語法填空
閱讀下面短文,  按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求,  在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空.
      Nowhere are manners more important than at the table.When the Chinese ask their guests to dinner,
even though there are excellent dishes on the table, (1)________ host is  (2)________ (like) to say
something like "There are no special dishes tonight.Please help  yourselves." The praises of the dishes 
 (3)________ (leave) to the guest.But this is different in the West.If  (4)________ (ask) a guest to eat at
his home, the host may say, "This is the  (5)________ (good) dish my wife cooks." The seats are
arranged in a different way.The hostess or host sits at the head of the table  (6)________ the main guest
on his right, the second guests on his left.There are some  (7)________ (different) in offering wine and
cigarettes.(8)________ a Chinese host gives a toast, he usually says "Bottoms up" and drinks up all the
wine in the cup.He wants the guests to do the same.But in the West  (9)________ is up to the guests to
decide how much they drink.Usually the host just leaves the cigarettes on the table, instead of offering
  (10)________ to his (her) guests one after another.

語法填空
   There are two sets of Games-the Winter and the Summer Olympics, and 1__________ are held every
four years on a regular basis. The Winter Olympics are usually held two year 2________ the Summer
Games. Only athletes 3______________ have reached the agreed standard for their event
4(admit)________________ as competitors. They may come from 5___________ in the world.
     There are no running races 6___________ horse riding events. 7______________ there are
competitions like skiing and ice skating 8______________ need snow and ice. That's 9_________
they're called the Winter Olympics. It's in the Summer Olympics 10____________you have the running
races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.

閱讀理解
     The literal meaning of philosophy is "love of wisdom". But this meaning does not tell us very much.
Unlike the other disciplines, philosophy cannot be defined by what you study, because it is actually
unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature,
mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason
you get a Doctorate(博士學(xué)位)of Philosophy (Ph. D. ) in biochemistry, or computer science, or
psychology
     Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of
argument and critical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning. The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and periods in the development of
philosophy.  
     Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for
understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline,
and its relation to other disciplines. And through the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of
research and analysis that can be applied to any field.
     There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one's ability to solve problems, to
communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important from a
large quantity of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for
obtaining one's first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management  and leadership later on. It is very short-sighted after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of
getting one's first job. The useful skills developed through the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict
1. What's the meaning of philosophy according to the passage?
A. social sciences              
B. both social and natural sciences  
C. natural sciences           
D. the subject matter of politics
2. What does "discipline" mean in the first paragraph?
A. literature
B. science
C. subject
D. occupation
3. With the study of philosophy, you can        .
A. make progress in your career development    
B. succeed in everything
C. find a good job soon after graduation        
D. become a great leader 
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Philosophy is an independent discipline.
B. The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.
C. Logic helps you to become a better thinker.
D. The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.
5. From the passage, we can conclude        .
A. not all the subjects have to do with philosophy
B. philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects
C. a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophy
D. philosophy is the only solution to all the problems in the world

閱讀理解

閱讀理解

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閱讀理解。

閱讀理解
     George Stephenson's father was a stoker(司爐)of a coal engine near Newcastle upon Tyne in English.When George was fourteen he became his father's assistant at a shilling a day.He loved engines and spent all his spare time studying them.That was in 1795, and in those days all steam engines were stationary
(固定的). They were used to pull trucks along rails with a chain or rope.
     In 1804, Richard Trevithick built an engine on wheels, and several other engineers built locomotives
(火車頭), as they were called, each one trying to make a better machine than the others.George
Stephenson himself tried to build a locomotive.
     Stephenson built his first locomotive in 1814, and he kept on trying to improve it.When the first public
railway was opened between Stochton and Darlington in 1825, it was his engine, called Locomotion, that pulled the first goods train in the world, with a few passengers on board.
     Stephenson's most famous engine was The Rocket, which his son Robert helped to design.In 1829, a
prize of 500 pounds was offered to the designer of the best locomotive.Five engines took part in the tests
and The Rocket proved to be the best in every way.It astonished everyone by pulling a train at the
wonderful speed of 30 miles an hour.With Robert, George Stephenson became the leading railway
engineer in the world, both for building engines and making railways.English had interesting names in those days, and the very famous one was called Puffing Billy.
1. George Stephenson's interest in engines started from________.
A. his love of engines at his time
B. his study of engines at spare time
C. his oneshilling income from his father
D. his experience of working with his father
2. Stephenson began to work on locomotives at the time when________.
A. some kinds of locomotives had already been built
B. no one could build a better one than his
C. only Trevithick made an engine on wheels
D. engines on wheels were not known as locomotives
3. Engines could be used to carry passengers________after the building of engines on wheels.
A. ten years  
B. twentyfive years
C. twentyone years  
D. thirty years
4. The Rocket aroused people's interest because it________.
A. won the prize
B. could run much faster
C. was the best of the five locomotives
D. was designed by Stephenson