Doctors'  moonlighting is becoming popular in hospitals around China. It has not only raised a lot of
heated discussions in the media, but also has caught the attention of the central government in Beijing.
     On December 26, a spokesman of the Ministry of Health stressed that the ministry was firmly against
doctors' moonlighting, while strict regulations should be applied to doctors taking parttime jobs, the Xinhua News Agency reported.
    Last year, the Ministry of Health sent out a notice to a variety of health organizations to speed up the
reform of their personnel systems. According to the notice, medical organizations can hire medical experts as parttime doctors, but such activities should take place under the hospital's management and regulations.
     As for moonlighting-meaning that a doctor provides medical service without the permission of the
original hospital-such activities go against the Law on Practicing Doctors of the People's Republic of
China, the Xinhua News Agency reported.
     In China, doctors used to be controlled by hospitals and they could work for only one hospital.
However, as China's medical personnel system reform developed, it has been recognized that medical
human resources, just like human resources in other areas, should be shared by the whole society. But on
the other hand, doctors' taking parttime jobs should follow the relative regulations applied in the medical
field.
     First of all, they should follow relative government laws and regulations. They should also follow the
rules and regulations set by the medical organizations they work for. In addition, they should pay taxes for
their income from the parttime jobs. What matters most is that they should first finish their regular jobs as
required and be responsible for patients to ensure qualified and safe medical treatment.

1. What is the greatest difference between moonlighting and taking parttime jobs?

A. Doctors can earn more money by moonlighting than by taking parttime jobs.
B. Doctors pay fewer taxes for the money made by moonlighting than by taking parttime jobs.
C. Taking parttime jobs is permitted by hospitals while moonlighting is against the present regulations.
D. Doctors' parttime jobs, instead of moonlighting, are encouraged by health organizations

2. From this passage we know that doctors are allowed to ________ nowadays.

A. only work for one hospital            
B. work for more than one hospital
C. work any time when they are free                
D. be out of control of hospitals

3. The passage is taken most probably from ________.

A. a notice sent out by the Ministry of Health
B. regulations made by health organizations
C. the Law on Practicing Doctors of the People's Republic of China
D. a magazine or a newspaper

4. According to the passage, we have got to know that ________.

A. all doctors around China prefer moonlighting to parttime jobs
B. moonlighting has been permitted by the Law on Practicing Doctors of the People's Republic of China
C. taxes should be paid for the money doctors get from their parttime jobs
D. strict management policies have been adopted to direct the moonlighting

    The Internet has become part of teenagers' life.
    A news report on 3,375 students aged from 10 to 18 in seven Chinese cities found
that 38 per cent of them believe they use the Internet often.
    While most of them get useful information and use the Internet to help in their
studies, some are not using it in a good way. Many are playing online games too much.
A few even visit Web sites they should not look at. A middle school teacher from Beijing
warns that bad things can happen if young people spend too much time on the Internet.
She had a student who used to be good at school. But then he started visiting sex Web
sites. He went mad, cheated a girl and was taken away by the police.
    In order to help young people use the Internet in a good way, a textbook on good
Internet behavior has started to be used in some Shanghai middle schools this term. The
book uses real examples to teach students all about good ways of using the Internet. The
book gives useful advice such as it's good to read news or find helpful information to
study.
    Some students also make online friends. But if you are meeting a friend offline, make
sure your parents know. Teachers and parents all think the book is a very good idea.
This teacher said the book will be a guide for teens using the Internet. She believes it will
keep students away from bad sites. "Many students are using the Internet without guidance
from their parents," she said. "The book will teach students how to be a good person in
the online world."

1. The third paragraph mainly tells us that ______.

A. some students are not using the Internet correctly
B. all students in Beijing use the Internet to help their school work
C. a teacher in Beijing is worried about her students
D. some students visit sex Web sites

2. The textbook mainly tells us ______.

A. why we should use the Internet
B. not to visit sex Web sites
C. how to use the Internet correctly
D. how to get help from others

3. The writer advises the readers to ______.

A. let their parents know before visiting their online friends
B. not to make friends on line
C. read the textbook carefully
D. only read news on the Internet

4. From this passage we know that ______.

A. more and more students have given up visiting bad Web sites
B. schools and teacher begin to pay attention to students' use of the Internet
C. no more homework will be given in Shanghai
D. less and less information can be found on line

