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Make the benefits most, reduce the drawbacks least

Hosting the Olympics successfully is, perhaps, the greatest glory for a city. However, before turning the dream into reality, the benefits and drawbacks of hosting the Olympics should be considered carefully.

Hosting the Olympics surely would bring about much gain to a city. Boom （繁榮）of the local economy, more jobs, and the possibility of creating income all sound extremely attractive to the city government. At the same time, better infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施), cleaner environment, enjoying the wonderful game with hundreds of sports elites (精英) and entertainment stars, and the opportunity of contacting people from all over the world also seem exciting to the citizens. Besides, the hosting will definitely promote the patriotic（愛(ài)國(guó)的） emotion and pride, as well as the moral behavior in local people. In most cases, hosting the Olympics is well supported by both the public and the central government.

But this is not the entire view of the pretty picture. If we look from another angle, the Olympic hosting might bring about some side-effects to a city.

First, the environmental impacts, including the increasing waste smoke of cars, more pressure on water resources, huge amount of wasted leaflets and other materials used for public activities, are most probably neglected. In order to broaden the streets, some trees may have to be cut. Near the construction site, the tiny dust may float in the air for a long time. Reduction of farmland may be caused by the need of setting up new sports centre or accommodation facilities. These environmental consequences can be especially serious in a resource-limited and thickly-populated city in a third-world country. Second, if talking about the economic benefit, it should not be forgotten that a quick increase may lead to bubble (泡沫) growth, which may easily crash. If not well managed and organized, the big event may not be so profitable, and the new facilities may be forever empty after the games. Yes, there have been cases that host cities ended up with enormous debts.

No one stops eating merely because too much food might hurt his stomach and make him ill. Since we have bid for it, what we can do is to make the benefits most and reduce the drawbacks least.

       Pollution is an environmental concern for people all over the world. A study suggests that pollutants in the water, air and soil lead to more than 40 percent of the premature（未成年的）deaths in the world’s population. The majority of these deaths occur in the developing countries.

       Water in many third world countries is polluted with chemicals. The World Health Organization (WHO) says that 1.1 billion people have little or no access to clean water. Most developing countries cannot afford water treatment facilities. Approximately 80% of infectious diseases in the world are caused by contaminated water.

       Air pollution is a growing problem throughout the world. Indoor air pollution is one of the leading causes of lung cancer. Families in developing countries use open stoves for cooking and heating their homes. These homes do not have proper ventilation（通風(fēng)）. The smoke, which is full of chemicals gets trapped inside where families eat and sleep. Outdoor air pollution also causes diseases and illness, especially in industrial cities. Some developing countries rely heavily on coal, which is considered the dirtiest source of energy. In those countries, less than 5% of city people breathe clean air on an average day. Acid rain results mainly from the coal powered factories. Outdoor air pollution is also a concern in many wealthy countries. Those who live and work in urban centers such as Los Angeles or Toronto experience many warm days beneath a layer of smog. As more people move urban centers, premature deaths caused by pollution are expected to increase worldwide.

72.   What is the text mainly about?

A. Some knowledge about water and air pollution.

       B. The differences between water and air pollution.

       C. Pollution---an environmental concern.

       D. The differences between indoor and outdoor air pollution.

73.   The underlined word “contaminated” in Para.2 probably means__________.

       A. used                               B. salty                                C. polluted                           D. clean

74. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

       A. Coal is the least clean natural resource.

       B. The smoke from the stoves may lead to lung cancer.

       C. Premature deaths are increasing in the world.

       D. Outdoor air pollution only occurs in developing countries.

75.   What will be most probably discussed in the following paragraph?

       A. Solutions of pollution                             B. Soil pollution.

       C. Effects of pollution.                               D. Noise pollution.

       Life is just a joke most of the time. The problem is that most people treat this joke very seriously. Life is given to us to enjoy and have fun. We always see lots of sorrow and unhappiness around us. The amazing fact is that most of this sorrow and unhappiness is our creation. It’s the weak point of society. We make most of our mistakes in life due to our greed or because we are forced to do this by the society. Because of this, we missed many beautiful moments in life.

