Cotton farmers in some Indian villages are busily buying Coca Cola and Pepsi, believing that the sugar in the fizzy (有泡沫的) drinks kills pests.

Farmers say scientists advised them to mix pesticides with a sugary juice to control pests, and they found the mixture cheaper and more effective than pure chemicals — although soft drink makers and scientists dismissed the remarks. N. Hamunayya, who has become a famous person in his village in the southeastern state of Andhra Pradesh, said his crop survived an attack of pests which had resisted other pesticides. “We found that all the colas had uniform effect on pests. The pests became dead and fell to the ground，” he said. He said the drinks had all the elements they needed: they were cheaper, sticky, fizzy, and attracted ants, which ate the young of the pests. But Thinupathi Reddy, assistant director of the Regional Agri Research Station, Guntur, says tests had proved such results wrong. “We conducted some field trials on cotton crop at our research station. There was no obvious productivity or destruction of pests，” he says.

Statements from Pepsi and Coca Cola said there was “no scientific basis” for this_practice. But their dealers are enjoying increasing sales. Mantan Wall, who sells soft drinks in 17 villages in the region, said sales rose up, thanks to the farmers. “For the 10 days between August and September I had successful business. Instead of just 30 cases (each containing a dozen one litre bottles) of cola, I started selling almost 200 cases，” he said. “We expected the sales to drop after the news over pesticide residues (殘留) in the cola drinks. Now I have to keep extra supply for the cotton farmers，” he said.

In February, an Indian environment group made a report saying drinks made by Coca Cola and Pepsi contained pesticides and called for tougher safety standards. The US firms strongly rejected the findings of the New Delhibased Centre for Science and Environment and said their products were safe.

【1】Some Indian farmers think the drinks can kill pests because ________.

A.there is some pesticide left in them

B.they are sticky and fizzy

C.they have elements that kill pests

D.they made the pesticide more effective

【2】The underlined part “this practice” in Para. 3 probably refers to “________”.

A.testing the mixture

B.selling more drinks in India

C.mixing the drinks with the pesticide

D.attracting ants to eat the young pests

【3】The drink makers would not accept the fact that their drinks could kill pests because they ________.

A.thought it went against science

B.believed that the farmers didn't tell the truth

C.might fear that it could bring harm to their business

D.insisted that no poison was left in their products

【4】The writer's purpose of writing this passage is to ________.

A.tell an interesting incident

B.warn people that some drinks might be dangerous to health

C.suggest using Coca Cola to kill pests

D.announce a new discovery of Coca Cola

Change leads to opportunities. You will realize that each change in your life is actually an invitation to new opportunities. Remember every new opportunity has its own benefits.【2】 However, it is always advisable to consider the benefits that those new opportunities will bring. If you accept changes in your life, you will benefit from each new opportunity.

【3】 If you are used to doing the same thing over and over again, you may get bored, and lose the interest in your life. Change ensures that your experiences differ from day to day, month to month. Remember that the world is always in a continuous motion.【4】 These make life exciting.

Change means progress. If you look back to your life ten years ago, you were very different from what you are today. 【5】 This is called progress. And these growth experiences are the reason why you should appreciate changes in your life.

There, we should take advantage of change and make it work for us in positive ways.

A. Luckily, change is important in our lives.

B. Technologies, trends, and politics keep on changing.

C. Change is one thing that makes our lives interesting.

D. You may reject these opportunities, whenever they come.

E. Those who cannot change their minds cannot change anything.

F. You have the power to make every day a good day by accepting changes.

G. There are many things that have happened in your life, which helped you grow.

【1】In fact, apart ______ the hair he looked totally unchanged.

【2】The poor baby was left outside ______ the mercy of the storm.

【3】On my way home I was surrounded by some people begging ______ food.

【4】I came _______ my childhood friend unexpectedly while I was on a visit on business in France last summer.

【5】The note pinned on the door reminded me ______ a game played in the childhood.

【6】No sooner had I heard the knock ______ I opened the door.

【7】______ you respect other people’s religions, conflicts may occur.

【8】It was requested that there ______ be more tables in the dining hall.

【9】______ did this will sooner or later be caught and punished.

【10】Nobody can believe that it was in the small village ______ I was born.

【1】屬于______________

【2】回報______________

【3】拆開______________

【4】陷入______________

【5】故意______________

【6】think highly of______________

【7】prove sth. to sb.______________

【8】rather than ______________

【9】in evidence______________

【10】in search of______________

【1】John immediately felt __________(refresh) after a cold shower.

【2】Having a large vocabulary is of great __________(important) for middle school students.

【3】Pencils need to __________(sharp) before being used.

【4】The __________(vary) weather in London often makes the tourists awkward.

【5】__________(drag) a big bag of waste iron, he headed to the waste recycling station.

Parties and social gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.

At parties, more people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent International Data Corporation study, well over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too many people in society are using smartphones while driving and as a result, they get into car crashes. 34 percent of teenagers admit to texting while driving, and they confirm that text messaging is their number one driving interruption. People's attachment to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.

