Loren Gladstone of Toronto is 58, but thinking over how to bequeath (遺贈) his digital property(財產). Doing the paperwork after his parents' death was a challenge. “When my time comes, I wonder if my children will even know what paper is，” he says. As a software developer, his virtual property is both valuable and vital to his business. That reflects a problem. Online lives have increasing economic and emotional value. But testamentary (遺囑) laws offer confusing and incomplete ways of bequeathing and inheriting (繼承) them.
Digital property may include software, websites, downloaded content, online gaming identities, social-media accounts and even e-mails. In Britain alone holdings of digital music may be worth over ￡9 billion ($14 billion). A fifth of respondents to a Chinese local-newspaper survey said they had over 5，000 yuan($790) of digital property. And value does not lie only in money.“Anyone with kids under 14 years old probably has two prints of them and the rest are in online galleries，”says Nathan Lustig of Entrustet, a company that helps people manage digital property.
Service providers have different rules—and few state them clearly in their terms and conditions. Many give users a personal right to use an account, but nobody else, even after death. Facebook allows relatives to close an account or turn it into a memorial page. Gmail (run by Google) will provide copies of e-mails to an executor (遺囑執(zhí)行人). Music downloaded via iTunes is held under a license which can be abolished on death. Apple declined to comment on the record on this or other policies. All e-mail and data on its iCloud service are deleted on the death of the owner.
This has led to cases to court in America. In 2004 the family of Justin Ellsworth, an army man killed in Iraq, took Yahoo! to court in Michigan to get copies of his e-mails. This year, a court in Oregon ruled that another American mother whose son had died could use her dead son's password to enter his Facebook account for a short period. Now five American states have made laws giving executors control over the social-networking accounts of dead users.
But this raises the subject of privacy. Passing music on is one thing; not everyone may want their relatives to read their e-mails. Colin Pearson, a London-based lawyer, says access should come only with a clear provision in a will.
But laws, wills and password safes may be contrary to the providers' terms of service, especially when the executor is in one country and the data in another. Headaches for the living and lots of lovely work for lawyers.
【小題1】Why does Loren begin to think over how to bequeath his digital property at the age of 58?

A．Because he is afraid his children don't know what paper is.

B．Because there's no complete law dealing with digital property.

C．Because his digital property is of great value and importance.

D．Because he is worried his children will be taken to court.

【小題2】Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A．Digital property is assessed in terms of nothing except money.

B．No laws in America have been made to deal with digital property.

C．The relatives may read the e－mail of the dead without permission.

D．Lawyers can make money through cases about digital property.

【小題3】Facebook, Google and Apple have a similar rule that ________．

A．users are offered accounts used by nobody else except users themselves

B．relatives of the dead may close an account or use it at their own will

C．the executor may enter the e－mail and read it by themselves at any time

D．the data downloaded by the dead will be copied and then deleted from net

【小題4】Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?

A．Digital Information	B．Testamentary Laws
C．Deathless Data	D．Vital Property

People are being lured (引誘）onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they're paying for it by giving up their personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.
Most Facebook users don't realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they're paying for Face book because people don't reallyknow what their personal data is worth.
The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook-you could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things— your city, your photo, your friends' names—were set, by default(默認)to be shared with every one on the Internet.
According to Facebook's vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don't share information, they have a "less satisfying experience".
Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the pages totally. Who wants to look at ads when they're online connecting with their friends?
The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. "I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them," Schrage admits.
I think that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it's only the beginning. That is why I'm considering deactivating(撤銷）my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I'm upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don't trust. That's too high a price to pay.
【小題1】Why do people give their personal information to Facebook according to Paragraph 1?

A．Because they can get some money from Facebook.

B．Because their information is not important.

C．Because they are promised to have a fun and free service.

D．Because they can also get other people's information.

【小題2】What does the author say about most Facebook users?

A．They are unwilling to give up their personal information.

B．They don't know their personal data enriches Facebook.

C．They don't identify themselves when using the website.

D．They care very much about their personal information.

【小題3】Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?

A．To give better service to its users.	B．To obey to the Federal guidelines.
C．To improve its users' connection.	D．To expand its business.

【小題4】Why does Senator Charles Schumer support publicly?

A．Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.

B．Banning the sharing of users' personal information.

C．Making regulations for social-networking sites.

D．Removing ads from all social-networking sites.

