Fifty–eight percent of the teachers interviewed in the Association of Teachers and Lecturers (ATL) questionnaire had come across copying among their pupils. Gill Bullen from Itchen College in Southampton, for example, said, "Pieces handed in by two students were identical and significantly better than either of them could have done. Not only that, the essays handed in didn't quite answer the title question I had set". A teacher from Leeds said, "I had one piece of work so bravely cut and pasted that it still contained ads from the web page."

Connie Robinson from Stockton Riverside College said, "With less able students it is easy to spot copying as the writing style changes in the middle of the assignment, but with more able students it is sometimes necessary for tutors to carry out Internet research to identify the source of the copy."

Mary Bousted, general secretary of the ATL, said," Teachers are struggling under a mountain of cut-and-pasting to spot whether work was the student's own or copy." She called for policies to stop copying, and asked for help from exam boards and the government in providing resources and techniques to detect cheats.

But there was another side. "I have found once students clearly understand what copying is, its consequences and how to reference correctly so they can draw on published works, copying becomes less of a problem," said Diana Baker from Emmanuel College, Durham.

"I think the majority of students who engage in copying do it more out of ignorance than the desire to cheat. They really want to succeed on their own."

53. The passage mainly wants to tell us ____________.

54. The underlined word “identical” (Paragraph 1) probably means ____________.

55. What is TRUE according to Connie Robinson?

56. What’s the writer’s attitude towards “copying”?

Some names have special meanings in popular American expressions. One day, an average Joe was walking down the street. An average Joe is a common person – either male or female. He did not know where he was going. So average Joe asked John Q. Public for directions to the nearest bank. John Q. Public is also a common person – male or female. “Jeez Louise,” said John Q. Public. This is an expression of surprise. “Don’t you know that all banks are closed today? It is Saturday.”

“For Pete’s sake.” said average Joe. This is also an expression used to show a feeling like surprise or disappointment. “I do not believe you,” said he. At that moment, Joe Blow was walking down the street with a woman. Joe Blow is also an expression for a common person. Now this Joe Blow was NOT walking next to a plain Jane. A plain Jane is a woman who is neither ugly nor pretty. The woman with Joe Blow was a real Sheila – a beautiful woman.

Average Joe asked the woman if all banks were closed on Saturday. “No way, Jose,” she answered. This is a way of saying “no.” “No way, Jose. Many banks are open on Saturdays.”

Average Joe did not know either of these two people from Adam. That is, he did not know them at all. But he followed their directions to the nearest bank. [

When he arrived, he walked to the desk and said: “I am here to withdraw some money so I can pay my taxes to Uncle Sam”. This represents the United States government. The banker produced some papers and told him to sign his John Hancock at the bottom. A John Hancock is a person’s signed name – a signature. Historically, John Hancock was one of the signers of the United States Declaration of Independence. Hancock had a beautiful signature and signed his name larger than all the others.

45．The main idea of this text is that           .

       A．some popular American names have special stories

       B．some popular American expressions have some special names[

       C．some popular American names have special meanings

       D．some popular American expressions are interesting

46．Which of the following refers to an ordinary – looking woman?

       A．A average Joe         B．John Q. Public

       C．Joe Blow         D．A plain Jane

47．The name “Jeez Louise” is           .

       A．a(chǎn)n expression of surprise B．a(chǎn) feeling like disappointment

       C．a(chǎn)n expression for a common man   D．a(chǎn) woman who is neither ugly nor pretty

48．What does the banker really want to ask Joe to sign on the papers?

       A．John Hancock.        B．United States Declaration.

       C．His own name.        D．Uncle Sam.

When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can changed the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the people at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them. "Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the things you tell us not to do? You grownups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflect your words."

I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur（刺激） action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I've sat through many more conferences, I'm not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual's voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.

When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I'm learning that as we have to make choices--education, career, lifestyle--life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are learning a shortsighted way of looking at the future, focusing on four-year government terms and quarterly business reports. We are taught that economic growth is progress, but we aren't taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable way of living. And we are learning that what we wanted for our future when we were 12 was idealistic and naïve（天真）.