     Within a few years, girls in Europe have become heavier smokers than boys, for reasons that experts
still don't understand, according to a British study presented (遞交) last week to an international conference
(大會) on smoking.
     Anti-smoking activists at the second "Tobacco or Health" conference pointed out that although adults
were giving up smoking in growing numbers, more and more young people were taking up the habit,
particularly girls.
     One-fourth of the 15-year-old young people smoke regularly, according to the study made in 27 countries
by Edinburgh University together with the World Health Organization.
     In Western Europe, girls were more likely to smoke than boys. In Germany or in England, one third of
the girls were smokers compared to (相比) one in four boys. In Eastern Europe, the girls "still fall behind"
those in the Western Europe but were "catching up" quickly, said the study.
     The study dealt with the behavior of 15-year-old in seven European countries between 1986 and 1998.
     The percentages (百分比) of young women smoking went from 17% to 36% in Austria, from 17% to
28% in Norway, from 21% to 28% in Hungary.
     In the seven countries and regions studied-Austria, Finland, Hungary, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and
Wales-more girls smoked than boys, with the exception (例外) of Hungary.

1. According to the article, more and more _____ in Europe were giving up smoking.

A. adults
B. boys
C. girls
D. old men

2. The number of boy smokers is _____ that of girl smokers.

A. larger than
B. as large as
C. smaller than
D. as small as

3. The study was made by _____.

A. Edinburgh University
B. the World Health Organization
C. "Tobacco or Health" conference
D. Edinburgh University and the World Health Organization

4. The country where the number of young women smokers increases fastest is _____.

A. Norway
B. Austria
C. Hungary
D. Sweden

5. The main idea of the passage is to _____.

A. introduce something about girl smokers in Europe
B. report something interesting happened in England
C. describe the present condition of European smokers
D. warn young people around the world against smoking

     "In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight."
     "Two full inches in the first three days!"
      These are the kinds of statements used in magazine,newspaper,radio and television ads,
promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device.The
promoters of products say they can shape the legs,slim the face,smooth wrinkles,or in some
other way to add to beauty or desirability.
      Often such products are nothing more than moneymaking things for their promoters.The
results they produce are questionable,and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public,it is necessary to
understand something of the laws covering their regulation.If the product is a drug,FDA
(Food and Drug Administration)can require proof under the Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act
that is safe and effective before it is put on the market.But if the product is a device,FDA
has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness.If a product already
on the market is a danger to health,FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it
from the market voluntarily,or it can take legal action,including seizure(查封)of the product.
     One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor,which
had been sold for reducing the waistline.The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body
through contact pads.FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device
on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.
     Obviously,most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings
(法律訴訟),and new devices appear continually.Before buying,it is up to the consumer to judge
the safety or effectiveness of such items.

1．It can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are________.

A．objective  
B．costly
C．unreliable  
D．illegal

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.
B．New products are more likely to be questionable.
C．The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
D．The promoters usually just care about profits.

3．FDA can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product________.

A．if it is a drug
B．if it is a device
C．if its consumers make complaints
D．if its distributors challenge FDA's authority

4．The Relaxacisor is mentioned as________.

A．a(chǎn) product which was designed to produce electricity
B．a(chǎn) product whose distributor was involved in a legal case
C．a(chǎn) successful advertisement of a beauty product
D．a(chǎn)n example of a quality beauty product

5．The author intends to________.

A．make consumers aware of the promoters' false promises
B．show the weakness of the law on product safety
C．give advice on how to keep young and beautiful
D．introduce the organization of FDA

    I received pictures of my daughter floating (漂浮) on a lake in California. Right there under the sun during
the hottest time of the day, she has only her swimsuit to cover her.
    When I showed it to my students, it was as if I had shown them scenes from a horror (恐怖) movie.
    "But she will get dark," they said. 
    "That's what she wants," I told them. "We think darker skin (膚色) is beautiful."
     They looked at me in disbelief. It was as if I came from the moon.
     For years, American girls spend their summer trying to get as tanned (曬黑) as possible. In China, on the
other hand, girls use umbrellas all year round.
     What in the world is going on?
     The pale skin we think looks unattractive (不漂亮) is what Asian women want. Both groups want to meet
their culture's standard (標準) of beauty.
     In the US, if you can afford to go on vacation in the summer, you head for a river, a lake or a beach,
where you try to get as much sun as possible. If you are rich you take a winter vacation in some sunny spot.
Your winter tan shows your wealth.
     In China, once upon a time, the few wealthy were the ones who didn't have to work out in the hot sun. So
the whiter the skin, the richer the woman. The folk opera performers who play these ladies wore lots of white
makeup (妝容). The tradition survives to this day.
     So it comes naturally that none of my students wishes to follow the Western ways in this regard.
     But now I am noticing that a new business-the tanning booth (美黑店)-started up in China. I admire those
brave enough to define (給…下定義) their own idea of beauty, but I do wonder what their grandmothers
would have to say to them about it!

