B

Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patient–to

speed recovery or to cover the coming of death? In

medicine as in law, government, and other lines of

work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed

（變矮�。゜y greater needs: the need to protect from

brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to advance

the public interest．

What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the  truth? If he asks, should the doctor reject that he is ill, or minimize fee gravity of the illness? Should they at least hide the truth until after the family vacation?

Doctors face such choices often．At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones．

Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate （惡化） faster, perhaps even commit suicide（自殺）．

But other studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians; a great majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about serious illness, and feel cheated when they learn that they have been misled．We are also learning that truthful information, humanly conveyed, helps patients cope with illness: help them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after operation．

There is urgent need to debate this issue openly．Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception （欺騙）．Yet the public has every reason to know professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to trust．Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you．"

60．What is the passage mainly about?

         A．Whether patients really want to know the truth of their condition．

         B．Whether patients should be told the truth of their illness．

         C．Whether different studies should be carried on．

         D．Whether doctors are honesty with their patients．

61．For the case mentioned in paragraph 2, most doctors will ____．

         A．tell the patient the truth as soon as possible

         B．choose to lie to him about his condition at that moment

         C．tell him to shorten the family vacation

         D．a(chǎn)dvise him to cancel the family vacation

62．Which of the following is TRUE?

         A．Sometimes government tells lies because they need to meet the public interest．

         B．Doctors believe if they lie, those seriously-ill patients will recover more quickly．

         C．Truthful information helps patients deal with their illness in some cases．

         D．Many patients don't want to know the truth, especially about serious illness．

63．From the passage, we can learn that the author's attitude to professional deception is ____．

         A．supportive             B．indifferent C．opposed         D．neutral

63．From the passage, we can learn that the author’s attitude to professional deception is      .

         A．supportive B．indifferent C．opposed     D．neutral

B

Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patient–to

speed recovery or to cover the coming of death? In

medicine as in law, government, and other lines of

work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed

（變矮�。゜y greater needs: the need to protect from

brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to advance

the public interest．

What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the  truth? If he asks, should the doctor reject that he is ill, or minimize fee gravity of the illness? Should they at least hide the truth until after the family vacation?

Doctors face such choices often．At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones．

Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate （惡化） faster, perhaps even commit suicide（自殺）．

But other studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians; a great majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about serious illness, and feel cheated when they learn that they have been misled．We are also learning that truthful information, humanly conveyed, helps patients cope with illness: help them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after operation．

There is urgent need to debate this issue openly．Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception （欺騙）．Yet the public has every reason to know professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to trust．Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you．"

60．What is the passage mainly about?

       A．Whether patients really want to know the truth of their condition．

       B．Whether patients should be told the truth of their illness．

       C．Whether different studies should be carried on．

       D．Whether doctors are honesty with their patients．

61．For the case mentioned in paragraph 2, most doctors will ____．

       A．tell the patient the truth as soon as possible

       B．choose to lie to him about his condition at that moment

       C．tell him to shorten the family vacation

       D．a(chǎn)dvise him to cancel the family vacation

62．Which of the following is TRUE?

       A．Sometimes government tells lies because they need to meet the public interest．

       B．Doctors believe if they lie, those seriously-ill patients will recover more quickly．

       C．Truthful information helps patients deal with their illness in some cases．

       D．Many patients don't want to know the truth, especially about serious illness．

63．From the passage, we can learn that the author's attitude to professional deception is ____．

       A．supportive           B．indifferent       C．opposed        D．neutral

63．From the passage, we can learn that the author’s attitude to professional deception is      .

       A．supportive       B．indifferent       C．opposed    D．neutral

My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at 36 . As for me, I 37 both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.
The last time Dad and I set sail together is really 38 . It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and 39 Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the__40__ lake. Dad hadn’t sailed for years, but everything   41 
well with the tiller (舵柄) in his hands.
When we were in the middle of the lake, a 42 wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit __43 . Dad was always at his best in any 44 , but at this moment he   45 .
“John!   46 !” he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.
In my memory he could fix any 47 . He was the one I always 48 for strength and security. Before I could respond, a 49 of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller 50 it was too late. Another huge wall of water 51 the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely 52 of him.
I swam to Dad 53 and assisted him in climbing onto the hull (船殼) of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkward about his flash of 54 . “It’s all right, Dad. We are safe now,” I comforted him.
That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start 55 for my father.

My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at ___36___. As for me, I ___37___ both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.

The last time Dad and I set sail together is really ___ 38___. It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and ___39___Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the ___40___lake. Dad hadn’t sailed for years, but everything ___41___well with the tiller（舵柄）in his hands.

When we were in the middle of the lake, a ___ 42___ wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit ___43___. Dad was always at his best in any___44___, but at this moment he___45___.

"John!___46___!" he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.

In my memory he could fix any___ 47___. He was the one I always___48___for strength and security. Before I could respond, a___ 49___ of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller ___50___it was too late. Another huge wall of water ___ 51___the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely ___52___of him.

I swam to Dad ___ 53___and assisted him in climbing onto the hull（船殼）of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkward about his flash of ___ 54___. "It's all right, Dad. We are safe now," I comforted him.

That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start___55___for my father.

　　There are a lot of dangerous and terrible pests in India, but the tree-bees are the most terrible. They are killers.

　　Last year I was on holiday there. Riding along a road one sunny morning, I found the air above me suddenly became thick with bees. Although it was hot, I went cold all over. To run away fast seemed the only thing to do, but my horse was frightened, too. He jumped and kicked out in all directions to get rid of the bees that were attacking him, and then threw me to the ground.

　　The village was about half a mile away. I began to run. But by now I was covered from head to foot with bees. They crawled（爬行）all over me, stinging （刺）with terrible pain. I tore them away, but made room for others. Each time I opened my lips for breath, more bees entered my mouth. I could hardly breathe.

　　Then I reached the village. I ran towards a house that was being built. As soon as the men working there saw the bees, they ran for safety at top speed.

　　My eyes had completely closed. I fell into a pile of something soft. I pushed myself down into this until my head and shoulders were covered. This made bees angry and they began to attack my legs. I struggled but soon became tired out. The bees had won.

　　At last I was saved by two clever soldiers. They ran to a pile of dry grass and quickly surrounded me with a thick wall of fire and smoke until the bees were driven away. They remained with me, I later learned, looking after me for the next three hours until a doctor was found and brought.

(1) When the air suddenly became thick with bees one morning last year,______.

[　　]

A．it became cold

B．the writer went cold with fear

C．it was rather cold, though fine

D．the horse threw the writer to the ground

(2) The writer tore the bees away ______.

[　　]

A．in order to make room for other bees 

B．but other bees took the space again

C．but they flew away slowly

D．in order to let his breath out

(3) When the men building the house saw the bees they ran away quickly ______.

[　　]

A．in order not to be attacked by the bees

B．to look for something to drive the bees away

C．to help the writer to cover his head and shoulders with soft things

D．because they were afraid of the writer