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科目： 來源：江蘇高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     The first reality TV show in the world was called Expedition Robinson and it was shown in Sweden in
1997. Half the population of the country watched the final event and a new kind of TV program was born.
Two years later in Holland, the first series of Big Brother was filmed. Again, it was a great success and the
final program was watched by 15 million people. Now more than 20 countries around the world have Big
Brother or Expedition Robinson on their TV screens. The ordinary people who take part in the programs
are known by millions of people in their own countries and reality TV has become big, big business.
     For the TV producers, reality TV is a dream which come true because many of the programs cost nothing
to make. At some point, the television viewers (觀眾) are asked to telephone the program to vote or to apply
to take part in the show. It is the cost of these telephone calls that pays for the shows. One of the most
popular shows is Pop Idol. In the show, a group of attractive young people are made into pop stars. TV
viewers vote for their favorite person on the show. The winner makes a record and millions of copies of the
record are sold. His or her pictures are published on the covers of magazines or on the front pages of
newspapers, and then, they are quickly forgotten.
     But not everyone is happy about reality TV. In Portugal, two TV channels got into trouble because they
showed too much of the personal lives of the people in the shows. In France, reality TV is called "rubbish
TV" and the TV studios of Big Brother were attacked three times in one week. In Greece, Big Brother was
described as "against human rights and civilization".
1. Those who take part in reality TV shows are usually _____.
A. common people
B. pop TV Stars
C. attractive people
D. famous film stars
2. Who would pay for the cost of reality TV shows according to the passage?
A. TV producers who make reality TV shows.
B. TV actors who take part in reality TV shows.
C. TV viewers who telephone reality TV shows.
D. TV companies which broadcast reality TV shows.
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Pop Idol is one of the popular reality TV shows in the world.
B. Big Brother was one of the first reality TV shows in the world.
C. Rubbish TV is one of the personal reality TV shows in the world.
D. Expedition Robinson was the first reality TV show in the world.
4. It can be concluded from the passage that _____.
A. everyone is happy about reality TV
B. reality TV will do well in many countries
C. all the people in Europe are in favor of reality TV
D. reality TV will not be broadcast in any countries

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科目： 來源：天津高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     With a good shopping position and the right amount (數(shù)量) of money, any educated person ought to
be able to make a living out of a bookshop. It is not a difficult trade to learn and the large chain-stores
can never force the small bookseller out of existence as they have done to the corner shop. But the hours
of work are very long-I was only doing a part-time job, but my boss put in a seventy-hour week,besides
regular journeys out of shopping hours to buy books.
     The real reason why I should not like to be back in the book trade for life, however, is that while I was
in it I lost my love of books. A bookseller cannot always tell the truth about his books, and that gives him
a dislike for them. There was a time when I really did love books-loved the sight and smell and feel of
them-if they were fifty or more years old, that is. Nothing pleased me quite so much as to buy a bargain lot
of them on sale for several pounds. There is a peculiar flavour (獨(dú)特的味道) about the unexpected books
you pick up in that kind of collection: little-known eighteenth-century poets, or out-of-date geography
books. For occasional (偶爾的) reading-in your bath, for example, or late at night when you are too tired
to go to bed-there is nothing as good as a very old picture story-book.
     But as soon as I went to work in the bookshop I stopped buying books. Seen in a mass. five or ten
thousand at a time, books were dull and even a little tiresome. Nowadays I do buy one occasionally, but
only if it is a book that I want to read and can't borrow, and I never buy rubbish.
1. According to the passage, _____ is one of the necessary conditions to run a bookshop.
A. an educated shop-owner
B. a good position at a street corner
C. a regular journey out of the shop
D. the force of large chain-stores
2. The author should not like to be back as a bookseller for life because _____.
A. he hated his job of selling books
B. selling books was only a part-time job
C. the books in the shop gave him a dislike
D. he was unable to be honest about the books he sold
3. The books preferred by the author should be those _____.
A. stories making readers sleepless
B. valuable ones bought on sale
C. peculiar ones with great expectation
D. geography ones from the eighteenth century
4. The author will only buy new books _____.
A. if he feels dull and tired
B. after he gives up his job as a bookseller
C. which are interesting but hard to borrow
D. when he throws away old ones

