Do you want to love what you do for a living? Follow your passion. This piece of advice provides the foundation for modern thinking on career satisfaction. But this can be a problem.

I've spent the past several years researching and writing about the different strategies we use to seek happiness in our work. It became clear early in the process that the suggestion to “follow your passion” was flawed (有缺陷), for it lacks scientific evidence. However, it doesn't mean you should abandon the goal of feeling passionate about your work. The reality emphasizes that things are quite complicated.

Passion is earned. Different people are looking for different things in their work, but generally, people with satisfying careers enjoy some combination of the following features: autonomy，respect, competence, creativity, and a sense of impact. In other words，if you want to feel passionate about your livelihood，don't seek the perfect job，but seek to get more of these features in the job you already have.

Passion is elusive (難捉摸的). Many people develop the rare and valuable skills leading to passion, but still end up unhappy in their work. The problem is that the features leading you to love your work are more likely to be useful to you than your organization. As you become increasingly “valuable”，for example, your boss might push you toward traditional promotions that come with more pay and more responsibility, as this is what is most useful to your company. However, you might find more passion by applying your value to gain autonomy in your schedule or project selection.

Passion is dangerous. I've watched too many of my peers fall into anxiety and chronic(慢性的) job-hopping (跳槽) due to the “follow your passion” advice. The issue is expectations. If you believe we all have a pre-existing passion, and that matching it to a job will lead to instant workplace happiness, reality will always pale in comparison.

Work is hard. Not every day is fun. If you're seeking a dream job, you'll end up frustrated, again and again. Don't set out to discover passion. Instead, set out to develop it. This path might be longer and more complicated than what most cheerful career guides might advocate, but it's a path much more likely to lead you somewhere worth going.

67. People satisfied with their careers are _______.

A. autonomous and passionate        B. creative and passionate

C. respectable and sensitive                D. creative and competent

68. What is the author's advice on achieving career satisfaction?

A. Figuring out early what one will do in the future.

B. Matching the pre-existing passion to one's work.

C. Developing passion for what one is doing.

D. Discovering skills that lead to interesting careers.

69. The underlined sentence in Para. 5 probably means that _______.

A. it is not easy to match our passion with our jobs

B. we shouldn't think everyone has a pre-existing passion

C. workplace happiness does not require a pre-existing passion

D. high expectations of passion in jobs bring disappointment

70. What's the author's attitude towards the advice of “following your passion”?

A. Disapproving.    B. Supportive.         C. Cautious.       D. Unclear.    

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   D. High school graduates preparing for college entrance examination.

65. People can get a Specialized Associate Degree by _____________.

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Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities (operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders (教會) or other non-profit groups.

Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government’s Public Health Service.

Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100,000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would-be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20,000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10,000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency (實習階段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.

Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other’s patients in emergencies.

Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.

60. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _____.

A. a church             B. a city         C. a corporation            D. a state

61. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?

A. About twelve years.                         B. Eight years.          

C. Ten years.                                    D. About seven year.

62. Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______.

A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them

B. they can take turns to work long hours

C. no one wants to assume too much responsibility

D. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder

63. Which of the following statements could fully express the author’s view towards physicians’ payment in the USA?

A. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.

B. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay.

C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.

D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.

Sam Walton, the founder of Wal-Mart, was born in Kingfish, Oklahoma on March 29, 1918. He was raised in Missouri where he worked in his father’s store while attending school. This was his first retailing (零售業(yè)) experience and he really enjoyed it. After graduation, he began his own career as a retail merchant.

He soon opened his first Wal-Mart store in 1962 in Rogers, Arkansas. Wal-Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success. Soon a chain of Wal-Mart stores sprang up across rural America.

Walton's management style was popular with employees and he founded some of the basic concepts of management that are still in use today.

After taking the company public in 1970, Walton introduced his “profit sharing plan”. The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal-Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store. Sam Walton believed that “individuals don't win, teams do”. Employees at Wal-Mart stores were offered stock options (認股權(quán)) and store discounts. These benefits are commonplace today, but Walton was among the first to implement (實現(xiàn)) them. Walton believed that a happy employee meant happy customers and more sales. He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company’s success, they would care about the company.

By the 1980s, Wal-Mart had sales of over one billion dollars and over three hundred stores across North America. Wal-Mart’s unique decentralized (分散的) distribution system, also Walton’s idea, created the edge needed to further encourage growth in the 1980s during growing complaints that the “superstore” was stopping smaller and traditional stores from developing. By 1991, Wal-Mart was the largest US retailer with 1,700 stores. Walton remained active in managing the company, as president and CEO until 1988 and chairman until his death. He was awarded the Medal of Freedom shortly before his death.