Today I'm no longer a child, but I'm worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of the change. I hope this goal will be met through our common efforts. Thank you all.

57．The purpose of what the speaker said at the age of 12 was to          .

       A．end poverty and make school beautiful

       B．find environmental answers and show off

       C．focus people’s attention on some social problems

       D．find a wonderful place and clean it up

58．What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to?

       A．A long period of laughing.

       B．A cold and unfriendly welcome.

       C．An expression used for greeting.

       D．Great applause or cheering.

59．The information in the text is presented mainly through          .

      A．question and answer B．a(chǎn) personal lecture[來

       C．cause and effect              D．listing steps in a process

60．Which of the following best describes the speaker?

       A．He is an experienced educator.       B．He is an impolite man.

       C．He is a man of great worries.  D．He is a man of social responsibility.

Sandeep Mukerji was on his first visit to Thailand but would leave the “Land of Smiles” with a frown and an empty pocket.

A stone’s throw from the Grand Palace in Bangkok, the 26-year-old Canadian ran into a monk in a robe. The monk told him that the attraction he was hoping to visit had been closed.

The monk then introduced Mukerji to a jewellery store instead. On the way there, three different people told him that it was the last day of a once-a-year, tax-free jewellery promotion to encourage tourism.

They said that tourists can make a lot of money by buying gems（寶石）in Thailand and selling them once at home.

Two hours later, Mukerji had spent US $ 1, 250 on a set of almost worthless jewellery in the jewellery store.

“The whole process took me by surprise. They take advantage of your greed,” he said.

In fact, Mukerji is just one of a huge number of tourists who are cheated by the promise of making a fortune. The scam（詭計）brings Thailand more than US $ 10 million each year.

Although tourist police stations have displayed posters to warn of the scam, many fresh-faced tourists still fall prey to the trick.

The police say they receive 5～10 complaints a day. Many more may not realize they have been cheated until they go back home.

That authorities say that the jewellery scam is harmful to Thailand’s image, but getting rid of the cheats is hard.

Sanit Miphan, head of the police, said the scam has been running for about 15 years but not one jewellery shop owner has been arrested.

The shops usually open for two weeks and then close. They reopen and register under a new name. What’s more, overcharging（要價過高）itself is not breaking the law.

Yet, to keep the tourism business alive, the police said they would take action against any shop receiving more than 10 complaints.

73. Sandeep Mukerji was cheated probably because of all the following EXCEPT that_______.

A. he was young

B. he believed that the monk wouldn’t cheat others

C. he had more or less the wish to try his fortune

D. the cheat scam was too skillful to be found out

74. How many people cheated Sandeen Mukerji?

A. Two         B. Three       C. Four           D. Five

75. Suppose everyone who was cheated lost as much as Mukerji did, how many visitors to Bankok would be cheated each year?

A. About 6, 000   B. About 8, 000   C. About 10, 000.    D. About12, 000.

76. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Thai tourist police are carrying out their task very efficiently.

B. The management of Thai tourist market is very strict.

C. Any shop receiving complaints will be punished as seriously as possible.

D. It is hard for the police to crack down（制裁） the cheats efficiently partly because many cheats’ deeds seem not to break the law.

It has always been said that women are not good drivers, because they simply don’t have very good driving ability. On the other hand, most car accidents happen to men; very few happen to women.

From this, we can see that women are much more careful while driving. Another very interesting fact is that in the past, women preferred to let their husbands be the only driver in the family rather than have a driving license. Somehow they were prevented from making this step in their life, but nowadays there are many women that want to pass their driving tests at an early age.

However, we have to admit that men are more skillful drivers than women, but this does not mean that a woman cannot become a good driver by accumulating (積累) experience. So more and more teenagers and women around the age of thirty now want to pass their driving tests. While taking their driving lessons, they also have a number of special lessons with their parents or somebody in the family that has a driving license. This is just to improve their driving abilities and help them to pass the tests more easily.

To conclude, we can say that women are not such bad drivers. They just need more experience than men in order to be able to drive well. And on the other hand, there are a number of women that show better driving skills than the men around them.