Children's lives have changed greatly over the last 50 years．But do they have a happier childhood than you or I did?
It's difficult to look back on one's own childhood without some element of nostalgia（懷舊的）．I have four brothers and sisters, and my memories are all about being with them．Playing board games on the living room floor, or spending days in the street with the other neighborhood children, racing up and down on our bikes, or exploring the nearby woods．My parents scarcely appear in these memories, except as providers either of meals or of severe blame after some particularly risky adventure．
These days, in the UK at least, the nature of childhood has changed dramatically．Firstly, families are smaller, and there are far more only children．It is common for both parents to work outside the home and there is the feeling that there just isn't time to bring up a large family, or that no one could possibly afford to have more than one child．As a result, today's boys and girls spend much of their time alone．Another major change is that youngsters today tend to spend a huge amount of their free time at home, inside．More than anything this is due to the fact that parents worry far more than they used to about real or imagined dangers, so they wouldn't dream of letting their children play outside by themselves．
Finally, the kind of toys children have and the way they play is totally different．Computer and video games have replaced the board games and more interesting activities of my childhood．The irony（令人啼笑皆非的事情） is that so many ways of playing games are called "interactive”．The fact that you can play electronic games on your own further increases the sense of loneliness felt by many young people today．
Do these changes mean that children today have a less relaxing childhood than I had? I personally believe that they do, but perhaps every generation feels exactly the same．
【小題1】What is the purpose of the direct question given in the first paragraph?

A．To show who the passage is written for

B．To gather people's opinions on childhood

C．To compare the childhood lives of two generations

D．To get people's attention and lead in the topic

【小題2】Which is NOT a reason for the changes?

A．Families are smaller today

B．Toys can be played by children alone at home

C．It's too dangerous to play outside

D．Parents worried too much about their children

【小題3】What has the writer focused on in the fourth paragraph?

A．Some games that young people play today aren't really good

B．Computer and video games have replaced the board games

C．Young people today shouldn't play electronic games

D．Board games are much more interesting than computer games

【小題4】The writer's attitude towards the childhood changing is _____．

A．approving

B．objective

C．unconcerned

D．optimistic

Fun is, in fact , a word heard far more frequently in families today than in the past , when “duty”and “responsibility ”were often the words used.Parents today are more youthful in appearance and attitudes. Their clothes and hair-styles are more casual, helping to bridge the divide. Those who are athletically inclined also enjoy Rollerblading, snowboarding, and rock-climbing with their children.
For the past three years, Kathy and Phil Dalby have spent at least one evening a week at a climbing gym with their three children. "It's great to be able to work together," Mrs Dalby says. "We discuss various climbs and where the hard parts are. Sometimes that leads to other Conversations. We're definitely closer."
A popular movement of parent effectiveness training in the 1970s has helped to reshape generational roles. The philosophy encourages children to describe their feelings about various situations. As a result, says Robert Billingham, a family-studies professor at Indiana University, "Parents and children began talking to each other in ways they had not before."
On the plus side, he adds, these conversations made parents realize that children may have important thoughts or feelings that adults need to be aware of.
But Professor Billingham also sees a downside: Many parents started making decisions based on what their child wanted. "The power shifted to children. Parents said, 'I have to focus on making my child happy', as opposed to 'I have to act as a parent most appropriately'."
Other changes are occurring as the ranks of working mothers grow.  Time-short parents encourage children's independence, making them more responsible for themselves. "They'll say, 'We trust you to make the right decisions' (whether they're ready to assume the responsibility or not) ,"says Billingham.
The self-esteem movement of the past quarter-century has also affected the family dynamics (原動力). Some parents worry that if they tell their child no, it will hurt the child's self-esteem.
【小題1】What's the trend in parent-child relationship mentioned in the passage?

A．Parents are chasing after fashion and ignoring the feelings of their children.

B．More parents and children are sharing the same enthusiasm for a certain sport.

C．Parents are taking more responsibility and setting more limits for their children.

D．The generation gap is narrowing and parents are respecting their children's thoughts more.

【小題2】Which of the following has NOT contributed to the change in the parent-child relationship?

A．Younger parents.	B．Parent effectiveness training.
C．More working mothers.	D．The self-esteem movement.

【小題3】What's the best title for the text?

A．Parents and Children as Friends.

B．Parents and Professors as Debaters.

C．Growing Mutual Understanding.

D．Disappearing Responsibility.