56. Sam Walton first made a hit in retailing when __________.

A. he worked in his father’s store               

B. he created Walton's management style

C. a chain of Wal-Mart stores sprang up across rural America

D. he specialized in name brands at low prices

57. What is the purpose of Walton’s carrying out “profit sharing plan”?

A. To make sure all the employees had their own shares.

B. To encourage the employees to work hard and make joint efforts.

C. To select excellent employees for his stores.

D. To make more profit for himself.

58. Which of the statements is TRUE?

A. With Walton’s management style, employees treated the stores as their own.

B. Walton wasn’t one of the merchants who first implemented stock options.

C. The smaller and traditional stores were well affected by Walton’s stores.

D. In his old age, Walton gave all the management to his men.

59. What does the underlined word “edge” in the last paragraph mean here?

A. Danger.       B. Disadvantage.         C. Advantage.        D. System.

Debbie Macomber decided to pursue her dream of becoming a writer. She rented a typewriter, put it on the __36__ table and began typing each morning after the kids went to school. __37__ the kids came home, she moved it and made them dinner. When they were __38__ she got it back and typed some more.

Debbie followed this __39__ for two years. She had become a struggling writer and she loved every minute of it. One night, __40__, her husband, Wayne, said, “Honey, I’m sorry, but you’re not __41__ any income. We can’t do this anymore. We can’t survive on just what I make.” That night, her heart was __42__. Debbie knew, with all of the __43__ of keeping up a house, working 40 hours a week would __44__ her no time to write.

Seeing her __45__, her husband asked, “What’s wrong?” “I really think I can make it as a __46__.” “All right, honey, go for it,” Wayne __47__ for a long time and then said.

So Debbie returned to her __48__ and her typewriter on the kitchen table, writing for another two years. Wayne worked harder and their kids went without vacations and wore hand-me-downs. But the sacrifice finally __49__. 

Debbie sold her first book after five years of __50__. Then another. And another. Until today, Debbie has __51__ more than 100 books, many of __52__ have become New York Times best-sellers. Over 60 million copies of her books are in print.

And Wayne? His selfless __53__ of his wife paid off. He got to retire at 50 and now spends his free time building a private airplane in the basement of their 7,000 square-foot mansion. __54__, Debbie’s kids also got a gift more important than several summer camps. As adults, they __55__ what Debbie gave them was far more important — persistence and encouragement to pursue their own dreams.

36.   A. coffee                    B. bedside                    C. kitchen                    D. dressing

37.   A. Unless                     B. When                       C. Though                    D. Wherever

38.   A. asleep                      B. awake                     C. free                         D. convenient

39.   A. standard                   B. suggestion               C. tradition                   D. routine

40.   A. therefore                 B. however                  C. somehow                D. anyway

41.   A. making up               B. cutting down            C. finding out               D. bringing in

42.   A. broken                    B. warm                      C. touched                   D. cold

43.   A. abilities                    B. balances                  C. duties                      D. problems

44.   A. stop                        B. leave                       C. ensure                     D. permit

45.   A. achievements           B. behavior                  C. efforts                     D. sadness

46.   A. typist                      B. housewife                C. writer                      D. designer

47.   A. doubted                   B. compared                 C. delayed                    D. hesitated

48.   A. office                      B. dream                      C. state                      D. home

49.   A. paid off                   B. broke up                   C. came back               D. cleared up

50.   A. challenging              B. struggling                 C. thinking                   D. arguing

51.   A. collected                  B. published                 C. prepared                  D. translated

52.   A. them                      B. that                         C. it                            D. which

53.   A. support                   B. respect                    C. trust                        D. protection

54.   A. Surprisingly             B. Gratefully                 C. Gradually          D. Similarly

55.   A. admit                      B. realize                      C. wonder                   D. prove

 He may win the first prize in the national competition, _______ he is likely to be admitted to Peking University.

  A. in which case      B. in that case       C. in what case        D. in whose case

 I had just about given myself up for lost _________ I was spotted by a ship.

   A. when            B. while                C. as             D. until

 If you have a job, ______ yourself to it and finally you will succeed.

A. do devote        B. don’t devote          C. be devoting     D. to devote

 If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my _______ reaction will be to tell the police.

A. genuine          B. sensitive              C. immediate        D. independent

 They produced four reports, _______ of which contained any useful suggestions.

A. either           B. all                  C. none              D. neither