1. The students were shocked at the picture the writer showed them because _____.

A. they thought it shameful for a girl only to wear a swimsuit
B. the writer's daughter was wearing very little while out in the sun
C. it is dangerous for a girl to be out on a lake alone
D. with the powerful sunlight the writer's daughter would have got a suntan

2. According to the article, which kind of woman meets the American standard of beauty?

A. Women with blond hair.
B. Women with a slim figure.
C. Women with tanned skin.
D. Women with pale skin.

3. In the US a winter tan usually means the person _____.

A. is hard-working
B. doesn't have to work
C. has a lot of money and spare time
D. is from a very poor family

4. The writer _____ the tanning booth started up in China.

A. is not interested in
B. doesn't understand
C. doesn't like
D. has mixed feelings about

       When six the very best students from different cities in Guangdong Province all together
chose universities in Hong Kong; when the very best student of Beijing picked up HK
University while giving up the nearby Pe king or Tsinghua University; when the highest enroll
ment(錄取) rate of Hong Kong Science and Industry University reached 48: 1 ,it's the high
time to ask where the real education heaven for students in China is.
       Years ago,the answer certainly would be"Peking or Tsinghua University". But now no one
could give the exact reaction without hesitation. The only sure thing is that HK universities have
gradually showed an unusual attraction to a great many mainland students.
        It's no doubt to call this HK craze(狂熱) ,which is even out of the expectation of those
HK universities themselves.
       How can HK universities shake the steady founda tions of Peking and Tsinghua and attract
so many mainland students?
       First, Hong Kong universities offer large amount scholarship,especially for the top students
who can receive the sum scholarship as much as 400 000 HK dollars. Since higher education
has become a kind of heavy burden of many families,it's easy to understand why the reaction to
the generous offering of HK universities is great.
       Second, most HK universities receive professors and students from all over the world and
carry out bilingual(雙語的)  education. This kind of excellent language atmosphere is an other
attraction for mainland students.
      Further more,university students in Hong Kong have a better chance to study abroad as
exchange  students.
      Can mainland top universities like Peking or Tsinghua University be calm as before when
facing the unexpected competition from HK? Will they take relevant measures to win back the
top students who once help them set the worldwide reputation? Time will explain it.
    The fierce competition brought by HK universities can be a good thing for an entire improvement
of education in Cluna.After the awakerung and action taking of main-
land universities,they can perform better together with HK universities.
      At least,it reminded the mainland universities the tuition fees (學費)  are among students' top
concem when they are choosing universities. It's time to move.

1. What is the passage mainly talking about? 

A. Some thought brought by the enrollment of HK umversities.
B. Higher education in Hong Kong.
C.The competition between HK University and Peking University.
D. The fatal of mainland universities.

2.Top students from mainland apply for HK universities because              .     

A. many students now would love to study aboard to get a better experience
B. they concern only about the tuition fees when choosing universities
C. HK universities offer higher scholarship, better environment and more opportunities for their further
study
D. Peking university has lost its worldwide reputation.

3. What is the author's attitude toward the competition brought by HK universities?      

A. The govemment should take relevant measures to stop this unfair competition.
B. Mainland universities had better tower their tuition fees and win back the top students.
C. Universities both in mainland and in HK would get an entire improvement during the competition.
D.lt may probably cause a complete loss to both sides in the end.

4. From the passage we can see HK universities                 .

A. didn't mean to enroll top students from mainland
B. didn't expect their enrollment of mainland students would be so popular
C. have strict enrollment rules and only l out of 48 students can get the chance to study there
D. are proud of their teaching staff and facilities

5. What does the author mean by saying "It's time to move" in the last paragraph?  

A. Mainland universities should take measures as soon as possible to attract students.
B. The opportunities come for top students to study abroad.
C. Mainland universities should make full preparations to challenge HK universities.
D. Top students should be offered further education free of charge.

