閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier．While this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a significant environmental problem．The shortened hibernation period could actually lead to significant declines in the populations of several species

　　Some of the first concrete evidence of the phenomenon came from Colorado, where researchers at the Rocky Mountain Biological lab have been observing marmot(旱獺)hibernation behavior since the 1970s．In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May．Nowadays, however, temperatures in the area have risen by 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots are waking up about a month earlier．

　　At least the marmots are still hibernating．Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently．Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year．In parts of the United States, chipmunks(花鼠)also skipped the hibernation period．The bears seem to have survived without losing many individuals．The chipmunks, however, were not so lucky．Many of the animals died of starvation during the winter．

　　The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether, lies with the creatures’ metabolism(新陳代謝)．When an animal hibernates, their metabolism drops significantly．The animals’ heart rate slows, and they require very little energy to live．When the animals awake from their winter slumber, their metabolism returns to normal．

　　But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation, food sources aren't as available as they were before．A marmot may wake up when temperatures get warmer, thinking it's spring, but plants will not have gotten the amount of sun they need to signal their spring period of growth．So until the plants grow, the marmots have no reliable food source．

　　Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get worse．In addition to changes in hibernation patterns, some believe that other animals will also begin to change their migration patterns or begin to give birth earlier．For many biologists, that's a scary prospect．Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford University, said：“I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species．"

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閱讀理解

　　Besides news reports that tend to focus on war or election, Americans generally don't hear much about people in other countries．One reason may be that very little foreign-language literature is translated into English．In the United States, just a few of the titles, mainly translations of foreign novels, short stories, or poetry, make it into English．However, a number of efforts have taken root to try to bring more global literature to US audiences．

　　The online magazine of international literature, Words Without Borders, was founded by Bard College in Annandale-on-Hudson, N．Y．The nonprofit site, now in its fifth year, offers modern writing from places such as Argentina, China and Italy, often for the first time in English．It gets about 200 000 page views per month and counts roughly 8 000 subscribers(訂閱者), more than one-quarter of whom live in the US．

　　“There's a wave of interest right now,” says Jill Schoolman, publisher of Archipelago Books, a small nonprofit press in Brooklyn, N．Y．, opened in 2003 to publish world literature in translation only．“People are hungry for ideas from other countries．”

　　Rainmaker Translations－a Las Vegas-based nonprofit－was formed two years ago to support the publication of more top-quality global writing here in the US．They put out their first three titles, translated from Arabic, Chinese, and Russian, in the spring of 2006 and plan to aid up to four more in the coming year．

　　In March, the Center for the Art of Translation, a nonprofit started in 1994 in San Francisco, will publish Two Lines World Library, focused on writing from some particular areas published over the last several decades．

　　Dalkey Archive Press, a century-old nonprofit publisher in Champaign, Illinois, has upped the number of translations on its publication list since 2003, from 25 percent to nearly 80 percent．

　　In recent years, more nonprofits have applied to the National Endowment for the Arts for help to publish literary translations．The agency is also trying to increase the availability of translated prose(散文)and poetry in the US, such as publishing partnerships with foreign governments．

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