       Life is full of many exciting things which help us all enjoy it. We were all born in this world with no thoughts or desires. A child only wants to enjoy his or her life. However, we burden these innocent souls from childhood with lots of expectations and desires. In this way a circle of expectations and desires starts moving in the mind of every person. A child finds it difficult to go with the changing world and he ends up becoming an unhappy person. Enjoying life is a great art which very few people know on this earth.

       To enjoy life, a person is required to have a deep insight into life, free from all the worldly things. We all know that there are many people who, even after living in big houses, are unhappy and that there are strange wanderers（流浪者）who are in endless happiness even though they have nothing. This is a strange reality of life which many mystics （神秘人士）around the world have tried to explain. Life looks strange to people who do not understand it and it becomes an exciting joke for those who have mastered it. Don’t take life too seriously and enjoy it fully.

68.   Which of the following is the weak point of society according to Paragraph1?

       A. Most people always teat life as a joke.            B. People don’t treat life seriously.

       C. People always make a lot of mistakes.           D. People create a lot of sorrow and unhappiness.

69.   Some people made mistakes and missed the beautiful moments in life because they___________.

       A. were very poor and had no houses to live in

       B. were greedy or forced by the society to do things

       C. didn’t get education when they were young

       D. treated everyday life very seriously

70.   It can be inferred from the last paragraph that___________.

       A. life is full of mysteries                                  B. life is full of happiness

       C. happiness is only a view of life                      D. happiness comes from plenty of wealth

71.   What is the main idea of the passage?

       A. Life is a big joke.                                          B. Life is not full of fun.

       C. Jokes are useful in life.                                 D. Seriousness leads to sadness.

　　　 The interview has been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well. Then, suddenly, the interviewer asks an unexpected question, “Which is more important, law or love?”

　　　 Job applicants in the West increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this. And the signs are that this is beginning to happen in China.

　　　 Employers want people who are skilled, enthusiastic and devoted. So these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicant will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are. In response, employers are increasingly using the questions which try and show the applicant’s true personality.

　　　 The question in the first paragraph comes from a test called the Kersey Temperament Sorter. It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems, rather than what they know. This is often called aptitude（天資）test.

　　　 According to Mark Baldwin of Alliance, many job applicants in China are finding this type of questions difficult. “When a Chinese fills out an aptitude test, he or she will think there is a right answer but they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see.”

　　　 This is sometimes called the prisoner’s dilemma. Applicants are trying to act cleverly in their own interest, but they fail because they don’t understand what the interviewer is looking for. Remember that in an aptitude test, the correct answer is the honest answer.

64.　 What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

　　　 A. To describe an aptitude test.

　　　 B. To give job interviewees a piece of advice.

　　　 C. To tell you how to find a good job.　　　　

　　　 D. To tell you how to answer the unexpected questions.

65.　 Nowadays, employers want to hire workers who____________.

　　　 A. know more than others　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. are more skilled than others

　　　 C. solve problems better than others D. are more enthusiastic than others

66.　 We can infer from the passage that___________.

　　　 A. aptitude test is becoming world-wide popular

　　　 B. applicants should prepare every answer for the problem

　　　 C. more and more applicants can’t find a job

　　　 D. job applicants are always asked some unexpected questions.

67.　 In the opinion of the author, a Chinese applicants should___________.

　　　 A. offer a perfect answer

B. not tell the truth

　　　 C. learn to tell what they really think 　

D. find out what the examiner wants to know

Sometimes, something that is considered to be negative turns out to be an advantage on the job. Though he is only 18 years old and blind, Suleyman Gokyigit is among the top computer technicians and programmers at InteliData Technologies Corp. a large software company with several offices across the United States.

“After our company united with another one last October, two different computer networks were driving us crazy,” recalls Douglas Braun, the InteliData president. “We couldn’t even send e-mail to each other.” In three weeks, Mr. Gokyigit created the software needed to connect the two networks. “None of the company’s 350 other employees could have done the job in three months,” says Mr. Braun. “Sulyman can ‘see’ into the heart of the computer.”

Mr. Bokyigit’s gift, as Mr. Braun calls it, is an unusual ability to form an idea of the inside of a machine. “The computer permits me to reach out into the world and do almost anything I want to do,” says Mr. Gokyigit.

