7. year after year, year by year
year after year 意為“年復一年地”,常用來表示每年
重復,在句中作狀語,類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有:day after day;
month after month; one after another; letter after
letter;而 year by year 表示逐漸的變化過程,類似的
結(jié)構(gòu)還有:day by day; little by little (逐漸地)。
My grandfather grows older year by year.
我爺爺一年年老了。
We call on our teachers on Teachers’Day year after
year.
我們年年教師節(jié)都要看望老師。
☆句型詮釋☆
6. deep, deeply
deep 既可作形容詞,又可作副詞,表示動作與事物的
具體深度,注意習慣搭配。deep into, go deep, be
buried deep,drink deep(痛飲);deeply為副詞,常用
于修飾形容詞、分詞以及含有抽象意義的動詞。
Our teacher often work deep into the night.
我們老師常常工作到深夜。
Her faith goes very deep.
她的信仰很堅定。
We are deeply moved by what she said and did.
她的言行使我們深受感動。
I'm deeply grateful for the advice you gave me.
我非常感激你對我的勸告。
5. late, later, latest, lately
late 是形容詞或副詞,表示“晚,遲”;later 是副詞,表
示“以后,后來”,常單獨使用或放于一段時間之后;
latest 是形容詞,表示“最近的”;lately 是副詞,表示
“最近,近來”。
He went to bed late last night.
他昨晚睡得很遲。
I shall call again later.
我過會兒再打電話。
People want to buy the latest newspaper, nobody wants
to buy yesterday's.
人們都要買最新的報紙,沒人要買昨天的。
Have you seen him lately?
你近來見到過他嗎?
4. sure, certain, confident
意思都是“確信的”。sure強調(diào)“主觀上確信無疑
的”。certain 指“有充分根據(jù)或理由而相信的”。
confident 強調(diào)“對某人(物)堅信的或滿懷信心的”。
be sure to 中的sure 不能改為certain。
I'm sure you don't mean it.
我相信你是無意的。
This letter made me certain 0f his innocence.
這封信使我相信他是無罪的。
He's confident he will win.
他堅信他會贏。
[詞組] be certain of 確信;深信
be certain to 必然;一定
be not certain whether... 不能確定是否……
for certain 肯定地;確鑿地
make certain (of, that) 把……弄清楚;把……弄確
實;保證
3. happen, take place, breakout, occur
(1) happen 往往表示偶然性的沒預料到的事情的“發(fā)
生”。
How did the accident happen? You'd better let me
know.
(2) take place 表示必然性的“發(fā)生”或指是布置或策
劃好某事后“舉行”的。
Great changes have taken place in our country these
years.
這些年我國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
(3) break out 表示地震、戰(zhàn)爭、火災、疾病等“突然發(fā)
生”、“爆發(fā)”
A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.
(4) occur 相當于 happen
It is said that the traffic accident OCCUlTed at midnight.
[聯(lián)想] 主語 (人) + happen + 動詞不定式
It (形式主語) + happen + that從句 (真正的主語)
I happened to see him in the street. (碰巧、恰巧)
2. guide, conduct, lead
作為動詞三者都有“領”“導”或“引”的含義。它們的
區(qū)別在于:guide (抽象名詞guidance;具體名詞guide
“向?qū)А? 是通用詞,可以用于“為別人帶路”“指導別
人的學習、品行修養(yǎng)”,它的內(nèi)涵是避免走彎路或遇
到危險。而conduct (抽象名詞conductance“傳導
力”;具體名詞conductor"向?qū)д摺,公共汽車等的“?/p>
票員”) 在表示“指導、引導”時含有明顯的主從關系,
即被引導者不服從是不可以的。lead (抽象名詞
leadership"領導”;具體名詞leader"領袖、領隊”)可以
表示“領導、帶路”,但它總含有領導者走在前面,而
把被領導者控制在自己的權(quán)威之下,或被領導者處
于秩序井然的狀態(tài)中的意思。
Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding
the dead on their return journey to the other world.