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科目： 來源：高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     Rome had the Forum. London has Speaker's Comer. Now always-on-the-go New Yorkers have Liz and
Bill.      
     Liz and Bill, two college graduates in their early 20s, have spent a whole year trying to have thousandsd
people talk to them in subway stations and on busy street comers. Just talk.
     Using a 2-foot-tall sign that says, "Talk to Me," they attract conversationalists, who one evening included
a mental patient, and men in business suits.
     They don't collect money. They don't push religion (宗教). So what's the point?  
     "To see what happens," said Liz. "We simply enjoy life with open communication (交流)."
     Shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks, they decided to walk from New York City to Washington,
a 270-mile trip. They found they loved talking to people along the way and wanted to continue talking with
strangers after their return.
     "It started as a crazy idea," Liz said. "We were so curious about all the strangers walking by with their life
stories. People will talk to us about anything: their jobs, their clothes, their childhood experiences, anything?" 
     Denise wanted to talk about an exam she was about to take. She had stopped by for the second time in
two days, to let the two listeners know how it went.
     Marcia had left her husband to a serious disease. "That was very heavy on my mind," Marcia said. "To
be able to talk about it to total strangers was very good," she explained. 
     To celebrate a year of talking, the two held a get-together in a city park for all the people they had met
over the past year. A few hundred people showed up, as well as some television cameramen and reporters.  
     They may plan more parties or try to attract mare people to join their informal talks. Some publishers have
expressed interest in a book, something they say they'll consider.
1. What did Liz and Bill start doing after September 2001? 
A. Chatting with people.
B. Setting up street signs.
C. Telling stories to strangers.
D. Organizing a speaker's comer.
2. What they have been doing can be described as _____?
A. pointless
B. normal
C. crazy
D. successful
3. Why are Denise and Marcia mentioned in the text?

A. They knew Liz and Bill very well.
B. They happened to meet the writer of the text.
C. They organized the get-together in the city park.
D. They are examples of those who talked to Liz and Bill.

4. What will Liz and Bill do in the future?
A. Go in for publishing.
B. Do more television programs.
C. Continue what they am doing.
D. Spend more time reading books.
5. How do they like the idea of writing a book?
A. They have decided to wait a year or two.
B. They will think about it carefully. 
C. They agreed immediately.
D. They find it hard to do that.

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科目： 來源：山東省高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     A device that stops drivers from falling asleep at the wheel is about to undergo testing at Department
of Transport laboratories and could go on sale within 12 months. The system, called driver Alert, aims to
reduce deadly road accidents by 20%-40% that are caused by tiredness. Airline pilots can also use it to
reduce the 30% of all pilot-error accidents that are related to fatigue.
    Driver Alert is based on a computerized wristband. The device, worn by drivers or pilots gives out a
sound about every four minutes during a car journey. After each sound the driver must respond by squeezing
the steering wheel (方向盤). A sensor in the wristband detects this pressing action and measures the time
between the sound and the driver's response.
    Tiredness is directly related to a driver's response time. Usually, a watchful driver would take about 400
milliseconds to respond, but once that falls to more than 500 milliseconds, it suggests that the driver is getting
sleepy.
    In such cases the device gives out more regular and louder sounds, showing that the driver should open a
window or stop for a rest. If the driver's response continues to slow down, the sounds become more frequent
until a nonstop alarm warms that the driver must stop as soon as possible.
     The device has been delivered to the department's laboratories for testing. If these tests, scheduled for six
months' time, are successful, the markers will bring the product to market within about a year.
1. According to the text, Driver Alert ______.
A. aims to reduce tiredness-related accidents
B. has gone through testing at laboratories
C. aims to prevent drivers from sleeping
D. has been on sale for 12 months
2. How should a driver respond to the sounds from Driver Alert?
A. By sounding a warning
B. By touching the wristband
C. By checking the driving time
D. By pressing the steering wheel
3. We can learn from the text that the driver needs to stop for a break when his response time is ______.
A. About 400 milliseconds
B. below 500 milliseconds
C. over 500 milliseconds
D. about 400 minutes
4. When the driver gets sleepy while driving, Driver Alert ______.
A. moves more regularly
B. stops working properly
C. opens the window for the driver
D. sounds more frequently and loudly