     In Britain, in a population of 60 million, there are 13 million grandparents, many of whom live alone a
long way from their grandchildren.The loneliness of these older people has become an issue that schools
are trying to teach children about .
     On a popular teacher's website, there is a classroom activity to help make children aware of the
implications of the different generations of the same family living far from each other. It's a story about Mrs. Eiderdown, an elderly lady whose grandchildren have moved to Australia with their parents. She lives
alone and rarely sees her family .
     First of all, the children speculate about Mrs. Eiderdown's life.  What does she have for breakfast ?
what does she do all day ?how does she feel about her life ?
     One day, Mrs. Eiderdown decides that she wants a pet to keep her company and puts an
advertisement in a local shop window. Then she waits at home to see if anyone will answer her
advertisement .
     A tall thin man rings her doorbell. he is holding a cardboard box. Mrs. Eiderdown chats with the man
for ten minutes before she realizes that she hasn't looked in-side the box to see what the pet is. She can hear a his-sing sound. The children guess what is in the box(a snake). Mrs. Eiderdown thanks the man but
says she doesn't think the snake is a good idea .
     The next time the doorbell rings, there's a lady on the doorstep, also carrying a cardboard box.In the
bottom of the box, Mrs. Eiderdown sees something black and hairy with eight legs. Again ,the children say what they  think it is (a spider). Mrs. Eiderdown thanks the lady for her kindness but says that a spider is
not the sort of pet she has in mind.
At last, the little girl next door brings her a dog .Mrs. Eiderdown's life improves a lot because of the dog.
more importantly, of course, the little girl, whose own granny lives a long way away, starts to visit
Mrs.Eiderdown more often. This interactive classroom idea has led to a greater awareness among children about the possible loneliness of older people who live quite near them .

1.what's the main idea of the passage?

A.children get to know about the trouble of the elderly
B. neighbors help select pets for Mrs. Eiderdown
C. society helps the lonely people in the UK
D. school send pets to the lonely elderly

2.what does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean ?

A. they talk about how she feels about being old
B. they try to experience her loneliness
C. they try to imagine how she lives
D. they write about her life story

3.  what can we infer from the passage ?

A. the little girl often visits her own granny
B. the people who offer pets are lady's neighbors
C. the farther the elderly live ,the lonelier they feel
D. the little girl begins to care more about Mrs. Eiderdown

     If women are mercilessly exploited(剝削) year after year, they have only themselves to blame.
Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they
are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores．Clothes which have been worn
only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion．
     Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste．Many women spend
large sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn．Women who cannot
afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time changing their old-fashioned
dresses．Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on．
     No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion
designers are rarely concerned with necessary things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用)．
They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will
put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right．There can hardly be a man who
hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day,
or picking her way through deep snow in high heeled shoes．
     When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious．Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of
inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers．
Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to
decide．

1．Designers and big stores always make money_________．

A．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
B．because they are capable of predicting new fashions
C．by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing
D．because they attach great importance to quality in women's clothing

2．To the writer, the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seen as ___________．

A．a(chǎn) waste of money
B．a(chǎn) waste of time
C．a(chǎn)n expression of taste  
D．a(chǎn)n expression of creativity

3．New fashions in clothing are created for ___________．

A．the commercial exploitation of women        
B．the women's strength of character
C．basic qualities of inconstancy and instability    
D．a(chǎn)n important contribution to society

4．By saying "the conclusions to be drawn are obvious" ( Line One to Line Two, Paragraph Four), the
writer means that ___________．

A．women's inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at
B．women are better able to put up with discomfort
C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers
D．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion

     If I could select a word that best describes the majority of American parents, that word
would be guilt-ridden (內疚的). How sad it is to see parents become the willing victims
of the "give me game", only to discover that, no matter what they do, it isn't enough. In the
end, they are looked down for their lack of firmness and blamed when their spoiled children
get into trouble. With this in mind, I shall first answer this question: "What do parents owe
their children? And I shall start with what they don't owe them.
     Parents don't owe their children every minute of their day and every ounce of their energy.
They don't owe round-the-clock car service, singing lessons, tennis lessons, an expensive car
when they reach sixteen, or a trip to Europe when they graduate.
     I take the firm position that parents do not owe their children a college education. If they
can afford it, fine. But they must not feel guilty if they can't. If the children really want to go,
they' II find a way. Here are plenty of loans and scholarships for the bright and eager who
can't afford to pay.
     After children marry, their parents do not owe them a house or money for the furniture.
They do not have an obligation to baby-sit their grandchildren when the parents were on
vacation. If they want to do it, it must be considered a favour, not an obligation.
     In my opinion, parents do not owe their children an inheritance, no matter how much
money they have. One of the surest ways to produce a loafer is to let children know that
their future is assured.
     Do parents owe their children anything? Yes, they owe them a great deal.
     One of their chief obligations is to give their children a sense of personal worth, for
self-esteem is the basis of a good mental health. Parents owe their children firm guidance
and consistent discipline. Parents owe their children privacy and respect for their personal
belongings.
     No child asks to be born. If you bring a life into the world, you owe the children something.
And if you give him his due, he'll have something of value to pass along to your grandchildren.