數(shù)千只燈籠慢慢向大海漂去,給死人返回陰間指明
道路。
At the top of the bank my guide paused and looked
back at me.
我的向?qū)г诤影渡仙酝A艘幌,并且回頭看了看我。
He is now studying under the guidance of Professor
Green.
他現(xiàn)在正在格林教授的指導下學習。
1. product, production, produce
這組詞均指通過勞動或努力而生產(chǎn)形成的產(chǎn)品。
product 是最普通的詞,多指某種自然或人工的產(chǎn)品
或產(chǎn)物,還指文學或藝術方面的作品。
production 指產(chǎn)品時,常限于人工產(chǎn)品,包括智力和
藝術勞動產(chǎn)品。亦為戲劇或電影中的常用詞。用在
抽象的意義上,表示“生產(chǎn);產(chǎn)量”。
produce 是個集合名詞,指自然產(chǎn)品,特別是農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)
品而非工業(yè)品。
She is the product Of talented parents.
她是她天資卓越的父母的產(chǎn)物。
Production of iron has increased in the last few years.
最近幾年鐵的產(chǎn)量增加了。
The farmers brought their produce to town early each
Saturday.
農(nóng)民們每星期六一早把農(nóng)產(chǎn)品帶到鎮(zhèn)上去。
3. make use of 利用;使用
He made use of every secx)nd to learn his lessons every
day.
每天他分秒必爭地學習。
If better use is made of your spare time, you will make
great progress in it.
如果你更好地利用你的業(yè)余時間,你會在那方面取
得更大的進步。
[考點3]含“動詞 + on”的短語
① carry on 堅持下去,繼續(xù)下去
② come on 來吧,跟著來,趕快
③ call on 訪問,號召,邀請
④ go on 繼續(xù)
⑤ go on doing 繼續(xù)做
⑥ get on 上(車)
⑦ hold on 等一等,不掛斷
⑧ live on 繼續(xù)存在,繼續(xù)活著.以……為主食,以……
為依靠
⑨ knock on 敲(門、窗)
⑩ pass on 傳遞,轉(zhuǎn)移到
⑩ put on 穿上,上演
⑥ turn on 打開
⑩ try on 試穿,試戴
⑩ depend on 依賴,依靠,取決于
⑩ test on 在……(身上)做試驗
⑩ be on good terms 關系好
⑩ play a trick on sb 開某人玩笑,欺騙某人
[例句]Though tired and hungry, we carried on until we
reached camp. 盡管又累又餓,我們還是堅持到了宿營
地。
As the years go on, we grow both wiser and sadder. 隨
著歲月的流逝,我們變得既明智又有點傷感。
He put on an air of innocence, but it didn't deceive us.
他裝出一副無辜的樣子,但是這欺騙不了我們。
Several pairs of shoes were tried on, but none of them
were satisfactory. 試穿了幾雙鞋,但是沒有令人滿意
的。
The southerners in China mainly live on rice. 中國南方
的人主要以大米為食。
Don't play a trick on me - I want to know the truth. 不
要欺騙我.我想知道真相。
I call on the people of the country to work hard for na-
tional unity. 我號召本國的人民為了國家的統(tǒng)一而努
力。
[考例3](2005遼寧) Could you please tell me where
you bought the shoes you ____ yesterday?