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科目： 來源：北京高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
                                                      How to Make a Budget (預(yù)算)
     Most likely, you aren't the family breadwinner. But doing a small job or getting a weekly allowance (零花錢)
would put some money in your pocket. For kids and grown-ups alike, money is easy to spend. If you aren't
careful, it can be gone in no time. Being responsible with your money is an important skill to learn－and the
sooner you start the better. Whether you are tracking your spending or saving for something special, creating
a budget can help you deal with your expenses and plan for the future. All you need are paper and a pencil－and
some self-control. First, take a look at our sample monthly budget. Then, use a separate sheet of paper to plan
your own. In the first two columns (欄), list your sources (來源) of income and how much you expect to earn
form them. In the third and fourth columns, list what you expect to spend your money on and the amount.
    The left-hand total should
be more than or equal to the
right-hand total. If it is, you
have an effective budget.
     Budgets are not complex,
but sticking to them can be
tough. When planning your
budget, be realistic about
your expenses. If you know		                                        Sample Monthly Budget
Monthly Income Amount    Monthly Expenses  Amount
Allowance $ 20.00 Snacks $ 26.00
Money earned
Selling drinks		 $ 25.00 Music downloads $ 12.00
Money earned
babysitting		 $ 12.50 Movies $ 18.00
Money earned $ 30.00 Video rentals $ 10.00
that you drop $ 18 at a movie, don't write $ 12 in that space simply because you wish you were spending less.
     If you are eyeing a big purchase, such as a $ 150 skateboard, spend less and save more until you have the
total amount. No matter how attractive it may be, avoid spending your savings. One day, you will thank yourself?
1. Who is the passage written for?
A. Children
B. Parents.
C. Breadwinners.
D. Bank managers.
2. The purpose of making a budget is to help people ______.
A. learn to be realistic
B. increase their savings
C. manage their money well
D. test their power of self-control
3. What should people do when planning a budget?
A. Fill in the expenses as they really are.
B. Avoid spending money on expensive things.
C. Set aside a fixed amount of money as savings.
D. List income and expenses on two pieces of paper.
4. Which of the following budgets is effective?
A.
B.
C.
D.

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科目： 來源：北京高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。

     While parents, particularly mothers, have always been attached to their infants (嬰兒). Societal conditions
frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain (保持). First of all, the high infant death rate in the
premodern times meant that such attachments often ended in hopelessness. Perhaps to prevent the sadness
that infant death caused, a number of societal practices developed which worked against early attachment of
mother and child.
     One of these premodern attachment discouraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had
survived into the second year. Another practice that discouraged maternal (母親的) attachment was tightly
wrapping (包裹) infants. Wrapping effectively prevented the close physical interactions like stroking (撫摸)
and kissing that are so much a part of modern mothers' and fathers' affection for their infants.
     A third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing. Breast-feeding (母乳哺育) was
not popular among the well-to-do in the early modern times; infants were often fed by wet nurses hired for
the purpose. In some places, such as nineteenth-century France, city infants were sent to wet nurses in the
country. Often a wet nurse would feed her own child first, leaving little milk for the city infant－who, in
many cases, died. In Rouen, the death rate for children sent to a wet nurse was 35 percent.
1. Babies were unnamed until they were two so that ______.
A. an old social custom could be kept up
B. maternal attachment could be maintained
C. they could have better chances to survive
D. their parents would not be too sad if they died
2. Why were babies wrapped?
A. To protect them from the cold.
B. To distance their mothers from them.
C. To make them feel more comfortable.
D. To make it easy for their mothers to hold them.
3. Wet nurses were women who ______.
A. babysat city infants
B. fed babies of other families
C. sent their babies to the country
D. failed to look after their babies
4. Wet nurses were women who ______.
A. babysat city infants
B. fed babies of other families
C. sent their babies to the country
D. failed to look after their babies

