Rudge． On 28 January 1841, Dickens wrote to his friend George Cattermole: “my notion is to have [Barnaby] always in company with a pet raven, who is immeasurably more knowing than himself． To this end I have been studying my bird, and think I could make a very distinctive character of him．”

Unfortunately, just a few weeks after Dickens wrote that letter, Grip died, probably as a result of having stolen and eaten paint some months earlier． The bird had developed a strange habit – tearing sections off painted surfaces (including the family's carriage) and even drinking a quantity of white paint out of a tin． Dickens mourned his loss and wrote a humorous letter to his friend, the illustrator Daniel Maclise, about the raven’s death．

He related how, when Grip began to show signs of sickness, the vet was called and “administered a powerful dose of castor(蓖麻) oil”． Initially this seemed to have a positive effect and the author was thrilled to see Grip restored to his usual personality when he bit the coachman (who was used to the raven and took it in good humor)． The following morning, Grip was able to eat “some warm porridge”, but his recovery was short lived．

As Dickens wrote to Maclise, “On the clock striking twelve he appeared slightly upset, but soon recovered, walking twice or thrice along the coach-house, stopped to bark, exclaimed ‘Hello old girl’ (his favorite expression) and died．He behaved throughout with a decent manner, which cannot be too much admired．The children seem rather glad of it． He bit their ankles． But that was play．”

1.Which of the following is right about Dickens’s pet Grip?

A． he liked painting a lot．

B． he could speak English fluently．

C． he was quite ill before his death．

D． he and Mabel survived a bombing attack．

2.Why did Dickens study his bird Grip?

A． Because the bird was very strange looking．

B． Because Dickens liked the bird immeasurably．

C． Because Barnaby needs a companion who was always with him．

D． Because Dickens wanted to base one character of his novel on him．

3.What caused the death of Dickens’s Grip?

A． His old age．

B． His strange diet．

C． The killing of the coachman．

D． His bad habit of biting people．

4.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A． A bird in a novel．

B． The writer’s bird．

C． The death of a bird．

D． Dickens and his bird

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

The monsoon（季雨） is a joyful and very important time for Indian agricultural workers． It has been less happy for the tourist trade,1.the number of visitors in this season tends 2. (drop) by half．3. there has been a movement to increase tourism during this4.(normal) slow time of the year．

According to a report issued by an Indian industry group, appropriate destinations for the monsoon season must remain5.(access) by road during the wettest months and have a countryside that looks6. its best during the rains．

For the last few years, tourist agencies in various states7.(respond) to the challenge． Goa, the former Portuguese colony near Mumbai, and Kerala in the extreme south have begun offering “monsoon packages”． They say there are many reasons in addition to the off-season prices to visit their states during this time of the year． One is to see the lush, green landscapes．8.attractions are the many colorful festivals． For example, Sri Jagannath Yatra, a festival 9.(hold) around the country at the beginning of the monsoon, features a colorful procession． A third is simply the joy of the season．10.one Kerala promoter says, “You can feel the magiC．The washed streets and fresh leaves seem to smile with you．”

Health experts believe that even a little exercise is far better than _____at all．

A． none B． nothing

C． no one D． anything

The CCTV show Chinese Characters Dictation Competition has taken the country by storm, which is partly designed to arouse people’s _______ in the Chinese language．

A． response B． enthusiasm

C． significance D． consequence

— Why didn’t you watch the program “Where are we going, Dad?”?

— It was because something was wrong with the web TV _______ too many users were receiving it．

A． which B． that

C． through that D． through which