（2011·全國II）A

Since 1984, Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one, graffiti-covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. So far, more than 1,800 murals（壁畫）have been painted.Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.

The walls that were once ugly with graffiti（涂鴉）are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schools  and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphia's Anti-Graffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAP's artistic director. "When people ask me what ow program is about," she says, "I answer them with one word: hope." Each .year, the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops. Some one-time graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.

 The MAP's work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community（社區(qū)）．When a neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Some messages have been "Safe Streets," "Love and Care," and "Peace Walk."

The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year, the workers painted 140 murals.

 "The making of a mural enters people's collective memory as an extraordinary, pleasant moment in neighborhood history" says Golden, who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.

41 ．What can be the best title for the text?

    A. Love, from Graffiti Writers to Muralists

    B. MAP, a New Company in Philadelphia

    C. Jane, an Excellent Mural Artist

    D. Hope, One Wall at a Time

42. What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?

    A. Helping the young find jobs.

    B. Protecting the neighborhood.

    C. Fighting against graffiti.

    D. Attracting more visitors.

43．How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural?

    A. By having discussions with people in the community.

    B ．By seeking advice from the city government.

    C ．By learning from the young graffiti writers.

    D. By studying the history of the city.

44. Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?

    A. Difficult. B．Dangerous. C. Experimental．D. Successful.

（2011·浙江卷）C

   In the more and more competitive service industry , it is no longer enough to promise customrr satisfaction. Today , customer “delighi” is what companies are trying to achieve in or order to keep and increase market share.

It is accepted in the marketing industry , and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people : those treated badly will tell their tales of woe to up to 20 people, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal

     New llenges for customer care have come when peoplecan obtain  goods and services through  telephone call centers and the Intemet. For example , many companies now have to invest(投資)a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”—caused by delays in answering calls ,being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.

“Many people do not like talking to machines ,”says Dr . Storey Senior Lecturer in Marketng at City University Business School. “Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them .The aim is to make the customet feel they know you and that you can trest— the sort of comfortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branch manager.”

  Recommended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and over-delivering  (saying that a repair will be camed out within five hours ,but getting it done within two );replacing a faulty product immediately : throwing in a gift voucher(購物禮卷)as an unexpected “thank you” to regntlar customers ;and always returning calls ,even when they are complaints.

  Aiming for customer delight is all very well , but if services do not reach the high level promised , disappointment or worse will be the result . This can be eased by offering an aplogy and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example,“I know how you must feel”) , and possible solutions (replacement , compensation or whatever faimess suggests best meets the case).

           Airlines face some of the tourhest challenges over customer care . Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather ,unclaimed luggage and technieal problems .

   For British Airways staff , a winning telephone style is considercd vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times . They are trained to answer quickly ,with their name , job title and a “we are here to help” attitude. The company has investod heavily in information technology to make sure that infomation is available instantly on scren.

     British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff are

taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.

   Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as "we do as we please”. On the other  hand , the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of  disappointment.

50. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that       .

A.  complaining customers are hard to satisfy

B.  unsatisfied customers receive better service

C.  Satisfied customers catch more attention

D.  well-treated customers promote business

51. The writer mentions “phone rage”(Paragraph 3) to show that        .

A. customers often use phones to express their anger

B. people still prefer to buy goods online

C. customer care becomes more attention

D. customers rely on their phones to obtain services 

52.  What does the writer recommend to create delight?

A. Calling customers regularly    B. Giving a “thank you” note.

C. Delivering a quicker service    D. Promising more gifts.

53. If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph6), what would he  probably say?

A.“I know how upset you must be.”   B.“I appreciate your understanding.”

C. “I’m sorry for the delay.”          D.“I know it’s our fault.”

54. Customer delight is important for airlines because      .

A. their telephone style remains anchanged

B. they are more likely to meet with complaints

C. the services cost them a lot of money

D. the policies can be applied to their staff

55. Which of the following is conveyed in this article?

A. Face-to-face service creatcs comfortable feelings among customers.

B. Companies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.

C. A company should promise less but do more in a competitive market.

D. Customer delight is more important for airlines than for banks.

（2011·廣東卷）A

In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animals. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my cofffee,  or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.

From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people,but sometimes I was sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They don’t get to see this soft side of others. Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending we’re brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that’s in them.

Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning(按喇叭)or even shouting at me. At that moment, I decided to do something I had never done in twenty-four of driving I put on the flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.

No more angry shouts and no more horns!

When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to the other drivers, “I have a problem here, I am weak and doing the best I can,” And everyone understood. Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They couldn’t get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.

Sometimes weakness call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t that those far between. More often, it would be better if we don’t pretend to feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we’re scared.