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科目： 來源：上海高考真題 題型：完形填空

Cloze.
     The birthrate in Europe has been in a steady decrease since the 1960s. European countries, realizing crisis
is at hand, are providing great encouragement for parents to create more babies in the 21st century.
     Affairs Ministry concluded last year that,   1   cash encouragement, some women just don't want to be 
  2    holding the baby. "What we know is that it's good for the   3   if men and women share the burden of
having children," says Soren Kindlund, family policy adviser at the Swedish ministry.   4   Swedish parents
can take their paid leave as they wish, men use a mere 12% of it; 60% of fathers do not take even a(n)   5   
day off work.
     Experts fear that the tendency for women to use most of the parental leave could make employers   6   
go give young women the permanent jobs they need to qualify for paid maternity leave (產(chǎn)假). In January.
Sweden decided to allow new fathers two months' paid leave, with a warning: use it or   7   it.
     Kindlund admits that men are under   8   to stay at work, even though parental pay comes out of the public
purse. "It's not popular among bosses and perhaps with other men in the workplace," he says. "But it's good
for the father and for the child if they can   9   a relationship."
     In Norway, a(n)  10  policy has worked wonders. 70% of dads in Norway now take parental leave, and
the birthrate of 1.85 children per woman is one of the highest in Europe.
(     )1. A. is spite of 
(     )2. A. sent       
(     )3. A. birthrate  
(     )4. A. Just as    
(     )5. A. one        
(     )6. A. willing    
(     )7. A. reserve    
(     )8. A. discussion 
(     )9. A. make out   
(     )10. A. impersonal       		B. at the cost of      
B. left            
B. income       
B. Only if          
B. mere            
B. reluctant        
B. misuse           
B. attack           
B. add up         
B. similar        		C. in addition to  
C. caught            
C. health         
C. Even though       
C. only             
C. likely            
C. ignore            
C. control          
C. build up        
C. severe           		D. due to      
D. seen           
D. spirit     
D. Now that                     
D. single       
D. unable       
D. lose         
D. pressure       
D. set aside 
D. global       

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科目： 來源：上海高考真題 題型：完形填空

Cloze.
     Farmers, as we all know, have been having a hard time of it lately, and have turned to new ways of earning
income from their land. This involves not only planting new kinds of crops, but some   1   ways of making
money, the most unusual of which has got to be sheep racing. Yes, you heard me   6  ! A farmer now holds
sheep races on a regular basis, and during the past year over 100, 000 people have   3   to watch the race. "I
was passing the farm on my way to the sea for a holiday," one punter (賽馬經(jīng)紀(jì)人) told me, "and I thought
I'd have a look. I didn't believe it was serious, to tell you the truth." According to a regular visitor, betting on
sheep is more interesting than betting on horses. "At proper horse races everyone has already studied the form
of the horse   4  , and there are clear favourites.   5   nobody has heard anything about these   6  ! Most people
find it difficult to tell one from another in any case." I stayed to watch the races, and I must admit that I found
it quite   7  . In a usual sheep race, half a dozen sheep race down hill over a course of about half a mile. Food
is waiting for them at the other end of the   8   just to give them some encouragement, I ought to add! The
sheep run surprisingly fast,   9   they have probably not eaten for a while. Anyway, the crowd around me were
obviously enjoying their day out at the races,  10  by their happy faces and the sense of excitement.
(     )1.A. common   
(     )2.A. honestly  
(     )3.A. showed off
(     )4.A. behind time
(     )5.A. But       
(     )6.A. horses   
(     )7.A. exciting  
(     )8.A. race     
(     )9.A. if       
(     )10.A. observing     		B. strange      
B. surprisingly 
B. brought up     
B. in progress  
B. Therefore    
B. sheep        
B. dangerous    
B. hill        
B. so            
B. judging      		C. swift        
C. completely   
C. turned up       
C. in advance     
C. Moreover       
C. races         
C. boring         
C. track       
C. yet           
C. considering      		D. illegal         
D. correctly    
D. looked forward             
D. in time         
D. Otherwise       
D. stories         
D. peculiar        
D. field          
D. although         
D. inferring      