The very first capsule hotel to be opened in Shanghai has attracted many budget travelers with its prices, even though it is not fully operational yet.
The hotel consists of 68 "capsules", each 1.1-meters high, 1.1-meters wide and 2.2-meters long. The basic rate is 28 Yuan ($4.22) per person, plus an additional 4 Yuan an hour. The hotel also offers a package of 68 Yuan for 10 hours and 88 Yuan for 24 hours.
All of the capsules are imported from Japan where capsule hotels originated，and each is equipped with independent sockets, clocks, lights, TV and wireless Internet service. The hotel also has a public lavatory(洗手間)，shower room, smoking room and shared guest room.
"This is a huge bargain compared with other budget hotels in Shanghai," said Ta Zan, the owner of the hotel. Ta used to stay at capsule hotels in Tokyo during his undergraduate years and worked at a capsule hotel while he was doing his MBA in Japan in 2005, so he knows how they work and how to make guests feel comfortable.
He based the hotel on capsule hotels in Japan but he has made some special changes based on Chinese guests' habits. "In Japan capsule hotels are usually equipped with bathtubs, but in China people are more willing to take a shower, so we have the shower room," he said. He has also separated the capsules into three snoring (打鼾的) zones so that guests who often snore won't disturb others. Like most of capsule hotels in Japan, the one in Shanghai is for men only.
But the idea of staying in such a compact space is not appealing to everyone. "I feel the idea is like putting a person in a coffin (棺材), and the price is also not that appealing. A bed at a youth hostel in Shanghai costs about 60 Yuan per night," said Wang Lei, a student from Beijing.
【小題1】The first capsule hotels in the world appeared in        .

A．Shanghai

B．Japan

C．Beijing

D．America

【小題2】If you stay in the capsule hotel in Shanghai for 8 hours， you will have to pay      yuan.

A．28

B．60

C．68

D．88

【小題3】What does the underlined word "compact" mean?

A．Dear

B．Cheap.

C．Close.

D．Clean.

【小題4】The capsule hotel in Shanghai differs from those in Japan in that          .

A．it serves men as well as women

B．its capsule is much larger

C．it has a shower room

D．it has no snoring zones

【小題5】We can know from the passage that           .

A．everybody considers the capsule hotel a nice place to stay

B．all the capsules of the hotel were made in China

C．each capsule of the hotel has a private lavatory

D．no guest has ever stayed in the capsule hotel in Shanghai

Below is a discussion on a website.

http://www.TalkingPoints.com/
Stuck on a desert island?
Started on 23rd April by Steve Posts 1 – 7 of 42
Post 1 Steve USA	Hi, everyone. What would you miss most and least if you were stuck on a desert island? For me, it would be the changing seasons in New England. I guess this will sound stupid but I’d probably miss the rain, too. I wouldn’t miss getting up at six every day to go to work, though! What about you?
Post 2 Tomas Germany	Good question. Steve, I think I’d miss different types of bread, and shopping at the supermarket. I’d miss the food most. What would I miss least? My mobile phone---I’d like to be completely quiet --- at least for a little while
Post 3 Paola Italy	I would miss the company of people because I know I’d like to have someone to share experiences with. I’d go mad on my own. And I sure wouldn’t miss junk mail(垃圾郵件) --- I hate coming home every evening and a pile of junk mail in my post box.
Post 4 Miko Japan	Hi, I would miss Manga cartoon, the Internet and Japanese food, like sushi. I’d also miss TV shows and shopping for clothes…
Post 5 Roger UK	I would miss my daily newspaper and listening to the news on TV and radio. I’d feel very cut off if I didn’t know what was happening in the world. What I’d miss least would be traffic jams in the city, particularly my journey to work.
Past 6 Jayne	Why hasn’t anyone mentioned their family? I’d be lost without my husband and two kids. They’re the most important for me. And I can’t get started in the morning without a cup of black coffee. I wouldn’t miss doing the housework!
Post 7 Jaime Mexico	It would have to be music. I couldn’t live without my music. I wouldn’t miss going to school at all or doing homework!

 
【小題1】Who would miss his or her family most?

A．Jaime

B．Jayne

C．Miko

D．Paola.

【小題2】Which of the following people would feel most uncomfortable without the news media?

A．Steve.

B．Jaime

C．Roger.

D．Tomas

【小題3】How many of them mentioned that they would miss food or drink?

A．One

B．Two

C．Three

D．Four

Kong Zi, also called Confucius (551—479B.C.), and Socrates(蘇格拉底) (469—399 B.C.) lived only a hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas, and how these ideas in turn, shaped their societies.
Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical (激進的) than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom, and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went out to government service.
Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life: "Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you." He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that the superior class should rule the inferior (下層的) classes.
For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern. For Confucius, however, the family was the centre of the society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations.
Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.
【小題1】Which of the following is TURE according to the first paragraph?

A．Socrates and Confucius had much in common

B．Confucius had much influence on Socrates’ ideas.

C．The societies were influenced by the philosophers’ ideas.

D．There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece.

【小題2】Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that ________.
A. all men were equal when they were born
B. the lower classed should be ruled by the upper class
C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom
【小題3】What made some people different from others according to Confucius?

A．Family.

B．Potential.

C．Knowledge.

D．Community.

【小題4】This passage is organized in the pattern of ________.

A．time and events	B．comparison and contrast
C．cause and effect	D．definition and classification