56. Compared with the past, nowadays many women ________.

A. prefer to have a driving license                   B. have more accidents while driving

C. are somehow prevented from driving                    D. are the only driver in the family

57. What advantage do women have over men in driving?

A. They have more skills.                                         B. They are much more careful.

C. They know more traffic rules.                       D. They have more driving experience.

58. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Teenage girls cannot take driving tests.                 

B. Men didn’t allow women to drive in the past.

C. With enough experience, women can become good drivers.

D. Women can easily pass their tests by taking driving lessons.

59. The passage mainly talks about ________.

A. women and their driving ability             

B. men and their driving ability

C. why men are better drivers than women         

D. why more women like to have a driving license

KFC, McDonald’s and Pizza Hut… These fast food restaurants constantly remind us of the American fondness with hamburgers, chips and pizza. But America’s reputation as the home of fast food is under threat from the British, according to research carried out by the BBC in 13 nations among 9,000 people.

Though they are afraid of putting on weight, the study found the British are more interested in junk food than any other nation. Almost half of British respondents (參與調(diào)查者) said they enjoyed fast food too much to give it up. About 44 percent in the US claimed they would be unable to stop eating burgers, pizzas and chicken wings, making the country second in the world’s junk food league. The third place went to the United Arab Emirates, where 35 percent are junk-food lovers.

The research also found that attitudes to food and weight vary wildly around the world. Those in the UK and US believed lack of self-discipline (自律) was the main factor behind growing waistlines. They can’t deny themselves hamburger or extra piece of pizza, but “make themselves feel better by washing it down with a diet coke”, the study suggested.

The French, on the other hand, seem to keep a watchful eye on their weight. They get on the scales every day. Only 19 percent of the French surveyed admitted a fondness for fast food. It is said that the French valued the combination of good food and company. Sharing classic food and time with loved ones is the key to the French sensibility. “French people take care of their image as a matter of course. Being thin is part of our culture and a point of pride. We are known for it,” said Thierry Pailleux.

57. Which of the following shows the correct percentage of people in the research fond of junk food? 

58. The research suggests that _______________.

A. Americans love fast food and are proud of the fast food they eat

B. those British who love fast food do not care about their body weight

C. the British would like to think that other food they eat make up for eating occasional fast food

D. most people love fast food as they don’t think such food will lead to their growing waistlines

59. According to Thierry Pailleux, the French are less obsessed with fast food than the British and Americans because ____________.

A. they value their image               B. they have better foods than other countries

C. they value self-discipline             D. they fear criticism for an unhealthy diet

60. The article is mainly about a study of ____________.

A. the relationship between fast food and body weight

B. why fast food is popular in many foreign countries

C. different countries’ attitudes towards body weight  

D. how popular fast food is in different countries

WASHINGTON — Money can buy happiness, but only if you spend it on someone else, according to researchers.

       Spending as little as $5 a day on someone else could significantly boost happiness, the team at the University of British Columbia and Harvard Business School found on Thursday.

       Their experiments on more than 630 Americans showed they were measurably happier when they spent money on others --- even if they thought spending the money on themselves would make them happier.

       “We wanted to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn,” said Elizabeth Dunn, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia.

       They asked their 600 volunteers first to rate their general happiness, report their annual income and detail their monthly spending including bills, gifts for themselves, gifts for others and donations to charity.

       “Regardless of how much income each person made, those who spent money on others reported greater happiness, while those who spent more on themselves did not,” Dunn said in a statement.

       Dunn’s team also surveyed 16 employees at a company in Boston before and after they received an annual profit-sharing bonus of between $3,000 and $8,000.

       “Employees who devoted more of their bonus to pro-social spending experienced greater happiness after receiving the bonus, and the manner in which they spent that bonus was a more important predictor of their happiness than the size of the bonus itself,” they wrote in their report, published in the journal Science.

       “Finally, participants who were randomly (隨機地) required to spend money on others experienced greater happiness than those required to spend money on themselves,” they said.

       They gave their volunteers $5 or $20 and half got clear instructions on how to spend it. Those who spent the money on someone or something else reported feeling happier about it.