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科目： 來源：上海高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

Reading comprehension.

     When we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only
to those that are important to us. We don't stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and
in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.
     We make use of stereotypes (刻板的模式) as convenient ways to make quick judgments about situations
and people around us. They may not always be accurate,and they can often be dangerously wrong, but they
are used regularly.
     The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited close to provide us with
a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication. We may decide not to go
to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.
     In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation. Different groups often
use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized. It is becoming increasingly
common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes, and this labeling makes it easy to send out
information about fashion and price instantly, and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar
tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.
     In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions (區(qū)分), clothes, hairstyles,
people's pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group. Class distinctions tend to
be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary
determining factors of friendship and association.

1. People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because _____.
A. they do not wish to talk to other people
B. everyone else is expressionless
C. the environment is already familiar to them
D. there is too much information to take in
2. According to the passage,the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they _____.
A. are likely to lead us into dangerous situations
B. may make us miss some pleasant experience
C. can rarely be relied on
D. make us mentally lazy
3. From the passage we may conclude that _____.
A. stereotypes can help to understand people fully
B. people are becoming more interested in fashion
C. dressing can send messages about individuals
D. stereotypes can do more harm than good to people
4. It would appear that in England, a person's class _____.
A. might be less important in making friends in a city
B. is mainly determined by his pronunciation
C. plays less of a role than it did in the past
D. is something that can be changed easily

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科目： 來源：高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     In 1901, H. G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the Explorers
(探險(xiǎn)者) landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed
their surprise to the"moon people" they met.In turn, the"moon people" expressed their surprise."Why," they
asked,"are you traveling to outer space when you don't even use your inner space?"
     H. G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon.
People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. However, the qu- estion that the "moon
people" asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of acientists are seriously thinking about it.
     Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In some cities, such
as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas. The"Chunnel", a tunnel (隧道)
connecting England and France, is now complete.
     But what about underground cities? Japan's Taisei Corporation is designing a network of underground
systems, called"Alice Cities," The designers imagine using surface space for pubic parks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on. A solar dome (太陽能穹頂) would cover the whole city.
     Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use
the earth's space. The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks, gardens, and wilderness, H. G. Wells
"moon people" would agree. Would you?
1. The explorers in H. G. Wells, story were surprised to find that the "moon people"_____.
A. knew so much about the earth
B. understood their language
C. lived in so many underground cities
D. were ahead of them in space technology
2. What does the underlined word "it" (paragraph 2) refer to?
A. Discovering the moon's inner space.
B. Using the earth's inner space.
C. Meeting the "moon people" again.
D. Traveling to outer space.
3. What sort of underground systems are already here with us?
A. Offices, shopping areas,  power stations.
B. Tunnels, car parks, shopping areas.
C. Gardens, car parks, power stations.
D. Tunnels, gardens, offices.
4. What would be the beat title for the text?
A. Alice Cities-cities of the future
B. Space travel with H. G. Wells
C. Enjoy living underground
D. Building down, not up

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