A. tried on B. put on
C. had on D. pulled on
[考查目標] 此題主要考查“動詞 + on”的短語用法。
[答案與解析]C 句子的意思明顯是表達“穿”的意思
(表狀態(tài))。而try on 的意思是“試穿”,put on 的意思是
“穿”。但強調(diào)的是動作,pull on 也表穿戴的意思,表動
作,多指襪子或帽子等。
[考點2]含“動詞+back"的短語
① come back 回來
② bring sb back 送回某人
③ bring...back to life 使蘇醒,使生動,使活潑
④ bring back 拿回來,使恢復。使回想起
⑤ go back 回去
⑥ get...back 退還,送回去,取回
⑦ get back 回來,取回
⑧ date back to 回溯至,追溯到
⑨ take back 收回,取回
⑩ keep back 隱瞞不講,扣留,阻止
⑩ hold bac k阻止
[例句] Her stay among the mountains brought her back
to health. 她在山中逗留使得她恢復了健康。
This custom dates back to the Tang Dynasty. 這種風俗
可追溯到唐朝。
I apologize to you, now I will take back what I said. 我
向你道歉,現(xiàn)在我愿意收回我所說的話。
He may be telling the truth but he is keeping something
back. 他也許在說實話,但是他在隱瞞什么。
His story brought back our happy childhood together.
這個故事把我?guī)У搅宋覀冊谝黄饡r的快樂童年。
[考例2](2004 全國卷I) You can take anything from
the shelf and read, but pleas ____ the books when
you've finished with them.
A. put on B. put down
C. put back D. put off
[考查目標] 此題主要考查put短語的用法。
[答案與解析]C put on 穿戴,上演;put down 記下,放
下;put back 放回原處;put off 推遲。本句話的意思是“從
書架上你可以拿任何東西來讀,但是讀完后請放回原處”。
☆詞語比較☆
10. look on...as 把……看作
They all look on him as a member of their family.
他們都把他看作是自家人。
Don't look on him as a child. He is old enough to look
after himself.
別把他當成孩子看待,他已經(jīng)能照顧自己了。
[詞組] look after 照料
look back (與on, to連用) 回想;記起;停滯不前
took down on 輕視;看不起
look forward to 盼望;期待
look in 順便看望;短暫訪問
look on (常與as連用)旁觀;看作(=look upon)
look out 注意;找出;挑選出
look over 翻閱;瀏覽;檢查
look up 好轉(zhuǎn);在書中查到;尋訪到;探訪(某人)
look up to 尊敬
[考點1]含look的短語
① look the same 看起來一樣
② look after 照料,照看
③ look at 看
④ look for 尋找
⑤ look over (仔細)檢查
⑥ look up 向上看,查找,查尋,改善
⑦ look on...as... 把……看作
⑧ look out 留神,注意
⑨ look like 看起來像
⑩ look through 瀏覽,細看
⑩ look on 旁觀
⑩ look into 調(diào)查
⑩ look (a) round 環(huán)顧四周
⑩ look down 俯視
[例句] He looked over the food in the refrigerator and
found that he had eaten up all the eggs and butter. 他查
看了一下冰箱里的食物,發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的雞蛋和黃油都吃
光了。
The weather is looking up, so we may go out this
coming Sunday. 天氣在好轉(zhuǎn),所以我們這周日也許能出
去。
There were signs everywhere warning people to look
OUt for falling rocks. 到處都有牌子,提醒人們當心巖石
掉下來。
We look on Kong Fansen as a model for us to learn
from. 我們把孔繁森當作我們學習的楷模。
[考例1](NMET 1 990) ____ this book and tell me
what you think of it.
A. Look through B. Look on
C. Look into D. Look up
[考查目標]此題主要考查look短語的短語的用法。
[答案與解析]A look through 瀏覽,細看;look on 旁
觀;look into 調(diào)查;look up 向上看,查找,查尋,改善。
本句話意思是“仔細看一看這本書,告訴我你的想法”。
9. date back to / from 追溯到……;始于……
In China needle treatment dates back to ancient times.
在中國,針刺療法從古代起就有了。
This document dates from 1789.
文件上注明的日期是1789年。
[詞組] break the date 不遵守約會;失約
bring sth. up to date 使……現(xiàn)代化;使……達到最新
研究成果 (水平)
make / have a date with sb. [口](與某人)約會(常指
男女之間)
out of date 過時的;廢棄的
up to date 直到最近的;新式的;現(xiàn)代的
closing date for entries報名截止日期
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