       “These findings suggest that very minor adjustment in spending allocations (分配) --- as little as $5 --- may be enough to produce real gains in happiness on a given day,” Dunn said.

       This could also explain why people are no happier even though US society is richer.

       “Indeed, although real incomes have increased dramatically in recent decades, happiness levels have remained largely flat within developed countries across time,” they wrote.

58. Dune’s experiment on 630 Americans was to ________. 

       A. help people make careful plans for their money      B. encourage people to be generous to others

       C. see how to spend money is important to happiness  D. test whether $5 is enough to buy happiness

59. What can we conclude according to the experiment?

       A. Happiness largely depends on the size of your bonus money.

       B. Happiness, as a matter of fact, has nothing to do with money.

       C. The more money you give away, the happier person you will be.

       D. Spending money for the good of society will make you happier.

60. How many different ways are used by the researchers to test their theory?

       A. Two.   B. Three. C. Four.  D. Five.

61. The last sentence of the passage means _______.

       A. happiness does not necessary increase as money grows

       B. people in richer countries actually have more problems

       C. fast economic growth has a bad effect on people’s life

       D. great increase of income contributes to keeping happiness level stable

Last year, Jack Bleed cut through the bone of his ring finger while working. The 31-year-old resident of North Little Rock, Arkansas, waited for about six hours at a nearby medical center while the medical staff there called all over town — even as far away as Dallas and Memphis — to find a hand surgeon to reattach his finger. Finally, a willing doctor was located in Louisville, Kentucky. But even though Bleed had insurance(保險), he would have to hire a private plane to get himself there, at a cost of $4,300. In the end, he charged the cost to two credit cards, and his finger was saved. His insurance company eventually covered the cost of the plane, but his experience makes people aware of the fact that trauma(外傷) care in the United States is not only geographically limited, but in many places, non-existent.

Only eight states — New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Illinois, New Mexico, California, Oregon, and Washington — have local, fully functional trauma systems. The remaining states have partial systems, and 12 — including Arkansas — have no trauma system at all.

Although the President has signed a bill of $12 million for the purpose of supporting trauma care systems nationwide, many in Congress(國會) are unwilling to spend government money for a service they think should be paid for by states, says Wayne Meredith, medical director for trauma programs at the American College of Surgeons. Meanwhile, many states have also failed to find the dollars to support trauma systems. To make matters worse, many people without insurance depend heavily on the emergency care services, placing a huge financial burden on the medical centers that serve them.

For the same reason, doctors, too, often go unpaid. They are unwilling to perform emergency care, worsening critical shortages of neurosurgeons, orthopedists, and hand surgeons — the very types of specialists Bleed needed at short notice. 

Supporting a trauma care system doesn’t take much. A half-penny sales tax in Miami-Dade County makes its outstanding system work. In Arkansas alone, says Wayne Meredith, a well-funded trauma system would possibly prevent 200 to 600 deaths each year. If trauma care systems were to work well across the nation, experts say, many thousands of lives each year could be saved. “You don’t get much better return on your investment than that,” Meredith says.

77. In Paragraph 1, the writer uses Bleed’s case to ______.

A. make a comparison                               B. describe a person

C. introduce a topic                                          D. tell a story

78. Many people in Congress argue that trauma care systems should be supported by ______.

A. the President                                       B. each state

C. insurance companies                              D. the US government

79. The example of Miami-Dade County shows that ______.

A. its tax policy is admirable                      B. running a trauma system is profitable

C. a trauma system is not expensive            D. sales tax is not heavy in small counties

80. Why are the present trauma care systems in some states not satisfactory?

A. They are shared by all the states.                    B. They are short of financial support.

C. The doctors are not well trained.                    D. The hospitals can’t provide low-cost services.

For shopoholics, the post-Christmas period means only one thing ---- sales! Across the country, prices are reducing sharply on clothing, electronics and home furniture, but London is the place for serious shopping, and you can certainly pick up some amazing bargains.