Just as drivers dismiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly check or send text messages in the presence of a friend, which sends a message to that friend: the person I am texting is more important than you. In addition, relying on our smartphones to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friendships in the real world. Facetoface conversations will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run.

As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The quality of this technology is preventing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact (交流) facetoface, but it is also lowering society's ability to communicate.

【1】The purpose of this text is to ________.

A.call for an end to use the smartphone while driving

B.appeal to us to pay attention to communication skills

C.express a concern about the overuse of the smartphone

D.advise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone

【2】The second paragraph is developed by ________.

A.giving examples B.listing figures

C.comparing facts D.analyzing the effects

【3】The author advocates us to make new friends ________.

A.by using smartphones

B.in a facetoface way

C.in different ways

D.under a free circumstance

【4】Overdependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that ________.

A.parties and gatherings limit their social circle

B.people are more and more narrowminded

C.people's communication skills are weakened

D.facetoface communication becomes less important

I remember the first time I 【3】 (drive) a car in traffic after getting my driver’s license. I was very nervous in that heavy traffic--- my driving style showed that I wasn’t a very confident driver. Now I’m much more 【4】 (experience) as a driver. 【5】 I still don’t consider myself a perfect one, I’m much more confident behind the wheel than what I was 【6】 I started.

In general, 【7】 is useless working hard for doing something perfectly when you do it for the first time. You are setting the bar so high that you just feel bad when you are 【8】 (able) to meet the level you have set.

Also, perfection is just another way 【9】 (delay), so trying to be perfect is just 【10】 waste of time. You should work hard for excellence instead.

【1】He won the election because he got most vote.

【2】He fell in love with that girl for the first time he saw her .

【3】Our family was removed there in 1980.

【4】The factory which his father works is in the west of the city.

【5】Which I expected, he didn't believe me.

【6】I doubt that the new one will be better.

【7】He never think much of her ideas.

【8】I bought him a drink in return his help.

【9】I had to asked one of the local which way to go.

【10】My bike is broken, I will have it repairing.

Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says.Beehives (蜂窩) — either recorded or real — may even prevent elephants from damaging farmers' crops.

In 2002, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops.But before she asked farmers to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.

Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder.Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life.Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down.Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family.

From a distance, Lucy switched on the prerecorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera.Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds.Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees.Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them.When Lucy played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed.Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.

Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times.She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers.She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.

【1】We know from the passage that elephants may be frightened of ________.

A.loud noises B.some crops

C.video cameras D.angry bees

【2】Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive?

A.To record the sound of bees.

B.To make a video of elephants.

C.To see if elephants would run away.

D.To find out more about the behavior of bees.

【3】As mentioned in the passage, Lucy________.

A.works by herself in Africa

B.needs to test more elephant groups

C.has stopped elephants eating crops

D.has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms.

【4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Young elephants ignore African honeybees.

B.Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.

C.Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.

D.Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.

Contrary to popular belief, looking at someone's face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are roaring in celebration or screaming in frustration, researchers claimed.While people may believe they have the ability to read each other's faces, body language is the real clue that shows whether strong emotions someone is feeling are positive or negative.

In a study, groups of participants were shown a series of facial expressions such as tennis players photographed just after winning or losing a point.

In some cases the volunteers were able to see the player's full body, but in others they were only shown either their face or their body with the other removed.

Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were shown the full picture or just the body, but their guesses were no better than chance when based on the face alone.

Those who were allowed to see the full image were convinced they had made their judgment based on the players' facial expressions even though results from the two other groups suggested otherwise.

The researchers carried out a second study where participants were shown a wider range of faces showing emotions including joy, pleasure, victory, pain and defeat.

Using photoediting software, the researchers attached the faces to bodies expressing the opposite emotion, and asked participants to act out the emotions they saw in the photos.

The resulting poses were like the body poses in the photographs but not the facial expressions, demonstrating that people base their interpretation of strong emotions not on the face but the body.

Dr Aviezer, who led the study, said, “These results show that when emotions become extremely intense, the difference between positive and negative facial expressions becomes unclear.The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations.For example, individuals may fail to recognize facial expressions, but if they are trained to process important body language, their performance may significantly improve.”

【1】People tend to believe that ________.

A.someone's body language has an effect on their feelings

B.reading someone's face alone cannot tell their feelings

C.someone's body language is the only clue to their feelings

D.someone's feelings can be read by their facial expressions

【2】What do we know about the first study?

A.The participants were divided into four groups.

B.All participants were given the same pictures to see.

C.It proved that emotions influence people's body language.

D.Participants could tell the players' feelings when seeing the full picture.

【3】What did Dr Aviezer think of the results of the study?

A.Ridiculous. B.Useless.

C.Unrealistic. D.Helpful.

【4】Which of the following can summarize the main idea of the passage?

A.Body rather than eyes is the window of the soul.

B.Facial expressions can reflect the emotions clearly.

C.Researchers link emotions to body language through software.

D.Two studies focus on the link between body language and emotions.