26. The author has discovered that people will feel happy when_______.

A. they offer their help

B. they receive others’ help

C.they feel others’ kindness

D. they show their weakness

27. The author feels sad sometimes because ______.

   A. he has a soft heart

   B. he relies much on others

   C. some people pretend to be kind

   D. some people fail to see the kindness in others

28. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?

A. They speed up to pass.

   B. They waited with patience.

   C. They tried their best to help.

   D. They put on their flashlights too.

29. In this passage, the author advises us to ______.

   A. handle problems by ourselves

   B. accept help from others

   C. admit our weakness

   D. show our bravery

30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

   A. A Wheelchair Experience.

   B. Weakness and Kindness.

   C. Weakness and Strength

D. A Driving Experience

（2011·江西卷）C

The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating form England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.

The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(蕭條) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.

Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.

66. How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?

   A. Through his observation of the country life.

   B. Through the combination of different ideas.

   C. By taking other people’s advice.

   D. By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.

67. The underlined phrase“drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means______.

   A. making use of                                        B. making comments on

   C. giving an explanation of                          D. giving a description of

68. According to Howard, garden cities should be built______.

   A. as far as possible from existing cities

   B. in the countryside where the land was cheap

   C. in the countryside where agriculture was developed

   D. near cities where employment opportunities already existed

69. What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?

   A. Their number would continue to rise

   B. Each one would continue to become larger

   C. People would live and work in the same place

   D. Each one would contain a certain type of business

70. What could be the best title for the passage?

   A. City and Countryside                               B. The Invention of the Garden City

   C.A New City in Chicago                             D. A Famous Garden City in England

（2011·山東卷）C

  Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart.

  “I have two kids in college, and I want to say ‘come home,’ but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,” says Jacobs.

The Jacobs family did work out a solution: They asked and received more aid from the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (貸款) program. They will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school.

    With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.

    At the same time, tuition（學費）continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade,

    “If we go on this way for another 25years, we won’t have an affordable system of higher education,” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The middle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”

    Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.

67. How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem?

    A. They asked their kids to come home.

    B. They borrowed $20,000 from the school.

    C. They encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs.

    D. They got help from the school and the federal government.

68. Financial aid administrators believe that _______.

    A. more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses

    B. the government will receive more letters of complaint

    C. college tuition fees will double soon

    D. America’s unemployment will fall

69.What can we learn about the middle class families from the text?

A. They blamed the government for the tuition increase.

B. Their income remained steady in the last decade.

C. They will try their best to send kids to college.

D. Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.

70.According to the last paragraph, the government will       .

A. provide most students will scholarships

B. dismiss some financial aid administrators

C. stop the companies from making student loans

D. go on providing financial support for college students

（2011·安徽卷）B

Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources（來源）, as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills（風車）began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

For many centuries, people used windmills to grind（磨碎）wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s, when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.

During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

60. From the text we know that windmills              .

A. were invented by European armies

B. have a history of more than 2800 years

C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas

D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered

61. What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?

A. Sailing a boat. 

B. Producing electricity.

C. Grinding wheat into flour.

D. Pumping water from underground.

62. One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that             .

A. wind power is cleaner

B. it is one of the oldest power sources

C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind

D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

63. What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A. The advantage of wind power.

B. The design of wind power plants.

C. The worldwide movement to save energy.

D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.

【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段句子Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind可知，接下來作者應該談論利用風能發(fā)電的情況，因此選擇D項。

（2011·重慶卷）E

Skeptics are a stange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.

Perhaps that explain why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine. Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets some big businesses with special intererts. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg’s views are similar to those of some Industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities though the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.

So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg’s book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”

Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg’s “preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)”。

A critical (批判的) eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That’s a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.

72. According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”?

A. People who agree on the popularity of “eco-guilt”.

B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.

C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.

D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.

73. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg’s books?

A. Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests.

B. The book challenges views about the fine state of the wirld.

C. The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.

D. Industry–funded media present confusing information.

74. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to_____.

A. voice a different opinion

B. find fault with Lomborg’s book 

C. challenge the authority of the media

D. point out the value of scientific views.

75. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?

A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.

B. To warn the public of the danger of half–blindness with reviews.

C. To blame the media’s lack of responsibility in presenting information.

D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.

（2011·天津卷）C

An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same tome.

In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (發(fā)起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 1998. Her original program used author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong kong.

In Chicago, the mayor(市長）appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program. As a result, reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.

   The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy

And passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.

Ultinatel was Nancy points out,the level of sucicess is not meastured by how many people read a book,but by how many people are enriched by the process.or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.

46.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?

A.To invite authors to guide readers.

B.To encourage people to read and share.

C.To involve people in communnity service.