The young programmer is at home with hardware as well, thanks partly to a highly developed sense of touch. Mitzi Nowakowski, an office manager at InteliData, remembers how he easily disconnected and reconnected their computer systems during a move last year. “Through feel, Suleyman can find the position of connectors, pins and wires much faster than most other people with sight,” he says.

Much of the student programmer’s speed comes from his ability not to be interrupted while at the computer. When typing, he listens carefully to the synthesizer（合成器）. His long, thin fingers fly over the keyboard. “Nothing seems to shake his attention,” says Mrs. Nowakowski, his boss.

Mr. Gokyigit is the only company employee who is available 24 hours a day. “We consider him our top problem solver.” says Mr. Braun.

60. According to Mr. Braun, Suleyman___________.

　　　 A. has united InteliData Technologies Corp. with another computer company

　　　 B. is the best technician in the world

　　　 C. has done a hard job in three months

　　　 D. can work wonders on computer

61.　 The underlined part “is at home with hardware”(paragraph4) means____________.

A. is good at dealing with computer hardware

B. is fond of computer hardware

C. works with computer hardware at home

D. feels comfortable when working with computer hardware

62.　 Sulyeman was quick while at the computer mostly because of__________.

　　　 A. his blindness B. his attention on the synthesizer

　　　 C. his long, thin fingers D. his ability not to be interrupted

63.　 What does the text mainly tell us?

　　　 A. Computer technicians are more likely to be gifted.

　　　 B. One’s disadvantages may prove to be advantages.

　　　 C. The disabled can also play an important role in society.

　　　 D. Top computer scientists have unusual abilities to form ideas of computers.

With only two weeks to go before Christmas, buying presents is a high priority for a lot of people. However, this year not so many people are leaving their homes to browse around the shops. These days lots of people do their shopping in the comfort of their own home with the help of the Internet.

Online shopping is becoming more and more popular for a number of reasons: prices are often lower online, you don’t have to queue up in busy shops and you can buy almost any product imaginable with just a few clicks of your mouse.

Computer trends are often man-dominated but this year women are expected to do more shopping on the Internet than men. It seems that women are now more attracted to the convenience of online shopping than they used to be.

Average spending online this Christmas by women will rise to $ 240 compared to the slightly lower average $233 for men, while the average spending per person on the high street is only $197. 70% of Internet users, male and female, are now buying their Christmas gifts online.

In the past a lot of people were unwilling to shop online. Many were worried about the security of entering their card details on the Internet and the reliability of the Internet but as shopping online has become more widespread, these worries have begun to disappear. 45% of Internet users still do have security worries but it hasn’t slowed the ever-increasing numbers of online shoppers.

One victim of the online shopping boom is the UK high street. Christmas trading can represent up to 60% of turnover for some stores. Many companies are concerned that not enough shoppers are coming through their doors in the run-up to Christmas. As a result there are lots of special offers in the shops. Most shops traditionally have sales after Christmas but this year the bargains have come early.

56. Why don’t people browse around the shops to buy Christmas presents this year?

       A. Because they don’t have enough time.

       B. Because Christmas is two weeks away.

       C. Because they go shopping on the Internet.

       D. Because it isn’t convenient for them to leave their houses.

57.   Which of the following is NOT the reason for people liking online shopping?

       A. Lower prices.                                              B. Buying almost whatever you want.

       C. Saving time.                                                D. Using the bank cards.

58.   Why were people unwilling to shop online in the past?

       A. Because there were fewer goods on the Internet.

       B. Because people worried about the safety of their bank cards.

       C. Because they didn’t trust the quality of the goods on the Internet.

       D. Because men were against shopping online.

59.   Many companies on the UK high street have special offers before Christmas___________.

       A. to attract more customers                             B. to beat online shops

       C. to reduce the competitions among them          D. to reward the customers

What do Chinese college graduates have in common with ants? The recent 36 　Ant Tribes about the life of some young people 　37 flock （群集）to Beijing after 38 　university, describes the graduates as ants, smart but 39 as individuals, living together in communities.