The sales start on Boxing Day — 26th December, and continue for the month of January, but the keenest bargain hunters get there early to be first through the doors. In Oxford Street queues formed outside shops ahead of before-dawn openings for the start of their sales. At Brent Cross, in north London, more than 1,000 people were queuing at 3.30 am for the ‘Next’ clothing store’s sale which began at 4 am. Some eager individuals even camped outside the shops to be first in the line.

Consumers who hit the shops were rewarded with discounts of as much as 80% as department stores joined the bargain sales. The shops are very crowded as the sales reached the boiling-point, with more than half a million people gathering on London’s West End.

Famous sales include the biggest, most popular shops such as Harrods, Selfridges, Liberty and John Lewis. Department stores are always a good bet — you’re likely to find everything you need under one roof, including much-needed food and drinks!

It’s a good time to stock up on cheap small tools, and there’s no better time to invest in some designer clothes.

Some people are taking their partners shopping with them, and buying their Christmas presents in the sale----a practical but unromantic way of making sure you get the gift you really want. For a less exciting but less stressful shopping experience, online sellers are also getting in on the act with January sales of their own.

The most organized of all are those who are already doing their present shopping for next Christmas, in the January sales!

49. In the sales, people can buy, at a very low price, all of the following except ______.

       A. fashionable clothing  B. bestseller      C. TV sets            D. bookcases

50. We can learn from the passage that the sales ______.

       A. actually start before the end of December B. generally last for two months

       C. basically benefit none of the people  D. are a time to buy Christmas gifts in a romantic way

51. “Hit the shops” in the third paragraph means to ______.

       A. attack the shops        B. arrive at the shops

       C. affect the shops         D. find the shops

52.   What is the best title for this passage?

       A. January Sales           B. Sales in London at Christmas

       C. Practical but Unromantic Shopping  D. Shopping under One Roof

China’s graduates will find it harder than ever to get jobs in the coming years, as China’s economy slows down and unemployment rises.

Experts say a chronic（長期的）over-supply of graduates and a shortage of “high end” jobs had already been causing difficulties, but the mass lay-offs and business closures （倒閉）in recent months have made the situation even worse.

Chinese Prime Minister Wen Jiabao has told students that the problem of graduate employment is “at the top of the government’s agenda(議事日程) .”

Six and half million graduates in China will be looking for a job over the next year.

The government says it is going to try to create nine million jobs for them and for those from previous years who are still unemployed. That will not be easy though. Economic development in China is expected by some to fall below the figure of 8%.

There are three problems for the new graduates to deal with. Firstly, the economic slowdown here means there are fewer jobs available. Secondly, widespread redundancies（冗余） mean there are more experienced people than there might have been in previous years, trying to secure the same jobs as them. Thirdly, there are many graduates from previous years who are still jobless.

Cao Shanshan, studying exhibition planning and management at Shanghai Business School, said everyone thought it would be easy for her to get a job when she graduated, because Shanghai will host the World Expo in 2010. But even though she has had dozens of interviews at job fairs, she has not managed to land the kind of job she wanted. “I’ve ended up with an intern（實習(xí)）job,” she says, “which has nothing to do with my major.” She says she is earning about $230 a month, more than many of her classmates who have had to take jobs that give them half that, but far less than she had hoped for. “I might go back to school to study for a master’s degree because it’s so hard,” she says. “Hopefully, finding a job will be easier with a higher qualification.”

 78. What does the passage mainly discuss?

   A. The government will create more jobs for the graduates.

   B. It is difficult for the graduates to find a job

   C. Cao Shanshan doesn’t find an ideal job.

   D. To find a good job easily, graduates must go back to school for master’s degrees .

79. The underlined word “That” in the text refers to ________________.

   A. Developing the economy      B. Reducing the number of graduates 

C. Looking for jobs             D. Creating nine million jobs for graduates

80. According to the text, the possible reasons for the problem of graduate employment are the following EXCEPT that __________________.

   A. too many graduates appear every year and there are not enough “high end” jobs

 B. a great number of workers have been out of employment and a lot of business has closed  

   C. the expectation to find a satisfying job from graduates is too high

   D. China’s economy slows down because of the global economic crisis.