D.To promote the friendship between cities.

47.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the projict?

A.They had little interest in reading.

B.They were too busy to read a book.

C.They came from many different backgrounds

D.They lacked support from the locat government

48.According to the passage,where would the project be more easily carried out?

A.In large communities with little sense of unity

B.In large cities where libraries are far from home

C.In medium-sized cities with a diverse population

D.In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached

49.The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean     

A.exchanged ideas with each other

B.discussed the meaning of a word

C.gamed life experience

D.used the same language

50.According to Nacy,the degree of students of the project is judged by

A.      the careful selection of a proper book

B.      the growing popularity of the writers

C.the number of people who benefit from reading.

D.the number of books that each person reads.

（2011·天津卷）D

Blind imitation (模仿)is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth. Imitation appears attractive: to those who know their strenghth. Imitation is unacceptable.

In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜譜) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.

In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意識地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.

In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.

Blessed is the person willing to act on their sundden desire to create somrthing unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done brfore them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces  is  not running out of material;it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.

Syudy your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not server.Then you can say,”I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors”tragedies and  tory ,and know that they are cheering on.

51.Imitation proves useful when you        .

A.know you are unique

B.lose the bslance of life

C.begin to learn something new

D.get tired of routine practice

52. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should________.

A. forget daily fear and pain

B. choose the right example

C. ask others for decisions

D. stay away from stars

53.Acording to the author. The world moves on because of those who are          .

A. desperate to intruence  others with their knowledge

B. ready to turn their original ideas into reality

C. eager to discover what their ancestors did

D. willing to accept others’ideas

54.The trouble a creator faces is          .

A. the lack of strong motivation

B. the absence of practical ideas

C. how to search for more materials

D. how to use imagination creatively

55. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A. To highlight the importance of creatively.

B. To criticize the characters of role models.

C. To compare imitation with creation.

D. To explain the meaning of success.

 (浙江省金華一中2008年5月高考模擬E篇)

When Jack Ma founded the Alibaba Group in 1999, he had 500,000 yuan in his hand and the support of 17 friends. Now eight years later, Alibaba has become China’s largest online commerce company, earning a profit of 1.36 billion yuan in 2006.

But when asked what makes him proud, Ma surprised many people by putting his employees way ahead of his legendary e-commerce websites.

“I feel most proud of my team, and the least of the websites,” Ma said. “The secret of my success is relying on team work and having a sense of mission（使命）”

Ma made the remarks on the eve of Alibaba Group’s shares becoming available for trade on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange last Tuesday. On the first day of trading, the shares more than doubled in value.

Eight years ago, when Ma created Alibaba, he envisioned（預想）that the Internet would change people’s lives. But the former English teacher knew little about computer science. “So I decided to hire someone who knows technology and respected his decisions,” he said.

Ma said he trusts his employees fully as long as they are diligent and have a sense of purpose.

“When people apply to work for Alibaba, I talk with them for two hours to lower their expectations. I tell the applicants not to expect a pay raise or promotion, but to prepare to work long hours and to be criticized by the boss, “ Ma said.

But Ma is not a rigid（嚴厲的）boss. He is like a friend in the eyes of most his employees. Unlike traditional companies where most of the people do just what their boss asks, he treats them as partners and encourages them to present their own ideas.

“I have confidence in the online commercial service in China and encourage my more than 4,000 staff to remain united to make Alibaba the biggest ecommerce supplier for China, Asia and even the world,” said Ma.

He promotes company values of honesty, passion and teamwork. Those who don’t accept these principals will find it hard to work there, no matter how talented they are.

“I have seen many who are more clever and hardworking than my team and me,” Ma said. But “we have a loyal team which has stayed on the same course, no wavering（搖擺）.” And Ma pursuing his dream is the magnet（磁鐵）that draws talents in.

  57. What did Jack Ma do before he founded Alibaba?

A. He was a waiter.                B. He was a technician.

C. He was a teacher.               D. He was a manager of a small company.

  58. What is Jack Ma’s characteristic in terms of his management?

A. Trusting his employees fully.

B. Putting his employees ahead of himself before performing and trade.

C. Promoting company values of honesty, passion and team work.

D. Pursuing his dream is the magnet that draws talents in.

  59. What does Ma take the most pride in?

A. His employees.            B. His website.

C. Alibaba Group’s Shares.     D. His efficient management.

  60. According to the text, which remarks following is NOT reasonable?

A. Jack Ma believes an employee’s talent is less important than the acceptance of the company’ principals.

B. Alibaba is an online commerce company started eight years ago.

C. Alibaba has become the biggest e-commerce company in China.

D. Alibaba’s shares rocketed after they made their first public appearance on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange last week.