The book, which 　40 two years of interviews with about 600 low-income college graduates in Beijing, 41 in mid-September, about a month ahead of an announcement by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security that 74% of the 6.11 million new graduates from universities and colleges had been 42 　by Sept.1.

The book’s chief editor, Lian Sir, says that the piece of statistic says 43 　about the real situation for many of these graduates. “I am always 　 44 how many of these employed college graduates are leading a happy life,” Lian said. “I hope this book could offer a window on these graduates, whose stories are　 45 known.”

The setting of the book is several so-called “settlement villages for college students” in the outskirts （市郊） of Beijing, where 46 college graduates 47 　. Most of these graduates work for 　48 or medium-sized（中型的） businesses, 49 less than 2,000 Yuan a month. They live together because it’s 　50　 : The rent in these communities is only around 350 Yuan a month. Many of them travel several hours a day for short-term jobs or job interviews.

Tangjialing, a small 51 20 kilometers from Tian’anmen Square, has around 3,000 52 villagers, but has become a 53 for more than 50,000 migrants （移民）, most of whom 54 from universities or colleges all over the country. The students live in the five or six-storey buildings built by local farmers with 12 rooms on each floor and two or three people crammed （擠） together in each room of about 10 square meters．Up to 70 or 80 people 　55　 the same toilet and kitchen.

36. A. film 　　　　　　　　 　　　 B. story 　　　　　　　　　 C. book　 　　　　　　　　　 D. magazine

37. A. what　　　　　　　　　 　　　 B. who　　　　　　　　 　　　 C. which　　　　　　　 　　　 D. why

38. A. leaving　 　　　　　 　　　 B. entering 　　　　　　　 C. visiting 　　　　　　　　　 D. enjoying

39. A. necessary 　　　 　　　 B. meaningless 　　　　　 C. important 　　　　　　 D. strong

40. A. is determined by 　　　 B. is set in C. is based on D. is taken from

41. A. came up 　　　　　　　　　 B. came on 　　　　　　　　 C. came along 　　　　　　 D. came out

42. A. fired　 　　　　　　　　　　 B. interviewed 　　　　　 C. employed 　　　　 　　　 D. trained

43. A. much 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 B. little　 　　　　　　　　　 C. some 　　　　　　　 　　　 D. more

44. A. wondering　 　　　　　 B. researching 　　　　　 C. searching 　　　　　　 　　　 D. telling

45. A. seldom　 　　　　 　　　 B. well　　 　　　　　　　　 C. always 　　　　　　　　　 D. often

46. A. few　 　　　　　　　　　 B. a small number of　　 C. a few D. a large number of

47. A. work 　　　　　　　　　　 B. go　 　　　　　　　　　　 C. relax 　　　　　　　　　　 D. live

48. A. small　 　　　　　　　　　 B. big　 　　　　　　　　　 C. famous 　　　　　　　　 D. unknown

49. A. thinking　 　　　　 　　　 B. earning 　　　　　 　　　 C. shopping 　　　　　　　 D. paying

50. A. expensive 　　　　 　　　 B. comfortable 　　　　　 C. cheap 　　　　　　　　　 D. convenient

51. A. city　　 　　　　　　　　　 B. town　　 　　　 　　　 C. community 　　　　　　 D. village

52. A. original 　　　　　　　　　 B. young　 　　　 　　　 C. rich 　　　　　　　　　　　 D. poor

53. A. school 　　　　　　　　　 B. home　　 　　　 　　　 C. hotel 　　　　　　　　　　 D. company

54. A. come　 　　　　　　　　　 B. differ　 　　　　　　　　 C. graduate 　　　 　　　 D. suffer

55. A. clean 　　　　　　　　 　　　 B. build 　　　　　　 　　 C. live 　　　　　　　　 　　　 D. share

　　　 Nowhere else in the world________ more attractive country scenery than in Wales.

　　　 A. you enjoy B. can you enjoy C. you can enjoy D. enjoy you

       On the lawn in the park lies a boy, _________ mother seated beside him, listening to music.

       A. his                           B. whose                      C. and his                     D. who

       ---So you have known Della?

       ---Yes. It was last week ________ I surfed the Internet.

       A. where                      B. that                          C. when                       D. why