We were just about ready to leave _____ it started to snow.

A. when  B. before

C. after   D. since

_______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.

A. Having given     B. To give

C. Giving       D. Given

“Where is David?” “He is upstairs ______ ready to go out.”

A. to get  B. getting

C. to be getting      D. having got

Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.

During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”, that’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak(最高峰). For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why it is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues(自言自語)as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” the possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature—and—energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.

You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract(對抗)your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point.

Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn(呵欠)and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.

If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ______.

       A．he is a lazy person       

       B．he refuses to follow his own energy cycle

       C．he is not sure when his energy is low

       D he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening

Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?

       A．Not knowing about the energy cycle   

       B．Familiar monologues

       C．A change in a family member’s energy cycle

       D．Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members

If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should ______.

       A．change his energy cycle B．overcome his laziness

       C．get up earlier than usual        D．go to bed earlier

You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ______.

       A．help to keep your energy for the day’s work

       B．help you to control your temper early in the day

       C．enable you to concentrate on your routine work

       D．keep your energy cycle under control all day

The UN Security Council was created in 1945. It is made up of 10 rotating (輪值的) members and five permanent members, which have a veto, the power to stop a resolution (決議). Most UN members now consider the organization's structure outdated． But any changes need the agreement of two-thirds of the 191 members, and no veto from any of the five permanent council members.

Last year, Japan, Germany, Brazil and India formed a lobbying (游說) group to get permanent council seats. But North and South Korea have doubts about Japan, Italy opposes Germany for a seat, Pakistan is against India's candidacy (候選資格) and Mexico and Argentina frown on Brazil.

A wave of emotion swept through China last week as millions voiced their opposition to Japan's permanent membership of the United Nations (UN) Security Council. By last Friday over 22 million Chinese had signed an online petition (請愿) against Japan's bid for a permanent seat on the council.

According to major Chinese websites, such as sina.com, more than 170,000 overseas Chinese also signed． This is the first online activity of its kind．

The petition was started by US-based Alliance for Preserving the Truth of the Sino-Japanese War (抗日戰(zhàn)爭史實維護會). They want Japan to apologize for crimes during World War II. The group also plans to present the petition to the UN this autumn.

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao said he didn't think the petition shows anti-Japanese feeling. He believed instead it is a request for Japan to take a responsible attitude towards history.

What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?

       A．Function of the UN in world affairs.     B．Members of the UN.

       C．Facts about the UN Security Council.    D．Reform of the UN Security Council.

Which statement is true according to the text?

       A．Four countries, such as Japan, Germany, Brazil and India are applying for joining the UN.

       B．Some countries, such as North and South Korea, Italy, Pakistan, Mexico and Argentina

propose ticking the four countries out of the UN.

       C．If the countries’ bids for permanent membership of the Council are turned down, the

opponent countries will take the place.

       D．The UN Security Council is going to take in new members.

The underlined phrase “frown on” in the third paragraph can be replaced by _____.

       A．a(chǎn)gree on         B．disapprove of  

       C．give a firm support to          D．say yes to

What’s the main reason for China’s opposition to Japan’s permanent membership of the

Council?

       A．Japan is unwilling to admit to its crimes against the Chinese in the World War II.

       B．Millions of people in Asia signed a petition against it.

       C．The Chinese people have strong anti-Japanese feeling.

       D．Japan is an irresponsible country that once had a history of invasion.

Making an advertisement for television often costs more than a movie．For example, a two-hour movie costs $ 6 million to make．A TV commercial can cost more than $ 6 000 a second．And that does not include cost of paying for air time(電視節(jié)目開始的時間)．Which is more valuable, the program or the ad? In terms of money--and making money is what television is all about  the commercial is by far the more important．

    Research, market testing, talent, time and money-----all come together to make us want to buy a product．No matter how bad we think a commercial is, it works．The sales of Charm went up once the ads began．TV commercials actually buy their way into our head．We, in turn, buy the product．

    And the ads work because so much time an attention are given them．Here are some rules of commercial ad making．If you want to get the low middle-class buyer, make sure the announcer has a tough, manly voice．Put some people in the ad who work with their hands．If you want to sell to upper-class audience, make sure that the house, the furniture, and the hair style are the types that the group identifies (識別) with．If you want the buyer feel superior to the character selling the product, then make that person so stupid or silly that everyone will feel great about himself or herself

We laugh at commercials．We don't think we pay that much attention them．But facts show we are kidding ourselves．The making of a commercial that costs so much money is not kid stuff．It's big, big business．And it's telling us what to think, what we need, and what to buy．To put  it simply, the TV commercial is a form of brainwashing．

TV commercials are more important than other programs to television because _______．

   A．they bring in great profits (利潤)             B．they require a lot of money to make

C．they are not difficult to produce  D．they attract more viewers than other programs

The purpose of all the efforts made in turning out TV commercials is ________．

   A．to persuade people to buy the product      B．to show how valuable the product is

   C．to test the market value of the product     D．to make them as interesting as TV movies

From the rules set for making commercial ads, we can see that_________．

   A．the lower-middle-class buyer likes to work with his hand

   B．the more stupid the characters, the more buyers of the product

   C．a(chǎn)d designers attract different people with different skills

   D．a(chǎn)n upper-class buyer is more interested in houses and furniture than a lower-middle-class buyer

It is believed by the writer that_________．

   A．few people like to watch TV commercials

B．TV commercials are a good guide to buyers

   C．TV commercials often make people laugh

D．people do not think highly of TV commercials

I admired my classmate Lisa very much. ____ her prettiness, she was smart and helpful.

A. Except for     B. But for  C. Apart from  D. In spite of

The professor has received the letter ____ to give a lecture in ftinceton Institute.

A. being invited B. to be invited C. inviting himD. invited

_____ wants to study well must learn things _____.

A. No matter who; with heart   B.Who; with his heart

C. Whoever; by heart          D. Whoever; by his heart

____ the youth ____ the rising sun at 8 or 9 o'clock am, Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young men.

A. Comparing; withB. Compared; to  C. Compared; with D. Comparing; to